镉对植物光合作用的影响

本文从光合作用色素、光合组织、光合作用过程、光合速率等方面概述了近些年来 Cd对植物光合作用影响的研究进展 ,并结合我们的研究进行了讨论。     

防污漆中活性物质海洋环境风险评估关键技术探讨

防污漆中的活性物质对海洋生态环境和人类健康造成的潜在风险受到日益广泛的关注,一些发达国家已建立了针对活性物质海洋环境风险评估的技术体系,但我国相关研究目前尚属空白。综述了防污漆活性物质海洋环境风险评估的研究背景、相关法规、技术标准和发展现状,针对环境风险评估的2个重要组成部分(危害性评估和暴露评估)中的关键技术进行了探讨。在危害性评估中,重点分析和比较了受试生物物种的选择原则、生态毒理数据的要求以及预测无效应浓度的推导方法和应用范围;在暴露评估中,系统阐述了活性物质在水环境中释放速率的计算及修正方法、环境浓度的预测模型、现有的暴露场景及其局限性等。本文以期为我国开展防污漆活性物质海洋环境风险评估提供研究基础和科学依据,并提出了今后的研究重点和方向。     

海五联区域阴极安全保护智能监测系统

阐述了ACPS-Ⅱ阴极安全保护智能监测系统的组成、特点以及在海五联合站的应用,指出阴极安全保护监测技术是阴极安全保护技术的发展方向,有着广泛的推广应用前景.     

简析"文革"前我党的科学技术观及其形成缘由

"文革"前我党的科学技术观及其形成缘于三个方面理论基础、实践基础和时代依据.在革命和建设中,形成了我党的科学技术观,其内容包括四个方面.分析其内容及其形成缘由可知往开来,提供历史借鉴.     

The leaching characteristics of selenium from coal fly ashes

The leaching characteristics of selenium from several bituminous and subbituminous coal fly ashes under different pH conditions were investigated using batch methods. Results indicated that pH had a significant effect on selenium leaching from bituminous coal ash. The minimum selenium leaching occurred in the pH range between 3 and 4, while the maximum selenium leaching occurred at pH 12. The release of selenium from subbituminous coal ashes was very low for the entire experimental pH range, possibly due to the high content of calcium which can form hydration or precipitation products as a sink for selenium. The adsorption results for different selenium species indicated that Se(VI) was hardly adsorbable on either bituminous coal ashes or subbituminous coal ashes at any pH. However, Se(IV) was highly adsorbed by bituminous coal ashes under acidic pH conditions and was mostly removed by subbituminous coal ashes across the entire pH range. This result suggests that the majority of selenium released from the tested fly ashes was Se(IV). A speciation-based model was developed to simulate the adsorption of Se(IV) on bituminous coal fly ash, and the pH-independent adsorption constants of HSeO3* and SeO3 2* were determined. The modeling approach is useful for understanding and predicting the release process of selenium from fly ash.     

Retrieving leaf area index for coniferous forest in Xingguo County, China with Landsat ETM+ images

Spatial distributions of the leaf area index (LAI) needed for carbon cycle modeling in Xingguo County, China were estimated based on correlations between the field-measurements and vegetation indices (VIs). After making geometric and atmospheric corrections to two Landsat ETM+ images, one in January 2000 and the other in May 2003, three VIs (SR, NDVI, and RSR) were derived, and their separate correlations with ground LAI measurements were established. The correlation with RSR was the highest among the three VIs. The retrieved LAI values for January 2000 were lower than those for May 2003 because of a small seasonal variation in the coniferous forests (predominantly masson pine) and the decrease in the understorey vegetation during winter.     

填埋结构对渗滤液中氨氮脱除的影响

建立了模拟填埋试验中试装置,研究了准好氧填埋渗滤液NH3-N的变化特性和稳定期垃圾对渗滤液NH3-N的处理效果.结果表明,准好氧填埋结构下渗滤液NH3-N衰减很快,下降率可达99.6%,没有出现传统填埋场累积的现象,为渗滤液后续处理解决了氨氮浓度过高的难题;随着水力负荷的增大,NH3-N的去除率呈下降趋势,去除率由低水力负荷时的99.9%,下降到高水力负荷时的87.7%;准好氧填埋垃圾对低可生化性、高浓度氨氮的渗滤液有很好的处理能力,但反硝化能力不足;较高有机物浓度有利于反硝化作用,使氨氮彻底转化为氮气.     

空气整段间隔流动注射-催化动力学光度法测定天然水中痕量钒

应用空气整段间隔流动注射法与改进的钒-溴酸钾-没食子酸催化动力学反应体系相结合,建立了测定天然水体中痕量钒的催化动力学光度FIA法。通过使用一个自制的进样阀,使样品带在反应管道中的留存时间得到延长,加热允许温度得到提高。在温度80℃,反应留存时间4.75min条件下,可测定0—10ppb的钒,检出限达0.1ppb。测定2ppb钒样品时,RSD为2.7％(n=10),测定频率达90次/h,方法的平均回收率在80—109％之间。     

多空间尺度景观格局与地表水质响应关系研究

截至2020年底,北京市已建成466条生态清洁小流域,其中,密云水库上游(北京境内)179条小流域,将于2022年底全部达到生态清洁小流域标准.本研究对密云水库流域进行子流域划分并创建缓冲区,通过汛期水质监测,结合统计分析和景观格局指数计算,量化不同空间尺度景观格局和水质的响应关系.结果表明:①密云水库主要河流水质除总...     

叠螺式脱水机在造纸法再造烟叶行业中的应用

在简单介绍几种污泥脱水设备特点的基础上,以山东瑞博斯烟草有限公司(以下简称瑞博斯)成功应用叠螺式脱水机为例,探讨并验证了叠螺式脱水机在造纸法再造烟叶行业污泥脱水工艺中应用的可行性。这是叠螺式脱水机首次在国内造纸法再造烟叶行业中应用并取得成功。