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231.
Teresa Fidélis Teresa Carvalho 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2015,58(7):1173-1195
Estuarine areas often concentrate complex and conflicting sets of natural, economic and social resources and activities with multiple challenges to planning and management approaches as well as to governance practices. Using a set of integration factors depicted from the literature review, the paper analyzes the main features of the new set of the Portuguese estuary types of plans and assesses their potential added value, while focusing the analysis on the estuary of the Vouga River (Ria de Aveiro). The results are twofold. On the one side, their uniqueness, by treating the estuary as a planning unit, integrating the water resources and the land use planning systems and by establishing mandatory rules for the estuary uses, embodies relevant potential for reducing boundary tensions and to improve integrative approaches. On the other side, while at the level of plan content the contribution of the Portuguese Estuary Land Use and Management Plans (Planos de Ordenamento de Estuário) legislation brings strong new prospects for integration, at the level of planning process and implementation, further efforts should be undertaken. Their added value, especially in complex institutional and societal estuarine contexts, such as the Ria de Aveiro, strongly depends on more robust participation schemes through which knowledge, institutions, aims and measures are articulated in a collective vision and shared governance process. 相似文献
232.
Iván N. Pérez-Maldonado Antonio Trejo-Acevedo Sandra Teresa Orta-García Ángeles C. Ochoa-Martinez José Antonio Varela-Silva Francisco Javier Pérez-Vázquez 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):87-93
The aim of this study was to assess the levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) in the blood of children living in the southeastern region of Mexico. In this study, we found high levels of DDT and its principal metabolite (DDE) in the blood of children residing in the communities studied. The levels of total DDT found in our study ranged from 4,676.4 ng/g lipid to 64,245.2 ng/g lipid. All of the children in the study had detectable levels of DDT and/or DDE. In conclusion, our data indicate that children living within the study areas are exposed to high levels of DDT and DDE. Moreover, these results can be used as a trigger to revisit local policies on environmental exposures. 相似文献
233.
Pedro Lorite Xulio Maside Olivia Sanllorente María I. Torres Georges Periquet Teresa Palomeque 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2012,99(12):1007-1020
To date, only three types of full-length mariner elements have been described in ants, each one in a different genus of the Myrmicinae subfamily: Sinvmar was isolated from various Solenopsis species, Myrmar from Myrmica ruginodis, and Mboumar from Messor bouvieri. In this study, we report the coexistence of three mariner elements (Tnigmar-Si, Tnigmar-Mr, and Tnigmar-Mb) in the genome of a single species, Tapinoma nigerrimum (subfamily Dolichoderinae). Molecular evolutionary analyses of the nucleotide sequence data revealed a general agreement between the evolutionary history of most the elements and the ant species that harbour them, and suggest that they are at the vertical inactivation stage of the so-called Mariner Life Cycle. In contrast, significantly reduced levels of synonymous divergence between Mboumar and Tnigmar-Mb and between Myrmar and Botmar (a mariner element isolated from Bombus terrestris), relative to those observed between their hosts, suggest that these elements arrived to the species that host them by horizontal transfer, long after the species?? split. The horizontal transfer events for the two pairs of elements could be roughly dated within the last 2 million years and about 14 million years, respectively. As would be expected under this scenario, the coding sequences of the youngest elements, Tnigmar-Mb and Mboumar, are intact and, thus, potentially functional. Each mariner element has a different chromosomal distribution pattern according to their stage within the Mariner Life Cycle. Finally, a new defective transposable element (Azteca) has also been found inserted into the Tnigmar-Mr sequences showing that the ant genomes have been invaded by at least four different types of mariner elements. 相似文献
234.
235.
Nuriye N. Sahin-Hodoglugil Billie R. Lianoglou Sara Ackerman Teresa N. Sparks Mary E. Norton 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(11):1394-1405
Objective
There is increasing evidence supporting the clinical utility of next generation sequencing for identifying fetal genetic disorders. However, there are limited data on the demand for and accessibility of these tests, as well as payer coverage in the prenatal context. We sought to identify clinician perspectives on the utility of prenatal exome sequencing (ES) and on equitable access to genomic technologies for the care of pregnancies complicated by fetal structural anomalies.Method
We conducted two focus group discussions and six interviews with a total of 13 clinicians (11 genetic counselors; 2 Maternal Fetal Medicine/Geneticists) from U.S. academic centers and community clinics.Results
Participants strongly supported ES for prenatal diagnostic testing in pregnancies with fetal structural anomalies. Participants emphasized the value of prenatal ES as an opportunity for a continuum of care before, during, and after a pregnancy, not solely as informing decisions about abortions. Cost and coverage of the test was the main access barrier, and research was the main pathway to access ES in academic centers.Conclusion
Further integrating the perspectives of additional key stakeholders are important for understanding clinical utility, developing policies and practices to address access barriers, and assuring equitable provision of prenatal diagnostic testing. 相似文献236.
