γ-Al_2O_3负载Ni、Fe催化剂同时脱硫脱硝

采用浸渍法制备了不同负载量的Ni(x)Fe(y)/γ-AL2O3催化剂,通过XRD、H2-TPR、BET和SEM对催化剂进行表征,使用微型催化反应装置考察催化剂在以CO作为还原气时,同时脱硫脱硝的催化活性。结果表明,Ni O和Fe2O3做为活性组分可以很好地分散在γ-Al2O3载体上,并且不破坏其结构;Ni(8)Fe(2)/γ-Al2O3催化剂有最佳的脱硫脱硝活性,脱硫率达到96.55%,脱硝率达到97.92%。     

基于遥感技术的生态保护红线区域监测与评价

从生态保护红线区域监管需求出发,利用遥感技术建立生态保护红线区域监测方法,并采用生态保护红线区域自然生态系统构成及变化、生态景观平均斑块面积变化和NDVI植被指数变化3个评价指标,对江苏省盐城沿海地区2012-2013年各类型生态保护红线区域生态环境变化进行了评价.结果表明,水源水质保护和生物多样性保护红线区域生态环境质量综合指数相对较高;桑蚕品种多样性保护红线区域自然生态系统类型占比较低,生态景观较为破碎,生态环境质量综合指数相对较低;大部分生态红线区域生态环境质量保持稳定.     

Residue levels of hexachlorocyclohexane and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane in human milk collected from Beijing

Forty-eight human breast milk samples were collected from mothers in Beijing. The hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (including α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, o,p′-DDT, and p,p′-DDT) contents of the samples were determined by gas chromatography/electron capture detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, and p,p′-DDT were detected at rates of 20, 100, 10, 100, 10, and 22 %, respectively. The average residue levels in the samples were 174.6 ng/g fat for β-HCH, 333.8 ng/g fat for p,p′-DDE, 6.57 ng/g fat for α-HCH, 7.67 ng/g fat for γ-HCH, 4.18 ng/g fat for p,p′-DDD, and 11.4 ng/g fat for p,p′-DDT. The results showed that the infants’ daily intake levels of HCH and DDT were 0.95 and 1.76 μg/kg body weight/day, respectively. Our result suggested that the total residue level of these organochlorine pesticides in breast milk from Beijing decreased and was lower than that from other coastal and heavy industrial cities in China. On the other hand, the levels of HCH and DDT were higher than those from some developed countries, but lower than those from other developing countries such as India.     

杭州市大气污染物排放清单及特征

以杭州市区为研究区域,通过调查整合多套污染源数据库及其他统计资料,研究文献报道及模型计算的各种污染源排放因子,获得杭州市区各行业PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NOx、CO、VOCs、NH3等污染物的排放量,建立了杭州市区2010年1 km×1 km大气污染物排放清单。结果表明,2010年杭州市区PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NOx、CO、VOCs和NH3的排放总量分别为7.96×104、4.02×104、7.23×104、8.98×104、73.90×104、39.56×104、3.32×104t。从排放源的行业分布来看,机动车尾气排放是杭州市区大气污染物最重要排放源之一,对PM10、PM2.5、NOx、CO和VOCs的贡献分别达到14.4%、27.1%、40.3%、21.4%、31.1%。道路扬尘、电厂锅炉、工业炉窑、植被、畜禽养殖对不同污染物分别有着重要贡献,道路扬尘对PM10和PM2.5的贡献分别为44.6%和20.0%、电厂锅炉对SO2和NOx的贡献分别为37.0%和25.7%、工业炉窑对CO的贡献为41.5%、植被排放对VOCs的贡献为27.1%、畜禽养殖对NH3的贡献为76.5%。从空间分布来看,萧山区和余杭区对SO2、NH3和植被排放BVOC的贡献要显著高于主城区;而主城区机动车对PM2.5、NOx和VOCs的贡献分别达到36.3%、56.0%和47.4%,较市区范围内显著增加,表明机动车尾气排放已成为杭州主城区大气污染最重要的来源之一。     

