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831.
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A protocol was developed to fractionate soil particles down to the nanocolloid scale by combining sieving, sedimentation,
centrifugation, and cross-flow filtration (CFF). The validity of the method and the performance of the CFF system were tested
by characterizing fractions using laser granulometry, electron microscopy, and chemical analysis. The 0.1-μm-pore-size membrane
CFF system effectively retained nanocolloids (<0.1 μm) as shown by laser granulometry and observed directly by transmission
electron microscopy. However, environmental scanning electron microscopy images of freeze-dried colloids were very different
from their TEM counterparts, suggesting that sample preparation influenced microscopy imaging. Chemical analysis of Cu, Cd,
and organic carbon in each fraction showed that the concentrations of these components increased as particle size decreased,
indicating colloids and nanocolloids play an important role in retaining trace metals. Particle-size fractionation combined
with chemical analysis and electron microscopy can provide insight into the nature and properties of nanocolloids in soil. 相似文献
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836.
NH3-SCR performances were explored to the relationship between structure morphology and physio-chemical properties over low-dimensional ternary Mn-based catalysts prepared by one-step synthesis method.Due to its strong oxidation performance,Sn-MnOx was prone to side reactions between NO,NH3 and O2,resulting in the generation of more NO2 and N2 O,here most of N2 O was driven from the non-selective oxidation of NH3,while ... 相似文献
837.
Tang Xiaonan Rahimi Hamidreza Guan Yutong Wang Yuxuan 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2021,21(2):317-342
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Vegetation in watercourses can influence different aspects of flow structure, subsequently affecting many processes of flow, such as pollutant transportation,... 相似文献
838.
运用实时无标记细胞分析系统(RTCA)和Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)法分别检测柴油废气颗粒物(DEP)致支气管上皮细胞(HBE)细胞毒性,从而对2种方法进行比较研究.分别以浓度为0、3.5、7、14、28和56 mg·L-1 2种柴油废气标准参考颗粒物(Standard Reference Material 1650b,SRM 1650b;Standard Reference Material 2975,SRM 2975)对 HBE 细胞进行暴露处理,分别暴露6、12、24和48 h后,检测不同DEP致HBE细胞毒性,比较各组之间细胞存活率或标准化细胞指数(normalized cell index,NCI)值的差异,考察2种方法的优缺点.并用细胞凋亡实验检测各差异组之间的凋亡率.在相同染毒浓度及暴露时间,与SRM 1650b相比,SRM 2975对HBE细胞的毒性更强.在RTCA检测DEP致HBE细胞毒性时,低浓度DEP组的NCI值已经表现出与对照组有统计学差异(P<0.05),而相同时间条件下,CCK-8法在更高浓度的DEP组才检测出显著的细胞活性下降(P<0.05).且由细胞凋亡实验证实,与对照组相比,低浓度DEP组的细胞凋亡率已经有统计学差异.相对于CCK-8法,RTCA更适用于检测DEP致贴壁HBE细胞毒性.CCK-8法更适用于检测DEP致悬浮细胞的细胞毒性或与气液暴露装置联用时的贴壁/悬浮细胞毒性. 相似文献
839.
Xinyu Wang Ye Jin Weirui Chen Ruini Zou Jinxin Xie Yiming Tang Xukai Li Laisheng Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(6):122
840.
This study aimed to identify the difference in volatile aromatic components and the relationship with the expression pattern of their corresponding bio-synthesis genes in six kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) varieties (Cuiyu, Jintao, Jinyan, Chuhong, Donghong, and Xixuan). To provide a foundation for kiwifruit variety recognition, fruit quality evaluation, and molecular-assisted breeding, the volatile aromatic components in the ripe fruits of six kiwifruit varieties were evaluated by head space-solid phase micro extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The aroma-synthesis-related genes, including acyltransferases (AcAT16), lipoxygenase (AcLox2), and terpene synthase genes (AcTPS1), were detected by the real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) during the postharvest stage of fruits. Ninety-two aroma chemicals were identified in the tested kiwifruit cultivars. There were 35, 32, 30, 44, 28, and 17 of aromatic compounds in Cuiyu, Jintao, Jinyan, Chuhong, Donghong, and Xixuan, respectively. Esters were the main aroma components in Cuiyu, Jintao, and Jinyan. The major aromatic compounds of Chuhong, Donghong, and Xixuan were aldehydes and terpenoids. The expression level of AcATs16 and AcLox2 increased, and then decreased during the ripening of kiwifruit fruits. The expression of AcATs16 was significantly higher in Cuiyu and Jinyan than in other varieties. AcLox2 indicated significant abundance in Cuiyu and Chuhong. AcTPS1 was up-regulated in Jintao, Donghong, and Xixuan with fruit ripening; however, this was not observed in Cuiyu, Chuhong, and Jinyan. The difference in the composition and content of volatile aromatic components contributes to the difference in aroma in different kiwifruit cultivars. The diverse expression of AcATs16, AcLox2, and AcTPS1 might be closely related to the synthesis of ethyl butyrate, (E)-2-hexenal, and eucalyptol, respectively. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献