实施HAZOP分析控制重大工艺安全事故(Ⅰ)

介绍了危险与可操作性分析（Hazard and Operability,HAZOP）技术的国内外应用现状。结合我国重大工艺安全事故案例,阐述了在我国实施HAZOP的必要性。     

微污染饮用水源水潜流人工湿地预处理的效能研究

以济南玉清湖水库为例,采用水平潜流人工湿地系统对沉砂后的微污染黄河水进行了预处理试验,考察了湿地系统对污染物的去除效率及其变化趋势.同时,根据实验数据,构建了潜流人工湿地系统COD、TN、TP的一级动力学模拟方程.结果表明,水平潜流人工湿地系统对COD、TP、TN和NH4+-N的平均去除率分别为49.89%、50.44%、53.41%和48.45%;人工湿地对污染物的处理是物理、化学和生物及其协同作用的过程.人工湿地沿程及不同高度污染物浓度变化试验结果表明,人工湿地系统对污染物的降解沿人工湿地水流方向逐渐降低,污染物主要在人工湿地床体前部被去除,潜流人工湿地床体上部对污染物的去除效果更好.     

Pb（II） biosorption using chitosan and chitosan derivatives beads： Equilibrium, ion exchange and mechanism studies

The study examined the adsorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution onto chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads. Several important parameters influencing the adsorption of Pb(II) ions such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage and di erent initial concentration of Pb(II) ions were evaluated. The mechanism involved during the adsorption process was explored based on ion exchange study and using spectroscopic techniques. The adsorption capacities obtained based on non–linear Langmuir isotherm for chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads in single metal system were 34.98, 14.24 and 60.27 mg/g, respectively. However, the adsorption capacity of Pb(II) ions were reduced in the binary metal system due to the competitive adsorption between Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions. Based on the ion exchange study, the release of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and Na+ ions played an important role in the adsorption of Pb(II) ions by all three adsorbents but only at lower concentrations of Pb(II) ions. Infrared spectra showed that the binding between Pb(II) ions and the adsorbents involved mostly the nitrogen and oxygen atoms. All three adsorbents showed satisfactory adsorption capacities and can be considered as an e cient adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions.     

屠宰企业环境影响评价技术要点探讨

通过调查北京市南郊某大型宰猪厂企业基本情况、生产工艺,现场监测该厂废水、噪声、固体废弃物等污染物排放现状,详细分析了屠宰厂主要环境问题和污染物排放种类、特性,最终确定项目符合性分析和水环境影响预测为屠宰企业的环境影响评价要点。     

Chitosan and chemically modified chitosan beads for acid dyes sorption

The capabilities of chitosan and chitosan-EGDE (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) beads for removing Acid Red 37 (AR 37) and Acid Blue 25 (AB 25) from aqueous solution were examined. Chitosan beads were cross-linked with EGDE to enhance its chemical resistance and mechanical strength. Experiments were performed as a function of pH, agitation period and concentration of AR 37 and AB 25. It was shown that the adsorption capacities of chitosan were comparatively higher than chitosan-EGDE for both acid dyes. This is mainly because cross-linking using EGDE reduces the major adsorption sites -NH3+ on chitosan. Langmuir isotherm model showed best conformity compared to Freundlich and BET. The kinetic experimental data agreed very well to the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The desorption study revealed that after three cycles of adsorption and desorption by NaOH and HCl, both adsorbents retained their promising adsorption abilities. FT-IR analysis proved that the adsorption of acid dyes onto chitosan-based adsorbents was a physical adsorption. Results also showed that chitosan and chitosan-EGDE beads were favourable adsorbers and could be employed as low-cost alternatives for the removal of acid dyes in wastewater treatment.     

浅析土壤渗滤技术在再生水处理中的应用

从再生水常用处理技术入手,重点介绍了土壤渗滤处理技术,并将土壤渗滤技术与其他处理技术进行比较,指出土壤渗滤技术的优势及存在的问题,对土壤渗滤技术在再生水处理中的应用进行了展望。     

2010年2月27日智利地震地球球型自由振荡研究

利用中国数字地震台网（CDSN）5个台站的波形资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,提取了智利地震激发的地球球型自由振荡,并与地球初步参考模型（PREM）的理论自由振荡周期进行对比,发现球型振荡振型周期与地球初步参考模型预测的球型自由振荡周期基本吻合。所得结果可以进一步用来研究地震震源机制和地球内部结构,并对大地震的震源破裂分布给出一定的约束。     

某型军用电源车高低温环境试验方法探讨

为科学合理地考核某型军用电源车在高低温环境下的性能指标,需要综合考虑该电源车的结构特点,参照不同的试验标准提出试验内容和方法。分析了不同标准在进行实验室高低温环境试验时试验内容的差别,通过对某型军用电源车主要战技指标分析,依据研制总要求,对试验内容进行合理剪裁,对试验顺序进行了适当调整,提出了针对某型军用电源车的试验内容和方法。     

环保专项资金项目绩效评价个性指标设计研究——以江苏省省级节能减排(重点污染排放治理)专项引导资金为例

为适应江苏省财政资金绩效评价工作需要,定量、科学地评价环保专项资金项目实施成效,本文以江苏省省级节能减排(重点污染排放治理)专项引导资金项目为例,探讨了项目绩效评价个性指标设计方法。基于SMART原则设计并形成一套个性指标体系,包括资金效益、项目产出和环境效益三方面内容,共13项评价指标。该指标体系按不同类别分别对减排资金项目的绩效进行客观评价,既反映了项目实施成效,也满足了宏观管理需求,可为今后相关工作的开展提供依据。     

239+240Pu作为湖泊沉积物计年时标:以云南程海为例

在近代沉积作用领域137Cs时标与210Pb计年结合,获得了广泛而有效的应用.然而,137Cs经过两个半衰期的衰变已难于辩识.环境中的Pu核素具有相对较长的半衰期,也随全球大气扩散而散落于地球表面,可望作为沉积计年的时间标志.通过程海沉积物柱芯中239+240Pu比活度、240Pu/239Pu原子比率及校正到沉积年代的...