Carlos Rosas Edwin L. Cooper Cristina Pascual Roberto Brito Rolando Gelabert Teresa Moreno Ariadna Sánchez 《Marine Biology》2007,152(4):929-938
To assess the health status of aquatic ecosystems, specialized tools and strategies are needed to study the changes induced
in oceanic systems by human activity. The Gulf of Mexico has a tremendous ecological importance because of its biological
diversity. The present paper defines baseline levels of blood metabolites and immune components for wild tropical populations
of F. duorarum: an important shrimp species of the Gulf of Mexico. Osmotic pressure (OP), osmotic capability (OC), oxy hemocyanin (OxyHc),
glucose, digestive gland glycogen, proteins, cholesterol, lactate, acylglycerols (AG) were used as indicators of physiological
and nutritional status; phenoloxidase activity, quantification of hemocytes, as well as respiratory burst, were used to assess
the immunological status. There were no differences between sexes in either live weight or physiological and nutritional conditions.
Only total blood protein, oxy hemocyanin, and digestive gland glycogen showed normally distributed data. All the remaining
blood parameters were right- or left-skewed. A median live weight of 9.5 g was registered for the sampled population. Median
values of 955 and −91.85 mOsm/kg (OP and OC, respectively) were obtained, indicating that shrimp were slightly hypo-osmotic
in relation to sea water. A proportion of 27% of OxyHc of the total protein (OxyHc/Prot) was calculated for the F. duorarum population. ProPO and PO showed no normal distribution and were not different between sexes. A right-skewed distribution was
observed. Total hemocytes, hyaline (HC) and granular cells (GC) showed differences between sexes, with higher values in females
than males. A similar proportion of HC (69%) and GC (30%) of total cells were observed between sexes. Basal and activated
respiratory burst showed differences between sexes with higher values for females than for males. The current results provide
indicators of the nutritional and immune status of F. duorarum that can be used to detect changes in trophic relations and health at a population level. 相似文献
237.
Susanne Klammer Brigitte Knapp Heribert Insam Maria Teresa Dell'Abate Margarita Ros 《Waste management & research》2008,26(2):173-187
During composting, the degradation of organic waste is accompanied and driven by a succession of microbial populations exhibiting a broad range of functional capabilities. Detailed inventories of the microbial communities in mature compost, however, are not available. Mature composts, originating from biowaste as well as sewage sludge and anaerobic sludge, were studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis-fingerprints after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA genes using three different universal primer pairs, as well as by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. The composts of different origin had different bacterial communities. The influence of different 16S rDNA primer sets on the same batches of compost DNA was evaluated. The clearest separation of different compost types was obtained by using the PCR primer pair 338f + 518r which is suggested for future applications. Communities from the different biowaste compost samples clustered together and could be separated from sewage sludge communities indicating the establishment of different microbial consortia. A similar differentiation of composts was found with the thermogavimetric analyses. It may thus be concluded that the resulting humus quality is closely linked to the microbial communities involved. 相似文献
238.
Luz Ruggieri Erasmo Cadena Julia Martínez-Blanco Carles M. Gasol Joan Rieradevall Xavier Gabarrell Teresa Gea Xavier Sort Antoni Sánchez 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(9):830-838
The main organic wastes produced in modern wine industries include grape pomace (62%), lees (14%), stalk (12%) and dewatered sludge (12%). Some of these wastes are being used as by-products (grape pomace and lees) whereas the rest of organic wastes (stalk and wastewater sludge) has been traditionally incinerated or disposed in landfill. In this work, composting is proposed for the recovery of stalk and wastewater sludge to produce a sanitized organic amendment for application in the vineyard, closing the organic matter cycle. The environmental and economical analyses of the different alternatives to manage organic wastes from the wine industry are also presented. Composting costs are almost negligible when compared to other management options. From the environmental point of view, in-situ composting presents the best performance in 8 of the 10 impact categories analysed. Finally, the energy balance shows that the 4 composting systems involved less energy than the systems based on Mineral Fertilizer consumption. 相似文献
239.
Teresa Carvalho Fernando Durão Célia Ferreira 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(11):2209-2215
The objective of the research was to apply froth flotation to separate post-consumer PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) from other packaging plastics with similar density, in a continuously operated pilot plant. A representative sample composed of 85% PET, 2.5% PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) and 11.9% PS (Polystyrene) was subjected to a combination of alkaline treatment and surfactant adsorption followed by froth flotation. A mineral processing pilot plant, owned by a Portuguese mining company, was adapted for this purpose. The experimentation showed that it is possible to produce an almost pure concentrate of PET, containing 83% of the PET in feed, in a single bank of mechanical flotation cells. The concentrate grade attained was 97.2% PET, 1.1% PVC and 1.1% PS. By simulation it was shown that the Portuguese recycling industry specifications can be attained if one cleaning and one scavenger stages are added to the circuit. 相似文献
240.
Luminescence in the oxidation of isoproterenol by the superoxide anion radical in dimethyl sulfoxide
Chemiluminescence appearing during oxidation of isoproterenol using chemical system involving superoxide anion radical has been studied. Chemiluminescence and fluorescence spectra were measured. The chemiluminescence spectrum was measured with cut‐off filters and revealed bands with maximum at 440, 480, 550, 640 and 700 nm. The bands at 480, 640 and 700 nm were similar to those observed for singlet oxygen. The fluorescence spectrum exhibited maximum at 560 nm. The inhibitory effect of several biologically important compounds known as O2 ?‐ HO? and 1O2 scavengers on the light emission was studied. The obtained results indicate that oxidation of isoproterenol by O2 ?‐ involves products in the electronically excited states. The data also seem to indicate the protective effect of isoproterenol on the deoxyribose degradation. 相似文献