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281.
Cafer Turgut Teresa J. Cutright Serhan Mermer Levent Atatanir Nalan Turgut Melis Usluy Oktay Erdogan 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(2):1087-1093
The concentration and impact of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT) and its metabolites (DDE: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene) on the environment was expected to decrease after its ban in the mid-1980s. Unfortunately, DDT contamination via its presence as an impurity in dicofol (2,2,2-trichloro-1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol) has led to a new source of contamination. This is particularly true especially in cotton production in Söke Plain, Turkey, where difocol-based pesticides are being used. The aim of this research was to investigate the extent and source of DDT contamination in cotton soils. Söke Plain soil samples were collected from 0–30, 30–60, and 60–90-cm depth and analyzed by GC/MS/MS. o,p′-DDT and p, p′-DDE were detected at 16.2 % and 17.6 % of the sites in the 0–30-cm depth of soils. In the 30–60 cm, p, p′-DDT (14.9 %), o, p′-DDE (8.1 %) and p, p′-DDE (2.7 %) were found in soil samples, and p, p′-DDT was the most prevalent with 9.5 % of the sampling sites. The dominant source of DDT particularly in the 60–90-cm depth was due to historic use of DDT. The presence of p, p′-DDE, o, p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT in the topsoil was attributed to recent dicofol applications. 相似文献
282.
David A. Rubinos María Teresa Barral 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(11):7787-7802
Red mud (RM) is a strongly alkaline residue generated in enormous amounts worldwide from bauxite refining using the Bayer chemical process. RM is composed mainly of Fe, Ti and Al oxides and hydroxides, but it also contains an array of trace metals and metalloids at different concentrations. The purpose of this paper is to assess the potential mobility of metals in RM, with special emphasis on pH effect. The ‘operational’ distribution and leachability of metals within/from RM was studied by applying a sequential extraction procedure (SEP) and several leaching tests (rapid titration, equilibration acidification, batch leaching with acetic acid and also the toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) and the DIN 38414-S4 procedures, used as reference methods) carried out at different pH, solid/liquid ratio, extraction period and type of acid (HCl or acetic acid). Chemical analysis showed that, in addition to the major metals Fe, Al and Ti, RM contains several trace metals, some of them (Cr, Cu and Ni) in concentrations exceeding the regulatory limits. SEP showed that a majority of the metals in the RM (between the 32.2?±?8.5 for Cd and 95.3?±?0.4 % for Ni) were found in the residual fraction, suggesting that they are not readily mobile under normal environmental conditions. Leaching tests performed at different pH showed that a significant fraction of the metals is mobilised from RM only under very strong acid conditions (pH?<?2), whereas Al is released in considerable amounts at pH?<?5.3. Among the trace metals, Cr requires special attention because of its relative high concentration in RM and the higher concentrations of this metal mobilised at low pH. The leaching tests using acetic acid showed that the standard TCLP largely underestimates the release of trace metals from RM, and therefore it is not advisable to evaluate the actual potential leaching of trace metals from this residue. 相似文献
283.
Cristina Quintelas Filomena Costa Teresa Tavares 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(3):1374-1383
The performance of two bacteria, Arthrobacter viscosus and Streptococcus equisimilis, and the effect of the interaction of these bacteria with four different clays on the retention of diethylketone were investigated in batch experiments. The uptake, the removal percentages and the kinetics of the processes were determined. S. equisimilis, by itself, had the best performance in terms of removal percentage, for all the initial diethylketone concentrations tested: 200, 350 and 700 mg/L. The uptake values are similar for both bacteria. A possible mechanism to explain the removal of diethylketone includes its degradation by bacteria, followed by the adsorption of the intermediates/sub-products by the functional groups present on the cells' surfaces. The assays performed with bacteria and clays indicated that the uptake values are similar despite of the clay used, for the same microorganism and mass of clay, but in general, higher values are reached when S. equisimilis is used, compared to A. viscosus. Kinetic data were described by pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models. 相似文献
284.
Harry Freeman Teresa Harten Johnny Springer Paul Randall Mary Ann Curran Kenneth Stone 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(5):618-656
Abstract Pyrolytic product distribution rates and pyrolysis behavior of tire-derived fuels (TDF) were investigated using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) techniques. A TGA was designed and built to investigate the behavior and products of pyrolysis of typical TDF specimens. The fundamental knowledge of TGA analysis and principal fuel analysis are applied in this study. Thermogravimetry of the degradation temperature of the TDF confirms the overall decomposition rate of the volatile products during the depolymerization reaction. The principal fuel analysis (proximate and ultimate analysis) of the pyrolytic char products show the correlation of volatilization into the gas and liquid phases and the existence of fixed carbon and other compounds that remain as a solid char. The kinetic parameters were calculated using least square with minimizing sum of error square technique. The results show that the average kinetic parameters of TDF are the activation energy, E = 1322 ± 244 kJ/mol, a pre-exponential constant of A = 2.06 ± 3.47 × 1010 min?1, and a reaction order n = 1.62 ± 0.31. The model-predicted rate equations agree with the experimental data. The overall TDF weight conversion represents the carbon weight conversion in the sample. 相似文献
285.
