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101.
Mauricio Molina-Roco Mauricio Escudey Mónica Antilén Nicolás Arancibia-Miranda Karen Manquián-Cerda 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2018,40(6):2491-2509
The frequent use of phosphorus (P) fertilisers accompanied by nitrogen and potassium sources may lead to a serious long-term environmental issue because of the presence of potentially hazardous trace metals (TM) in P fertilisers and unknown effects on the TM chemical fractions in agricultural soils. A 16-month-long column experiment was conducted to investigate the mobility and chemical forms of Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Zn introduced into a Mollisol and an Andisol through surface incorporation (0–2 cm) of triple superphosphate (TSP) fertiliser. The effects of urea and potassium chloride (KCl) applications were investigated as well. After 15 cycles of 300-mm irrigation, TSP addition increased the 4 M HNO3 extractable TM concentration in the upper (0–5 cm) section of soils. Beyond this depth, metals showed no significant mobility, with minimal leaching losses (<?1.9%, 25-cm depth). The TM chemical forms in the 0–5 cm section were significantly (p?<?0.01) affected by the soil type and fertilisers addition. Cadmium, Ni, and Zn were the elements which appeared in a larger proportion (up to 30%) in the most labile fraction (KNO3 extractable) in fertilised soils. The impact of urea depended on the nitrification-related changes in soil pH, while fertilisation with KCl tended to increase the KNO3 fraction of most metals probably due to K+ exchange reactions. Chromium remained minimally affected by the urea and KCl applications since this contaminant is strongly bound to the less labile solid phases. The low mobility of TM was governed mainly by their interaction with the solid phases rather than by their speciation at soil pH. The mass balance showed that the geochemical processes underwent in time by the P fertiliser increased the amount of TM extracted by the chemical fractionation scheme, therefore the reaction period of TSP with soil particles should be taken into account for evaluating TM availability. Long-term soil fertilisation could inadvertently contribute to an increased concentration and availability of these P fertilisers-born contaminants in the cultivated layer of acidic soils. 相似文献
102.
Chihuahuan Desert kangaroo rats: nonlinear effects of population dynamics, competition, and rainfall 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using long-term data on two kangaroo rats in the Chihuahuan Desert of North America, we fitted logistic models including the exogenous effects of seasonal rainfall patterns. Our aim was to test the effects of intraspecific interactions and seasonal rainfall in explaining and predicting the numerical fluctuations of these two kangaroo rats. We found that logistic models fit both data sets quite well; Dipodomys merriami showed lower maximum per capita growth rates than Dipodomys ordii, and in both cases logistic models were nonlinear. Summer rainfall appears to be the most important exogenous effect for both rodent populations; models including this variable were able to predict independent data better than models including winter rainfall. D. merriami was also negatively affected by another kangaroo rat (Dipodomys spectabilis), consistent with previous experimental evidence. We hypothesized that summer rainfall influences the carrying capacity of the environment by affecting seed availability and the intensity of intraspecific competition. 相似文献
103.
Detecting the order of population dynamics from time series: nonlinearity causes spurious diagnosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Partial autocorrelation and partial rate correlation functions are frequently used to detect the order of the endogenous process generating an observed population time series. Here we uncover a problem with this approach: the diagnosis of spurious second order autocorrelation due to strong nonlinearity in a first order endogenous process, as exemplified by time series data from a population of Soay sheep. Causes and a possible solution are discussed. 相似文献
104.
Fernandes Tiago A. Mendo Sofia G. Ferreira Liliana P. Neng Nuno R. Oliveira M. Conceição Gil Adrià Carvalho Maria Deus Monteiro Olinda C. Nogueira José M. F. Calhorda Maria José 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(14):17228-17243
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The increased use of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) has contributed to the contamination of water systems and put pressure on the... 相似文献
105.
