江汉湖群围垦变化的遥感测定

为了监测江汉湖群的湖泊资源,研究湖泊围垦变化对湖区环境生态的影响,本试验利用陆地卫星遥感图象的光学仿射纠正技术和机助扫描统计方法,对湖北省湖泊的个数和面积进行了统计,并将八十年代初与五十年代末统计数据作了比较分析。发现江汉湖群的湖泊个数由五十年代末的609个减少到现在的309个,湖泊常年水位面积由4708km~2缩减到2657km~2.七十年代以来的过度围垦,使湖区生态平衡遭到严重破坏,调蓄、水产和水资源受到损失、研究表明.监测江汉湖群的动态演变,进行合理的湖区开发,加强湖泊的科学管理,已到非重视不可的时候了.     

Coagulation of micro-polluted Pearl River water with IPF-PACIs

Water samples collected from early March 2001 to the end of April 2002 at the branch of Pearl River around the Guangzhou City were analyzed for its micro-polluted characteristics. The coagulation behavior of polyaluminum chlorides(PACIs) was then examined focusing on the effect of primary water quality and speciation distribution. The results showed that PACIs exhibit better coagulation efficiency than alum in accordance with the different speciation.The turbidity removal property of PACIs is evidently better than alum at low dosage. While in neutral zone(about 6.5--7.5), the turbidity removal of PACIs decreases owing to the restabilization of particles at higher dosage. The organic matters in raw water exhibit marked influence on coagulation. In acidic zone, organic matters complex with polymer species and promote the formation of flocs. With an increase in pH, the complexation of organics with polymer species gradually decreases, and the removal of organics mainly depends on adsorption. The effect is evidently improved with the raise of B value.     

瞬间定格的自然情节

人类进入21世纪，历史翻开新的篇章，作为生物链中重要的一环。人类进化的每一步都离不开我们身边的动物，不幸的是，城市的扩张，环境的污染，人类对自然资源的无度开采，仍在侵犯动物的家园，威胁它们的生命。从娱乐项目中作为活靶子的野兔，到身体永远插着管子被活取胆的月牙熊，从顷刻间轰然到下的百年老林，到可可西里依偎在母亲尸体旁取暖的小藏羚羊——无不记载着人类对动物、对大自然犯下的罪行。     

Cardiac blood flow studies in fetuses with haemoglobin bart's disease

Blood flow across the atrioventricular valves and outflow tracts was measured in 55 normal fetuses and 32 fetuses with haemoglobin (Hb) Bart's disease between 18 and 26 weeks of gestation. The mean velocities remained unchanged in both normal and affected fetuses over the gestations studied. The volume flow across both atrioventricular valves and outflow tracts increased as the gestation advanced in both normal and affected fetuses, but was significantly higher in affected than in normal fetuses. The same magnitude of increased flow was found in both hydropic and non-hydropic fetuses with Hb Bart's disease. These findings suggest that fetuses with severe and long-standing anaemia have a remarkable cardiac compensatory mechanism for the maintenance of tissue oxygenation. In response to anaemia and circulatory loading, the cardiac chambers and outflow tracts enlarge proportionately up to twice the normal values. Because of this response and the operation of the Frank-Starling mechanism, the heart is able to maintain a normal mean velocity of propulsion and the net output is increased to two to three times that in normal fetuses. Hydropic changes in these anaemic fetuses appear unrelated to cardiac failure as cardiac failure is not observed at the time that hydropic changes develop.     

JLNY01菌降解地下水中阿特拉津效果的研究

从吉林市农药厂排污口采集的污泥样品 ,通过富集培养 ,从中分离筛选出一株阿特拉津 (AT)高效降解菌JLNY0 1 ,该菌在1 0℃一定浓度的AT条件下 ,经过一定时间的驯化 ,降解率可达 83 .6 %。在 30℃下 ,AT能够达到完全降解。经初步鉴定该菌为假单胞菌属。     

环境影响评价中的公众参与调查结果加权量化法初探

自从1996年第四次全国环境保护会议后,公众参与成为我国环境影响评价中必不可少的一部分。目前建设项目环境影响评价中的公众参与主要采用的是填写调查问卷,然后对调查结果进行定性分析的方法。在对公众参与现状进行分析的基础上,尝试对公众参与的结果进行加权量化。     

Interaction of PACIs with sulfate

This article discusses the influential factors on Al13 separation considering the interaction of sulfate with various polyaluminum chloride (PACI). The experimental results showed that the basicity (B = [OH]/[Al]), the concentration of PACI and Al/SO4 ratio exhibited significant roles in the PACI-sulfate reaction. It indicated that different species in various PACI underwent different reaction pathway with sulfate. The Alc, colloidal species,formed precipitation quickly with sulfate, while Alb, oligomers and polymers, underwent slow crystallization. And Ala,monomers, reacted with sulfate to form soluble complexes. The kinetic difference of reaction made it possible to realize the separation of Alb and further purification. The decrease of Ala resulted in the limit of ferron method wasalso mentioned.     

长江水域强制铺设围油栏的必要性和实施对策

针对长江干线推行强制铺设围油栏工作中存在的问题，提出这项工作的必要性以及解决的对策。     

西昌邛海水质现状调查分析

四川西昌的邛海水体中浮游植物群体组成以硅藻、绿藻及鼓藻为主，据1986～1991年连续监测结果表明，邛海水质总体处于贫营养状况，仅局部有富营养性藻类出现。     

土壤汞的地球化学行为及其污染的防治对策

综述了土壤汞的来源 ,以及汞在土壤中的迁移方式、转化模式和富集行为 ,并介绍了当前几种土壤汞污染的防治对策 ,重点讨论了改进农耕技术、减少人为活动向大气的排汞量、生物修复以及电解法等方法 ,最后对土壤汞的研究方向进行了展望。