北京市机动车尾气排放PM10组分特征研究

为提高机动车尾气排放可吸入颗粒物PM10成分谱的代表性和准确性,提出并采用在机动车尾气检测线上采用稀释通道采样器随机采集机动车排出PM10的采样方法。采集了591辆轻、重型汽油车和柴油车尾气排放PM10,测试并分析了颗粒物的27种组分。数据表明:机动车排放颗粒物PM10中含量丰富的组分为OC、EC、NH+4、NO-3和SO2-4;柴油车排放PM10中OC和EC的质量分数为49.08%,是汽油车(38.38%)的1.3倍,汽油车的OC/EC(2.36)是柴油车(0.78)的3倍;汽油车排放PM10中的二次转化产物(SO42-+NH4++NO3-)的质量分数为19.37%,是柴油车(3.57%)的5.4倍;汽油车排放NH+4是柴油车的5.3倍。     

建设项目竣工环保验收监测中影响数据质量因素分析

分析了建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测中常见的一些数据质量问题,通过实例对产生监测数据质量问题的原因进行了分析,并探讨了如何使监测数据反映验收监测期间的排污实态。     

基于8—羟基喹啉与NO^—2—磺胺重氮盐的偶联反应示波极谱法测定NO^—2

研究了８－羟基喹啉与ＮＯ＾－２－碘胺重氮盐偶联反应的条件及其产物的极谱行为。二阶导数波高与ＮＯ＾－２的浓度在０．００２－０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ内呈良好的线性关系,回收率为９８％－１０３％,已用于环境水样中ＮＯ＾－２的测定。     

Characterization of heavy metal concentrations in the sediments of three freshwater rivers in Huludao City, Northeast China

Wuli River, Cishan River, and Lianshan River are three freshwater rivers flowing through Huludao City, in a region of northeast China strongly affected by industrialization. Contamination assessment has never been conducted in a comprehensive way. For the first time, the contamination of three rivers impacted by different sources in the same city was compared. This work investigated the distribution and sources of Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in the surface sediments of Wuli River, Cishan River, and Lianshan River, and assessed heavy metal toxicity risk with the application of two different sets of Sediment Quality Guideline (SQG) indices (effect range low/effect range median values, ERL/ERM; and threshold effect level/probable effect level, TEL/PEL). Furthermore, this study used a toxic unit approach to compare and gauge the individual and combined metal contamination for Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu. Results showed that Hg contamination in the sediments of Wuli River originated from previous sediment contamination of the chlor-alkali producing industry, and Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu contamination was mainly derived from atmospheric deposition and unknown small pollution sources. Heavy metal contamination to Cishan River sediments was mainly derived from Huludao Zinc Plant, while atmospheric deposition, sewage wastewater and unknown small pollution were the primary sources for Lianshan River. The potential acute toxicity in sediment of Wuli River may be primarily due to Hg contamination. Hg is the major toxicity contributor, accounting for 53.3-93.2%, 7.9-54.9% to total toxicity in Wuli River and Lianshan River, respectively, followed by Cd. In Cishan River, Cd is the major sediment toxicity contributor, however, accounting for 63.2-66.9% of total toxicity.     

舟山钓梁围垦工程土工布、碎石垫层施工技术探讨

海洋深水软土地基筑堤基础处理通常采用爆破挤淤法及塑料排水板排水固结法。排水板排水固结法主要工序有土工布、碎石垫层铺设、塑料排水板打插,其中碎石垫层作为滤水层,对基础处理效果有较大的影响。根据舟山钓梁工程施工情况看,目前塑料排水板打插工艺相对较成熟,而土工布、碎石垫层铺设工艺则尚在研究探讨中,因此重点对舟山市钓梁围垦工程土工布、碎石垫层铺设的施工工艺进行探讨,为今后发展提供参考。