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Wenying Chen Yves-Michel Le Nindre Ruina Xu Delphine Allier Fei Teng Kim Domptail Xing Xiang Laura Guillon Jiyong Chen Lingyan Huang Rongshu Zeng 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2010,4(2):341-350
A method, based on spatial analysis of the different criteria to be taken into consideration for building scenarios of CO2 capture and storage (CCS), has been developed and applied to real case studies in the Hebei province. Totally 88 point sources (42 from power sector, 9 from iron and steel, 18 from cement, 16 from ammonia, and 3 from oil refinery) are estimated and their total emission amounts to 231.7 MtCO2/year with power, iron and steel, cement, ammonia and oil refinery sharing 59.13%, 25.03%, 11.44%, 3.5%, and 0.91%, respectively. Storage opportunities can be found in Hebei province, characterised by a strong tectonic subsidence during the Tertiary, with several kilometres of accumulated clastic sediments. Carbon storage potential for 25 hydrocarbon fields selected from the Huabei complex is estimated as 215 MtCO2 with optimistic assumption that all recovered hydrocarbon could be replaced by an equivalent volume of CO2 at reservoir conditions. Storage potential for aquifers in the Miocene Guantao formation is estimated as 747 MtCO2 if closed aquifer assumed or 371 MtCO2 if open aquifer and single highly permeable horizon assumed. Due to poor knowledge on deep hydrogeology and to pressure increase in aquifer, injecting very high rates requested by the major CO2 sources (>10 MtCO2/year) is the main challenge, therefore piezometry and discharge must be carefully controlled. A source sink matching model using ArcGIS software is designed to find the least-cost pathway and to estimate transport route and cost accounting for the additional costs of pipeline construction due to landform and land use. Source sink matching results show that only 15–25% of the emissions estimated for the 88 sources can be sequestrated into the hydrocarbon fields and the aquifers if assuming sinks should be able to accommodate at least 15 years of the emissions of a given source. 相似文献
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G. Shi Z. Chen C. Bi J. Teng S. Xu 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(3):694-703
A set of toxic metals, i.e. As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr, in urban and suburban SDSs were investigated comparatively in the biggest metropolitan area of China, Shanghai. Results showed that all of the metals except As were accumulated greatly, much higher than background values. Geo-accumulation index indicated that metal contamination in urban SDSs was generally heavier than that in suburban SDSs. Potential ecological risk index demonstrated that overall risks caused by metals were considerable. Cd contributed 52% to the overall risk. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that in urban SDSs, Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr were related to traffic and industry; coal combustion led to elevated levels of Hg; soil parent materials controlled As contents. In suburban SDSs, Pb, Cu, As and Cd largely originated from traffic pollution; Zn, Ni and Cr were associated with industrial contaminants; Hg was mainly from domestic solid waste. 相似文献
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以68台燃油锅炉(≤10~MW)NOx排放实测数据为基础,通过统计分析方法,研究了NOx的排放特征;通过对比分析,探讨了我国燃油锅炉NOx排放控制与管理现状,讨论了进一步加强我国燃油锅炉NOx排放管理控制的可能性与可行性,并提出了相应的管理控制建议。结果表明,NOx平均排放浓度为318.2mg/m^3,基于燃料消耗量的平均排放因子为4.4kg/t,基于燃料发热量的平均排放因子为102.8ng/J,基于燃料氮含量的平均排放因子为2.1mg/mg;建议采取分阶段控制的方式,逐步提高NOx排放限制,从而实现控源减排目标。 相似文献
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Occurrence and distribution of heavy metals and tetracyclines in agricultural soils after typical land use change in east China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Longhhua Wu Xia Pan Like Chen Yujuan Huang Ying Teng Yongming Luo Peter Christie 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(12):8342-8354
Land use in east China tends to change from paddy rice to vegetables or other high-value cash crops, resulting in high input rates of organic manures and increased risk of contamination with both heavy metals (HMs) and antibiotics. This investigation was conducted to determine the accumulation, distribution and risks of HMs and tetracyclines (TCs) in surface soils and profiles receiving different amounts of farmyard manure. Soil samples collected from suburbs of Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province were introduced to represent three types of land use change from paddy rice to asparagus production, vineyards and field mustard cultivation, and divided into two portions, one of which was air-dried and sieved through 2-, 0.3- and 0.149-mm nylon mesh for determination of pH and heavy metals. The other portion was frozen at ?20 °C, freeze-dried and sieved through a 0.3-mm nylon mesh for tetracyline determination. HM and TC concentrations in surface soils of 14-year-old mustard fields were the highest with total Cu, Zn, Cd and ∑TCs of 50.5, 196, 1.03 mg?kg?1 and 22.9 μg?kg?1, respectively, on average. The total Cu sequence was field mustard?>?vineyards?>?asparagus when duration of land use change was considered; oxytetracycline (OTC) and doxycycline were dominant in soils used for asparagus production; OTC was dominant in vineyards and chlortetracycline (CTC) was dominant in mustard soils. There were positive pollution relationships among Cu, Zn and ∑TCs, especially between Cu and Zn or Cu and ∑TCs. Repeated and excessive application of manures from intensive farming systems may produce combined contamination with HMs and TCs which were found in the top 20 cm of the arable soil profiles and also extended to 20–40 cm depth. Increasing manure application rate and cultivation time led to continuing increases in residue concentrations and movement down the soil profile. 相似文献
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工业废水中多金属离子的吸附净化 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
以含有Si、Al、Ca、C元素的矿物材料作为基质,经特定条件处理后造粒成型加工成轻质多孔Si-Al-Ca-C结构的吸附材料。研究了该吸附材料对工业废水中多种金属离子的吸附性能,探讨了影响吸附性能的因素。研究结果表明,在一定条件下,Si-Al-Ca-C吸附材料对工业废水中Al3+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Cu2+、Fe3+、Mg2+、As3+和Zn2+的净化率分别高达99.34%、99.82%、98.26%、98.16%、97.76%、97.01%、100%和89.09%。金属离子残留浓度分别为0.152、0.07、0.012、0.02、0.119、0.311、0和0.259 mg/L,均低于国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准。 相似文献
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生物强化修复石油污染土壤 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
筛选高效石油降解菌,考察菌株的降解性能及降解机理,进行花盆模拟高效外源菌强化修复石油污染土壤实验,在降解后期添加激活剂H2O2以及木屑来试图改善微生物的修复环境,减缓微生物的衰亡,并考察修复效果。结果表明,菌株L-1的降解效果较好,其对pH和温度有较大范围的适应性,能分泌较多的表面活性物质,细胞疏水性较强。将其应用于土壤修复中,经过50 d的修复,石油残留率达到50.6%左右,生物强化比自然修复残留率降低了8%左右。在第45天添加激活剂能有效改善修复效果,70 d时添加外源菌的土样最小石油残留率达到37.9%。 相似文献
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垂直流人工湿地水力学特性研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
通过示踪剂实验从停留时间分布(RTD)曲线及其统计特征值等方面对垂直流人工湿地的水力学特性进行了定性和定量的分析。研究表明水流在垂直流人工湿地中的流动是一种非理想的不均匀流动,存在一定的死区和水流的扩散;垂直流人工湿地较大的死区率与其表面布水的不均匀性有关,这也可能是其死区率大于表流人工湿地的最主要的原因。实验还表明,进水流量对垂直流人工湿地停留时间分布影响较大,随着进水流量的增加,平均停留时间减小,但标准平均停留时间增大,死区率减小;当进水流量为15L/h(水力负荷为620mm/d)时,水流在湿地中的散度最大,水流更接近全混流,不利于污染物的降解。 相似文献