Lori H. Schwacke Tiago A. Marques Len Thomas Cormac G. Booth Brian C. Balmer Ashley Barratclough Kathleen Colegrove Sylvain De Guise Lance P. Garrison Forrest M. Gomez Jeanine S. Morey Keith D. Mullin Brian M. Quigley Patricia E. Rosel Teresa K. Rowles Ryan Takeshita Forrest I. Townsend Todd R. Speakman Randall S. Wells Eric S. Zolman Cynthia R. Smith 《Conservation biology》2022,36(4):e13878
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill exposed common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, Louisiana to heavy oiling that caused increased mortality and chronic disease and impaired reproduction in surviving dolphins. We conducted photographic surveys and veterinary assessments in the decade following the spill. We assigned a prognostic score (good, fair, guarded, poor, or grave) for each dolphin to provide a single integrated indicator of overall health, and we examined temporal trends in prognostic scores. We used expert elicitation to quantify the implications of trends for the proportion of the dolphins that would recover within their lifetime. We integrated expert elicitation, along with other new information, in a population dynamics model to predict the effects of observed health trends on demography. We compared the resulting population trajectory with that predicted under baseline (no spill) conditions. Disease conditions persisted and have recently worsened in dolphins that were presumably exposed to DWH oil: 78% of those assessed in 2018 had a guarded, poor, or grave prognosis. Dolphins born after the spill were in better health. We estimated that the population declined by 45% (95% CI 14–74) relative to baseline and will take 35 years (95% CI 18–67) to recover to 95% of baseline numbers. The sum of annual differences between baseline and injured population sizes (i.e., the lost cetacean years) was 30,993 (95% CI 6607–94,148). The population is currently at a minimum point in its recovery trajectory and is vulnerable to emerging threats, including planned ecosystem restoration efforts that are likely to be detrimental to the dolphins’ survival. Our modeling framework demonstrates an approach for integrating different sources and types of data, highlights the utility of expert elicitation for indeterminable input parameters, and emphasizes the importance of considering and monitoring long-term health of long-lived species subject to environmental disasters. Article impact statement: Oil spills can have long-term consequences for the health of long-lived species; thus, effective restoration and monitoring are needed. 相似文献
106.
Oedekoven Cornelia S. Marques Tiago A. Harris Danielle Thomas Len Thode Aaron M. Blackwell Susanna B. Conrad Alexander S. Kim Katherine H. 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2022,29(1):101-125
Environmental and Ecological Statistics - Various methods for estimating animal density from visual data, including distance sampling (DS) and spatially explicit capture-recapture (SECR), have... 相似文献
107.
Overexploitation is the second biggest driver of global plant extinction. Meanwhile, useful plant species are vital to livelihoods across the world, with global conservation efforts increasingly applying the concept of ‘conservation-through-use.’ However, successfully balancing conservation and biodiversity use remains challenging. We reviewed literature on the sustainability of wild-collected plant use across the countries of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia—a region of global importance for its biological and cultural richness. After applying defined search terms and a two-stage screening process, 68 articles were reviewed. The numbers which reported sustainable, unsustainable, or context-dependent outcomes were relatively even, but national differences emerged. Through narrative synthesis, we identified five key, reoccurring themes: plant biology; land tenure; knowledge, resource, and capacity; economics and market pressures; and institutional structures, policy, and legislation. Our results show the need for flexible, context-specific approaches and the importance of collaboration, with bottom-up management and conservation methods involving local communities and traditional ecological knowledge often proving most effective. Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01529-7. 相似文献
108.
de Oliveira Paulo Renato Souza Trugilho Paulo Fernando de Oliveira Tiago Jose Pires 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(6):8559-8559
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1007/s11356-021-16529-z 相似文献
109.
Tschoeke Isabelle Cristine Prohmann Fraga Tiago José Marques da Silva Maryne Patrícia Costa e Souza Thibério Pinho Chinelate Gerla Castello Branco 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2023,25(5):2809-2821
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - In this work, biogas was synthesized from malt enriched-craft beer bagasse with the objective to generate clean energy. Thus, a kinetic model based... 相似文献
110.
de Oliveira Paulo Renato Souza Trugilho Paulo Fernando de Oliveira Tiago José Pires 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(6):8549-8558
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Agro-industries, leveraged by the high demand of acai products, promote environmental impact through the generation of wastes in several locals in... 相似文献