首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   2106篇
  免费   8篇
  国内免费   11篇
安全科学   11篇
废物处理   80篇
环保管理   104篇
综合类   818篇
基础理论   446篇
污染及防治   458篇
评价与监测   117篇
社会与环境   80篇
灾害及防治   11篇
  2017年   22篇
  2016年   31篇
  2015年   19篇
  2014年   24篇
  2013年   86篇
  2012年   30篇
  2011年   66篇
  2010年   57篇
  2009年   63篇
  2008年   86篇
  2007年   69篇
  2006年   52篇
  2005年   57篇
  2004年   54篇
  2003年   52篇
  2002年   60篇
  2001年   66篇
  2000年   57篇
  1999年   43篇
  1998年   33篇
  1997年   37篇
  1996年   34篇
  1995年   37篇
  1994年   34篇
  1993年   31篇
  1992年   19篇
  1991年   40篇
  1990年   54篇
  1989年   24篇
  1988年   28篇
  1987年   22篇
  1985年   24篇
  1984年   24篇
  1983年   19篇
  1982年   32篇
  1979年   21篇
  1977年   19篇
  1974年   20篇
  1972年   21篇
  1967年   31篇
  1966年   23篇
  1965年   24篇
  1963年   22篇
  1962年   23篇
  1961年   19篇
  1960年   17篇
  1959年   21篇
  1958年   23篇
  1957年   19篇
  1955年   16篇
排序方式: 共有2125条查询结果,搜索用时 202 毫秒
101.
The toxicity of ammonia to Hyalella azteca at constant pH in artificial media was controlled by sodium and potassium, and not by calcium, magnesium, or anions. Small increases in the LC50 for total ammonia (from 0.15 to 0.5 mM) occurred as sodium was increased from 0.1 to 1 mM and above, but major increases in the LC50 (to over 10 mM total ammonia) required the addition of potassium. Potassium was, however, more effective at reducing ammonia toxicity at high (1 mM) sodium than at low (0.1 mM) sodium. Ammonia toxicity was independent of pH at low sodium and potassium concentrations, when ammonia toxicity appeared to be associated primarily with aqueous ammonium ion concentrations. At high sodium and potassium concentrations, the toxicity of ammonia was reduced to the point where un-ionized ammonia concentrations also affected toxicity, and the LC50 became pH dependent. A mathematical model was produced for predicting ammonia toxicity from sodium and potassium concentrations and pH.  相似文献   
102.
Evacuation mapping: the utility of guidelines   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Dymon UJ  Winter NL 《Disasters》1993,17(1):12-24
  相似文献   
103.
Bollag U 《Disasters》1979,3(4):413-415
An epidemic outbreak of typhoid fever in the largest refugee camp of the besieged capital of Phom-Penh, Cambodia; the concomitant lack of personal and public hygiene and the availability of a locally manufactured Tetanus-Typhoid-Paratyphoid vaccine, prompted us to test the practicability of a mass immunization campaign by carrying out a trial in the smaller, well delineated refugee camp of Pochentong. Attendances by adults as well as children throughout the three or four inoculation rounds showed a steady decline with only 30 (20%) of the people completing the course. The general initial acceptance by the people on the other hand was good, due to a comprehensive service (information, health education and individual care of patients). It is concluded from these results that multi-injection immunization campaigns against typhoid-paratyphoid are a waste of money in a war-torn situation with an unstable population.  相似文献   
104.
The use of pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) studies in processing of a biodegradable plastic composition made from soy protein isolate and corn starch is described. The ability of PVT measurements to predict the combined effects of pressure, volume, and temperature effects is demonstrated. The results show that the PVT relations of the plastic can be predicted by using a regression analysis similar to the Tait equations of state. A change in slope of the PVT curves was observed at around 80‡C, which is ascribed to the glass-transition process of the plastic. Evidence of onset of thermal degradation of the plastic was observed at ca. 160‡C under 0 to 200 MPa isobaric pressure. This thermal degradation precluded determination of the crystal melting point of the plastic.  相似文献   
105.
