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31.
目的评价纳米涂层/铝合金在不同pH值海水溶液中的腐蚀行为。方法通过测试纳米涂层/铝合金试样在不同pH值海水溶液中的EIS值,分析试样阻抗谱图及Bode谱图的演化规律,建立不同EIS图谱的不同电极阻抗模型,并采用ZView软件解析涂层体系不同时期的电化学阻抗谱,获得涂层电阻的变化趋势,及不同pH值海水浸泡的纳米涂层体系腐蚀失效速度。结果随着浸泡时间的增加及pH值的降低,纳米涂层/铝合金体系腐蚀损伤失效速率在浸泡前期整体趋势增大,但中后期由于腐蚀产物逐渐堵塞了涂层的微孔,腐蚀介质向铝合金表面渗透的速率逐渐减小。结论 pH为2.0海水浸泡下的3涂层失效最快,其次是pH为4.0海水浸泡下的2涂层,最后为p H为6.0海水浸泡下的1涂层,该涂层体系应采用等效电路模型C进行拟合。 相似文献
32.
Zhuofei Du Min Hu Jianfei Peng Song Guo Rong Zheng Jing Zheng Dongjie Shang Yanhong Qin He Niu Mengren Li Yudong Yang Sihua Lu Yusheng Wu Min Shao Shijin Shuai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(4):348-357
Light-duty gasoline vehicles have drawn public attention in China due to their significant primary emissions of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds(VOCs). However,little information on secondary aerosol formation from exhaust for Chinese vehicles and fuel conditions is available. In this study, chamber experiments were conducted to quantify the potential of secondary aerosol formation from the exhaust of a port fuel injection gasoline engine. The engine and fuel used are common in the Chinese market, and the fuel satisfies the China V gasoline fuel standard. Substantial secondary aerosol formation was observed during a 4–5 hr simulation, which was estimated to represent more than 10 days of equivalent atmospheric photo-oxidation in Beijing. As a consequence, the extreme case secondary organic aerosol(SOA) production was 426 ± 85 mg/kg-fuel, with high levels of precursors and OH exposure. The low hygroscopicity of the aerosols formed inside the chamber suggests that SOA was the dominant chemical composition. Fourteen percent of SOA measured in the chamber experiments could be explained through the oxidation of speciated single-ring aromatics. Unspeciated precursors, such as intermediate-volatility organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds, might be significant for SOA formation from gasoline VOCs. We concluded that reductions of emissions of aerosol precursor gases from vehicles are essential to mediate pollution in China. 相似文献
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印制电路板海洋环境试验与实验室环境试验相关性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的研究机载电子设备印制电路板西沙海洋大气环境与实验室环境试验的相关性。方法在西沙海域环境下开展两种印制电路板的棚下暴露试验,暴晒试验时间为3年,同时在实验室开展盐雾试验,分别通过测试绝缘电阻、品质因数研究两种试验环境的相关性。结果将以绝缘电阻、品质因数为基准相关性评价结果进行平均,得出印制电路板实验室加速试验和自然暴露试验存在着强相关。两种样品的加速系数分别是3.5,5.15。结论建立了印制电路板在西沙海洋环境试验和实验室盐雾环境试验的相关性,可为后续西沙环境试验的加速处理提供依据。 相似文献
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37.
博斯腾湖水质矿化度模型及预测研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
根据博斯腾湖1985~1995年水质监测数据和出入湖水量等水文数据观测值,采用水质扩散模型和盐量平衡关系推导出博斯腾湖大湖区(简称博湖)水质矿化度模型,并预测了几种情况下博湖水质矿化度及近几年变化趋势,分析了影响博湖水质矿化度的主要因素,为博湖的近期和远期环境保护规划、环境管理等提供科学依据. 相似文献
38.
我国海洋环境污染监测质量保证的回顾与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国海洋环境污染监测质量保证的发展历史可大致分为三个阶段:孕育阶段(1972~1977年)起步阶段(1978~1983年)和发展阶段(1984~)。各个阶段有不同的特色和侧重点,1978年前主要探索与污染物质的分析方法,1984年后是监测质量保证工作进入管理时期。 相似文献
39.
夜间建筑施工噪声扰民监测方法探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以一家夜间施工工地为例 ,通过对现有夜间建筑施工噪声测量方法及国家和深圳经济特区有关噪声污染定义的分析 ,阐述了夜间施工工地噪声扰民监测方法 相似文献
40.
In this work a comparison is made between the different approaches that can be taken to evaluate the mobility of elements in compost. The practical consequences of the results obtained are also discussed in terms of methods for cleaning up compost and using compost in environmental remediation. The mobility of potentially toxic elements in compost is evaluated by leaching with four selected eluents, i.e. diluted sulfuric acid, oxalate, citrate and EDTA. In contrast to the chelating agents, diluted sulfuric acid was found to generally have a low leaching capability for removal of heavy metals from compost. This implies that the risk of heavy metal leaching caused by natural rainfall is likely to be low. The results obtained in the leaching experiment were compared with previous results obtained from sequential fractionation. This comparison confirmed that both methods gave similar results for predicting the lability of elements in compost. A non-linear regression analysis of the leaching curves was also conducted. The leaching curves for elements with high lability could be fitted with a two components model. The labile components identified by the kinetic model are approximately in accordance with the fractions obtained from the first step of the sequential extraction method. The kinetic speciation method is shown to be a relatively rapid and simple procedure for compost which gives more information about element lability than simple leaching experiments. The leaching reagents used in this work were not effective enough to be used for cleaning up compost with a high metal content. Compost was however shown to have a high affinity for heavy metals, with the order of affinity of metal for the compost being very similar to that seen for humic acid. Compost may therefore prove to be a good remediation material for metal contaminated waste. 相似文献