减排温室气体的经济手段：许可证交易和税收政策

温室气体的减排是当前国际社会关心的热点环境问题。本文首先从分析采用经济手段减排温室气体的潜在利弊出发，对温室气体排放交易和国际碳税进行了深入的分析比较。最后，提出了我国响应减排温室气体经济政策的若干建议。     

济南市水文地质特征对地下水污染的影响分析

从环境水文地质学的角度出发，对济南市地下水污染的主要途径和方式，以及局部地下水重污染区进行了较为详细的分析，济南市地下水污染以浅层地下水污染为主，局部地区深层地下水也已受到污染，并有进一步加重的趋势，地下水严重超采，造成多处地表塌陷和降落漏斗，并成为济南市地下水的重污染区。     

酸沉降破坏材料造成的经济损失的估算研究

酸沉降对材料的破坏和其经济损失估算是国际上酸沉降研究领域听一个重要课题，国内在经方面的研究较少，文章通过对“两广酸沉降破坏材料造成的经济损失的估算”研究，提出了了一套较实用的经济损失估算方法。     

环境突发性事故采样的注意要点

根据环境突发性事故的特点，以作者工作经验，就事故采样的完整、典型，及时性以及样品保存４个方面，结合实例进行论述。     

Optimization of harmonious development on regional energy-economy-atmospheric environment system

Ｏｐｔｉｍｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆｈａｒｍｏｎｉｏｕｓｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｎｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌｅｎｅｒｇｙ－ｅｃｏｎｏｍｙ－ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｓｙｓｔｅｍ￥ＮｉｎｇＤａｔｏｎｇ，ＷａｎｇＬｅｉ（ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＲｅａｌＥｓｔａｔｅ...     

水胺硫磷降解优势菌的筛选及其降解条件的研究

本文从已驯化好的活性污泥菌是悬液中分离筛选出水胺硫磷的降解优势菌，并对其降解条件进行了实验研究，当温度为２５℃，ＰＨ为６．５～７．５，水胺硫磷进水浓度１３５ｍｇ／Ｌ，停留时间为１２ｈ，在供氧条件下，水胺硫磷降解率可达７２．３％，而混合菌在最佳条件下，其水胺硫磷降解率为５５．８％，本文还要菌种进行了鉴定。     

白洋淀地区的多氯联苯污染研究

对白洋淀地区不同类型纸厂排水口底泥及保定市排污渠底泥进行了ＧＣ／ＥＣＤ分析，可萃取有机氯（ＥＯＣｌ）含量测定，检出了多氯联苯和有机氯农药。用截止分子量为１０００道尔顿的透析袋方法对相应地区的水体进行了检测，发现水体中可检出含氯农药六六六，但多氯联苯等由于水中存在浓度低未能检出，同样样品的ＧＣ／ＭＳ／ＣＯＭ结果表明，水体中主要存在的亲脂性有机污染物为：蒽酮、蒽二酮、苯胺、氯代烃、邻苯二甲酸酯类和苯系物。     

浅谈上海地区的总稀土

1 概述稀土(Rare Earth)元素,位于元素周期表第57～71号,由性质十分相近的镧、铈、镨、钕等15种镧系元素以及钪、钇2个元素组成。通常,把57～63号的7个元素称为轻稀土元素,其它10个元素称为重稀土元素。地壳中,稀土元素含量与锌、铜、铅等元素含量不相上下。我国的稀土资源,居世界首位,共约3600万吨(R_2O_3),其中90％分布在包头地区。土壤及生物链中,均有稀土元素。进入环境中的稀土化合物,大部分来自岩石的风化物,其次来自煤的燃烧。稀土元素,主要用于冶金、石油化工、电子器械、玻璃陶瓷等工业上。稀土元素,通过口、呼吸道及皮肤的伤口进入人体。吸收后的稀土元素,从人体内排泄的半衰期为一年至十几年。     

Preliminary study on organic contaminants in the water of northwest part of the Lake Chao

The waterquality of the downstream of Nanfei River and the northwest area of Lake Chao is evaluated from organic analysis aspect. PAHs such as fluoranthene, pyrene are detected in the waters collected from downstream river and river mouth. More phenolic compounds are found in the river water. Some halogenated hydrocarbons are present in the river and lake waters. A great many of aliphatic hydrocarbons and benzene hydrocarbons found in all the water samples are about one third of the total organics detected. The hydrophobic components are found to be present not only in water but also in suspended sediment. The ratio of the amount existing is 0.4 in sediment and 1 in particle-free water. The quantity of humic materials existing in lake water is larger than that in river water. The proportion of the humic materials in lake water to that in river water is 1.9 to 1. In the lake water, some natural substances, such as dimethyl disulfide, alpha-pinene, azulene, and 6- methyl -2-heptanone are observed.     

The study for polyaromatic hydrocarbons decay on Chinese coal soot particles in atmosphere

A study for the photochemical behavior of some polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), for example B(a )P, B( k )F and fluoranthene in coal smoke particles was performed by using indoor Teflon smog chamber.Experiments suggest that the photochemical reaction of PAH is first order reaction and kinetic rates of some PAH were obtained. It was shown that the reaction rate constant is proportional to light intensity and water vapor concentration. Temperature and PAH loading also have influence on PAH decay rate. A model for PAH loss has been set up on the basis of the results of our experiments and the simulating results of this model suggest that coal particle PAH half lives are of the order of a period of days in winter and a few hours in summer. Other factors which may have effect on the photochemical reaction of PAH have also been discussed.