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91.
92.
The diet of three cooccurring abundant fish species (Eucinostomus argenteus, Diapterus rhombeus and Micropogonias furnieri) and its ontogenetic changes in a mudflat area of a tropical bay in southeastern Brazil were described. The working hypothesis is that these three species shift the use of the available resources throughout their growth. Early juveniles of D. rhombeus and M. furnieri fed mainly on Cyclopoida copepods, shifting to Nematoda (D. rhombeus) and errant Polychaeta (M. furnieri) as they increased in size. In contrast, the early life stages of E. argenteus fed mainly on errant Polychaeta and Calanoida copepods, with increasing niche breadth as they grew. The relative degree of individual specialisation in resource use indicated specialism for M. furnieri and E. argenteus, and generalism for D. rhombeus. The largest intraspecific overlap was found for the smallest size classes. Niche breadth increased during ontogeny, with a higher average niche breadth at lower prey length/predator length ratios. Therefore, species-specific differences in diet across the resource gradient and increased niche breadth during ontogeny characterised the shifts of resource use, and probably account for the coexistence of these species in zones of sympatry in mudflat areas of southeastern Brazil. 相似文献
93.
Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and can be found either in culturable or in a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. The genus comprises many pathogenic species accountable for water and food-borne diseases that prove to be fatal, especially in developing countries, as in Guinea-Bissau (West Africa), where cholera is endemic. In order to ascertain the abundance and structure of Vibrio spp. community in well waters that serve as the sole source of water for the population, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), PCR-denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and cloning approaches were used. Results suggest that Vibrio spp. were present throughout the year in acidic, freshwater wells with a seasonal community composition shift. Vibrio spp. abundance was in accordance with the abundance found in coastal environments. Sequences closely related to pathogenic Vibrio species were retrieved from well water revealing exposure of the population to such pathogens. pH, ammonium, and turbidity, regulated by the rain pattern, seem to be the variables that contributed mostly to the shaping and selection of the Vibrio spp. community. These results reinforce the evidence for water monitoring with culture-independent methods and the clear need to create/recover water infrastructures and a proper water resources management in West African countries with similar environmental conditions. 相似文献
94.
Camila Maia-Silva Michael Hrncir Dirk Koedam Renato Jose Pires Machado Vera Lucia Imperatriz-Fonseca 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2013,100(1):101-105
Between April and June of 2012 mantisflies (Plega hagenella) were found to be extensively parasitizing the nests of two groups of managed colonzies of eusocial stingless bees (Melipona subnitida) in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. The mantisfly larvae developed inside closed brood cells of the bee comb, where each mantispid larva fed on the bee larva or pupa present in a single brood cell. Mature mantispid larvae pupated inside silken cocoons spun in place within their hosts' brood cells then emerged as pharate adults inside the bee colony. Pharate adults were never attacked and killed by host colony workers. Instead, colony workers picked up the pharates and removed them from the nest unharmed, treating them similar to the way that the general refuse is removed from the nest. Adult mantispids subsequently eclosed from their pupal exuviae outside the nest. Manipulative experiments showed that post-eclosion adult mantispids placed back within active bee colonies were quickly attacked and killed. These observations demonstrate that pharate and post-eclosion adults of P. hagenella are perceived differently by colony workers and that delayed adult eclosion is an important functional element in the parasitic life strategy of P. hagenella, allowing adults to escape without injury from the bee colonies they parasitize. 相似文献
95.
Silva Thais Silva Maisa Mendonça Florencio Lourdinha Machado Santos Simone 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(5):2068-2077
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This work presents a survey on the management of the home medical care waste (HMCW) from the municipality of Caruaru, an important medical and... 相似文献
96.
V. M. Starling Maria Clara Costa Elizângela P. Souza Felipe A. Machado Elayne C. de Araujo Juliana Calábria Amorim Camila C. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(14):17355-17368
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work investigated an innovative alternative to improve municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent (MWWTP effluent) quality aiming at the... 相似文献
97.
Neves Vinicius Machado Heidrich Graciela Marini da Costa Camila Cavalheiro Farias Julia Gomes Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira Pozebon Dirce Dressler Valderi Luiz 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(40):60084-60097
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nanoparticles (NPs) have been progressively applied in the last decades, which may impact the environment. Synthesis of pigments, growing, and... 相似文献
98.
de Lima Samuel Vitor Assis Machado Marques Daniele Maria Silva Matheus Felipe Soares Bressanin Leticia Aparecida Magalhães Paulo César de Souza Thiago Corrêa 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(45):67787-67800
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Chitosan induces tolerance to abiotic stress agents in plants. However, studies on the different application forms of this biopolymer are limited.... 相似文献
99.
D. S. Suresh Babu Siva Sivalingam Terry Machado 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2012,17(7):821-836
This paper reports sea level rise (SLR) scenarios causing land loss, environmental degradation and destruction of infrastructure in the Saudi coast of the Arabian Gulf. Human development structures such as, sea ports, desalination plants, industrial establishments, commercial buildings, fish farms etc. will be impacted, leading to great economic losses. A systematic analysis on the current environmental setting of east coast of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) versus the existing infrastructure assets indicates that a 1?m sea level rise in Arabian Gulf affects approximately 650?km2 land area, along the Saudi coastline of ~1,800?km in 1:50,000 scale. Three simulation scenarios were created with respect to 1?m, 2?m and 3?m rises from the present mean sea level and its impacts were assessed. Maps depicting major infrastructure assets, ecologically sensitive elements, historical locations, anthropogenic zones, and Environmental Sensitivity Indices (ESI) were used for overlaying the sea level change map, in a Geographic Information System (GIS) platform. In general, the Jubail Marine Park area will have serious impact due to SLR. The inundation of low?Clying lands will affect the mangroves species of Dawhat Ad Dafi, coral reefs, coastal salt marshes, groundwater aquifers, and fish stocks. The risk of inundation on the Abu Ali Island, given their status as marine sanctuary of international importance, is particularly high. As an adaptation strategy, it is proposed that the KSA should implement Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan (ICZMP) for the Arabian Gulf coast without further delay for the protection of its vulnerable resources and for sustainable development. 相似文献
100.
A. Delgado-Lima G. Botelho M. M. Silva A. V. Machado 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2013,21(3):710-717
The stability of PCL/TiO2 nanocomposites under different environments was investigated. Samples were exposed to UV radiation in an accelerated weathering chamber equipment and characterized by viscosimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that the presence of nanoparticles containing titanium enhanced polymer chain scission during UV exposure. For all samples, the melting temperature and crystallinity increased along photodegradation time. The biodegradability, assessed by biochemical oxygen demand, increased as the amount of inorganic particles increased. However, the thermal stability and activation energy evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis decreased as the amount of inorganic nanoparticles increased, indicating that nanocomposites exhibited lower thermal stability. 相似文献