Geodia cydonium  , which code for proteins. The analyses of their deduced amino acid sequences allowed a molecular biological approach to solve the problem of monophyly of Metazoa. Molecules of the extracellular matrix/basal lamina, with the integrin receptor, fibronectin, and galectin as prominent examples, cell-surface receptors (tyrosine kinase receptor), elements of sensory systems (crystallin, metabotropic glutamate receptor), and homologs/modules of an immune system (immunoglobulin like molecules, scavenger receptor cysteine-rich, and short consensus repeats, rhesus system) classify the Porifera as true Metazoa. As living fossils, provided with simple, primordial molecules allowing cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion as well as processes of signal transduction as known in a more complex manner from higher Metazoa, they also show peculiarities not known in other metazoan phyla. Tissues of sponges are rich in telomerase activity, suggesting a high plasticity in the determination of cell lineages. It is concluded that molecular biological studies with sponges as model will not only help to understand the evolution of Protoctista to Metazoa but also the complex, hierarchial regulatory network of cells in higher Metazoa.  相似文献   
106.
The distribution and impacts of different nitrogen pollutants are inextricably linked. To understand the problem fully, the interactions between the different pollutants need to be taken into account. This is particularly important when it comes to abatement techniques, since measures to reduce emissions of one nitrogen pollutant can often lead to an increase in another. This project represents a step towards greater understanding of these issues by linking together new and existing nitrogen flux models into a larger framework. The modelling framework has been constructed and some of the nitrogen flows between fields, farms and the atmosphere have been modelled for a UK study area for typical farm management scenarios.  相似文献   
107.
Model estimates of NOy and NHx deposition across Britain for 1996 (5 km square resolution) were applied as explanatory variables to account for national-scale, fine-grained changes in plant species composition between 1990 and 1998. Plant species data were recorded from up to 27 fixed plots located within a stratified random sample of 596 1 km2. The response variable was a cover-weighted Ellenberg fertility score for each plot. Analyses were carried out separately for woodlands, semi-natural grasslands and heaths/bogs. Most of the variation in the botanical response variable occurred between plots within squares and so could not be explained by the model deposition data. NHx deposition estimates accounted for significant, but small components of between 1 km2 variation in the change in Ellenberg score in grasslands (5.6%) and heath/bogs (9.8%) but not woodlands. NOy deposition estimates were not significantly associated with vegetation change. Linear models provided the best fit and the slope of the relationship was lower for heath/bogs than grasslands. Further signal attribution at sub-kilometre square scales requires the development of fine-grained models of N deposition that can be generalised across regional sampling domains.  相似文献   
108.
109.
Ornamental horticulture has been identified as an important threat to plant biodiversity and is a major pathway for plant invasions worldwide. In this context, the family Cactaceae is particularly challenging because it is considered the fifth most threatened large taxonomic group in the world; several species are among the most widespread and damaging invasive species; and Cactaceae is one of the most popular horticultural plant groups. Based on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna and the 11 largest online auction sites selling cacti, we documented the international cactus trade. To provide an in‐depth look at the dynamics of the industry, we surveyed the businesses involved in the cactus trade in South Africa (a hotspot of cactus trade and invasions). We purchased seeds of every available species and used DNA barcoding to identify species to the genus level. Although <20% of this trade involved threatened species and <3% involved known invasive species, many species were identified by a common name. However, only 0.02% of the globally traded cacti were collected from wild populations. Despite a large commercial network, all South African imports (of which 15% and 1.5% were of species listed as threatened and invasive, respectively) came from the same source. With DNA barcoding, we identified 24% of the species to genus level. Based on our results, we believe that if trade restrictions are placed on the small proportion of cacti that are invasive and there is no major increase in harvesting of native populations, then the commercial trade in cactus poses a negligible environmental threat. However, there are currently no effective methods for easily identifying which cacti are traded, and both the illicit harvesting of cacti from the wild and the informal trade in invasive taxa pose on‐going conservation challenges.  相似文献   
110.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed an interconnected and tightly coupled globalized world in rapid change. This article sets the scientific stage for understanding and responding to such change for global sustainability and resilient societies. We provide a systemic overview of the current situation where people and nature are dynamically intertwined and embedded in the biosphere, placing shocks and extreme events as part of this dynamic; humanity has become the major force in shaping the future of the Earth system as a whole; and the scale and pace of the human dimension have caused climate change, rapid loss of biodiversity, growing inequalities, and loss of resilience to deal with uncertainty and surprise. Taken together, human actions are challenging the biosphere foundation for a prosperous development of civilizations. The Anthropocene reality—of rising system-wide turbulence—calls for transformative change towards sustainable futures. Emerging technologies, social innovations, broader shifts in cultural repertoires, as well as a diverse portfolio of active stewardship of human actions in support of a resilient biosphere are highlighted as essential parts of such transformations.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号