286.
Frequent business travel can be a burden for travelers' work and private life. We tested whether preventive coping (the proactive accumulation of resources in advance of potential stressors) makes such trips beneficial despite their potential to be stressful. In a longitudinal three‐wave study, we investigated whether frequent travel relates to an increase or decrease in work–life balance, emotional exhaustion, work engagement, and relationship satisfaction depending on preventive coping. Findings from a sample of 133 frequent business travelers revealed significant indirect effects for emotional exhaustion, work engagement, and relationship satisfaction through work–life balance. Among employees who engaged less in preventive coping, a higher number of business trips was related to a decrease in work–life balance, which, in turn, was related to more emotional exhaustion, less work engagement, and lower relationship satisfaction. Among those who reported higher preventive coping, we found opposing indirect effects: Frequent travel was related to an increase in work–life balance and, in turn, to less emotional exhaustion, more work engagement, and higher relationship satisfaction. These findings advance our knowledge in the field of business travel, future‐oriented coping, and work–life balance. They highlight that travelers and their organizations should resort to preventive coping to make frequent travel more beneficial. 相似文献
287.
Miguel Costa Leal Cristóv?o Nunes Daniel Alexandre Teresa Lopes da Silva Alberto Reis Maria Teresa Dinis Ricardo Calado 《Marine Biology》2012,159(8):1745-1751
Aeolidiella stephanieae is a stenophagous tropical nudibranch that feeds exclusively on glass anemones of the genus Aiptasia. These sea anemones usually harbour endosymbiotic photosynthetic dinoflagellates that contribute to the nutrition of their host by providing photosynthetates, such as fatty acids (FA). The present work determined the effect of parental diets on the FA profile of A. stephanieae embryos by feeding breeding pairs of this nudibranch with either symbiotic or aposymbiotic A. pallida. Contrasting FA profiles, namely in the levels of palmitic acid (16:0) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), were recorded for both parental diets and egg masses produced by nudibranchs eating either symbiotic or aposymbiotic A. pallida. Noteworthy effects of parental dietary FAs on egg masses were also observed, particularly for DHA, which is mainly synthetized by the endosymbionts of A. pallida. Additionally, the present study also highlights how bleaching events may promote cascading effects on the nutrition of marine species with a stenophagous diet, such as A. stephanieae. 相似文献
288.
Ricardo Calado Tânia Pimentel Daniel F. R. Cleary Gisela Dionísio Cristóvão Nunes Teresa Lopes da Silva Maria Teresa Dinis Alberto Reis 《Marine Biology》2010,157(11):2427-2434
Larval decapods are commonly produced in captivity and employed in experiments to evaluate interspecific physiological and
biochemical differences. Currently, it is still unknown if different decapod species provided a common diet and exposed to
identical abiotic conditions produce newly hatched larvae (NHL) with similar fatty acid (FA) profiles. This study analyzed
the FA composition of NHL from five marine shrimp species (Lysmata amboinensis, L. boggessi, L. debelius, L. seticaudata and Rhynchocinetes durbanensis) fed a common diet and stocked at constant temperature. FA profiles of NHL differed significantly within and among genera.
NHL from species unable to molt from zoea I to zoea II in the absence of food (L. amboinensis, L. debelius and R. durbanensis) displayed the lowest FA contents. Researchers must be aware that providing a common diet to different species, even if closely
related, may not standardize the FA profile of NHL produced in captivity. 相似文献
289.
Teresa J. Rothausen 《组织行为杂志》1999,20(6):817-836
Interest in the impact of family on work has grown in recent years; family is emerging as a significant source of understanding work attitudes and behaviors. However, no consensus and little discussion exists regarding how organizational researchers should define and measure ‘family’. In this article, I reviewed the definitions of family in other literatures and those implied by measures of family used in organizational research on work attitudes and behaviors. Analysis revealed five substantive themes in the measurement of family by organizational researchers: perceptions about the importance of the family role to the individual, attitudes toward family, numbers and types of dependents, the role played in the family, and the support available from family members. I then discussed the need for a comprehensive measure of dependents, and developed a new measure, Responsibility for Dependents (RFD). I examined the five types of measures empirically, and discussed empirical and conceptual differences between measures of family. Finally, I addressed issues regarding the measurement of family for organizational research, including the need for more inclusive and diverse measures and the need for further research. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
290.
Hamilton Rebecca A. Borcuch Teresa Allen Simon J. Cioffi William R. Bucci Vanni Krützen Michael Connor Richard C. 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2019,73(10):1-10
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology - In many species, outcomes of male duels determine access to females and, ultimately, male reproductive success. Ritualization of behavior in male contests can... 相似文献