Environmental degradation,economic growth and tourism development in Chinese regions

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Tourism development is recognised as an essential tool in promoting economic growth; however, it may also contribute to environmental degradation....     

A review of the application of different treatment processes for oily sludge

Oily sludge contains high concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which seriously impact the environment and human health. How to dispose of and use the oily sludge has attracted an increasing amount of attention. This study introduces harmless and resource-based oily sludge treatment technologies. It summarizes the technologies from various aspects, such as the process principle, influencing factors, advantages, and disadvantages, and analyzes and summarizes the status quo of the development of the technologies. In comparison, the direction of processing technology development is discussed to provide reference for processing technology improvements, optimization, and efficiency improvements.

     

污泥生物炭活化过一硫酸盐降解环丙沙星

以脱水干化污泥为原料,经450℃热解制成污泥生物炭（BC）,活化过一硫酸盐（PMS）,构建BC/PMS体系,降解环丙沙星（CIP）.采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线能谱（EDS）、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、Zeta电位分析仪和电子自旋共振（EPR）分析了BC的理化性质;考察了BC投加量、PMS投加量、初始pH值和无机阴离子对BC/PMS体系降解CIP效果的影响;通过自由基淬灭实验和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析,深入探讨了BC/PMS体系对CIP降解机制.结果表明,CIP降解率随BC投加量和PMS投加量增大而升高,随溶液初始pH增大而降低,在BC 1.0 g·L^-1、PMS 3.0 mmol·L^-1、初始pH 6.0、CIP 20 mg·L^-1和反应时间120 min时,CIP降解率为49.09%;SO₄^2-和NO₃^-对BC/PMS体系降解效果无显著影响,HCO₃^-和Cl^-具有明显抑制作用;BC/PMS体系降解CIP是自由基途径（·OH和SO₄^-·）和非自由基途径（¹O₂）共同作用的结果,降解路径主要包括哌嗪环开环和羟基化反应.     

飞机电气线路互联系统海洋环境适应性研究

以飞机典型电气线路互联系统(ElectricalWiringInterconnectionSystem,EWIS)故障件和线缆及微动开关的南海环境暴晒试验结果为依据,研究了海洋环境下EWIS的腐蚀故障规律、腐蚀类型和形成原因、及电气性能变化规律等。结果表明,海洋环境下EWIS腐蚀失效形式多样,易导致间歇式故障频发,电气性能及屏蔽效能下降等。从适海性的角度提出了应从选材、设计、使用维护和故障数据分析利用等方面来提高EWIS的海洋环境适应性。     

沉湖钻孔沉积物中微生物脂肪酸特征与意义

利用微生物脂肪酸甲酯分析技术研究了江汉平原沉湖湖心滩G1与湖岸G2两沉积柱中微生物群落结构的垂直分布特征及其环境指示意义.结果表明：微生物脂肪酸含量与特征脂肪酸分布特征在浅层（<5m）波动较大,且与深层（5~20m）差异明显;好氧细菌、一般厌氧细菌与革兰氏阳性菌占主要优势,其相对丰度高出深层约一倍.G1位点偏还原环境,其硫酸盐还原菌及其他厌氧细菌的相对丰度与环境胁迫压力（Trans/Cis）均高于G2;与溶氧相关的环境因子,如粒径、深度等是影响其微生物群落组成的关键因子.G2位点水动力条件较强,脂肪酸总量与好氧微生物的相对优势均高于G1,而深层沉积物中总氮、N/P偏低,微生物群落组成主要受碳氮营养源,特别是氮含量的影响.为评估人类活动带来的氮磷污染对湖泊深层微生物的影响提供新的认识.     

污水厂二级出水中抗生素抗性细菌的紫外灭活与复活特性

抗生素抗性细菌(ARB)作为新兴污染物受到了广泛关注,但紫外线(UV)消毒对ARB去除效果的研究尚不够充分。以某城市污水处理厂过滤后的二级出水为研究对象,通过分析UV消毒前后水中四环素、氨苄西林、氯霉素及链霉素抗性细菌丰度的变化,探究了UV消毒对ARB的去除作用及ARB的光复活与暗修复潜能。结果表明:UV对过滤后二级出水中的4种ARB具有一定灭活能力,4种ARB对UV消毒的耐受能力由高到低分别为:氨苄西林抗性细菌>四环素抗性细菌>链霉素抗性细菌≈氯霉素抗性细菌。当UV消毒剂量为20 mJ/cm2时,氯霉素与链霉素抗性细菌可被完全灭活,消毒后24 h内,这2种ARB未出现光复活或暗修复现象,这一剂量的UV不能完全灭活氨苄西林与四环素抗性细菌,且被灭活后的ARB可实现部分光复活及暗修复。当UV消毒剂量达到80 mJ/cm2时,这4种ARB均被全部灭活,消毒后6 h内,氨苄西林抗性细菌出现了复活现象。不论是在光照还是避光的条件下,UV消毒24 h后水中的总异养菌群中有超过70.32%的细菌对氨苄西林具有抗性,因此,单独UV消毒并不能有效地控制ARB从污水处理厂向环境中的传播。     

基于“3A”理论的高职高专院校学生英语学习的研究

结合英语教学实践,依据Leo van Lier的意识原则(Awareness)和自主性原则(Autonomy),对高职高专院校英语专业学生进行了问卷调查。调查结果显示,高职高专院校英语专业学生的英语学习意识薄弱,动机不强。3A理论的启示是:发挥学生的主体作用,树立学生的语言学习意识,调动学生学习英语的主观能动性。     

Optimal conditions of Al and Fe extraction from laterite soil using D-optimal design

This paper reports pioneering work in identifying an alternative coagulation agent of wastewater treatment, given the availability of commonly used agents are of a higher cost relative to more natural sources, such as soil. The alternative proposed is laterite soil from northern Malaysia because it contains high amounts of Al and Fe, which are well-known coagulants. The soil was grinded and sieved to obtain uniform particle sizes of <250???m. Al and Fe were extracted from the soil. Extraction agents: (1) HCl, (2) NaOH, and (3) HCl?+?NaCl were chosen. It was found that the most effective agent to extract Fe was 5?N HCl while to extract Al was HCl?+?NaCl, 2 and 4?N, respectively. D-optimal design observed that extraction time t, temperature T, and ratio of amount of laterite soil to amount of extractants r, showed a significant effect on Al extraction. In contrast, the combination of factors t and r exhibited insignificant effect on Fe extraction while other factors were significant. The optimum conditions for extraction of both Al and Fe were 90?°C, 40?min, for r?=?1:15, which gave [Fe]?=?1,870?mg/l and [Al]?=?0.17?mg/l and 90?°C, 90?min, for r?=?1:10, which gave [Fe]?=?2,900?mg/l and [Al]?=?0.130?mg/l. Since concentration of Fe extracted from laterite soil was high, it was concluded that laterite soil can be considered as an alternative and novel source of coagulant applicable in a wastewater treatment coagulation process.     

A grey-relation-based method (GRM) for thermogravimetric (TG) data analysis

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Thermogravimetric analyzer was applied to analyze 22 solid materials and their mixtures at a heating rate of 10&nbsp;K&nbsp;min−1...     

Role of economic growth and innovative technologies in the outlook of energy and environmental efficiency: a way forward for developing Asian economies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy consumption is widely regarded as the primary driver of economic development and environmental degradation. The current study examines how...