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181.
The identities and concentrations of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) were determined by ion chromatography throughout a 20-m water column in Hongfeng Lake, China. The spatiotemporal variations of LMWOAs and their contributions to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a research period of 24 hr were also investigated. The results demonstrated that five LMWOAs (lactic, acetic, pyruvic, sorbic, oxalic acid) were detected, and their total concentration and proportion in DOC were 6.55 μmol/L and 7.47%. Their average levels were 2.50, 0.65, 2.35, 0.96 and 0.09 μmol/L, respectively. LMWOAs were higher during daytime (10:00-18:00 on Jun 13, 2008) than nighttime (21:00-6:00 the next morning), in particular 4.99 μmol/L high in the epilimnion ( 1 m water depth), reflecting the fact that direct import from terrigenous sources and photochemical production from humic materials were dominant during LMWOAs’ origin and accumulation. The same factors caused LMWOAs to be 0.63 μmol/L in the epilimnion higher than in the hypolimnion. The rapid decrease of total organic acid (TOA) up until 18:00 mainly resulted from bio-uptake and mineralization in the hypolimnion (>1 m water depth). Pyruvic acid increased with time in the epilimnion and decreased in the hypolimnion, largely related to the two contrary processes of continuous degradation and synthesis of macromolecular organic matter during life materials’ cycle mediated by organisms. Simultaneously, plankton behavior and thermal stratification played a pivotal role in LMWOAs’ behavior in the water column, causing decreasing and increasing profiles. The distribution of LMWOAs represents an interesting resource for biogeochemical research of DOM in aquatic ecosystems. 相似文献
182.
Effect of ammonium on nitrous oxide emission during denitrification with different electron donors 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Nitrous oxide(N2O) emission during denitrification is receiving intensive attention due to its high potential to cause greenhouse effects.In this study,denitrifiers were acclimated in sequencing batch reactors with methanol or acetate as the electron donor and nitrate as the electron acceptor.The effects of ammonium on N2O emission were examined in batch experiments with various electron donors.With the addition of ammonium,N2O emission increased under all the examined conditions compared to experiments without ammonium addition.With different electron donors,the highest ratio of N2O emission to the removed oxidized nitrogen was 0.70% for methanol,5.34% for acetate,and 34.79% for polyhydroxybutyrate. 相似文献
183.
Xiangyun Zhong Shiyong Wu Yang Liu Zhenning Zhao Yaru Zhang Jinfeng Bai Jun Xu Bai Xi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013
The evolvement of morphology and structure of the coal with different metamorphic degrees during coking process in the vertical furnace was investigated by infrared Image detector. Moreover, the temperature distribution in the radial direction and the crack formation were also studied in heating process. The results show that the amount of crack and the shrinkage level of char decrease with the coal rank rising. In addition, the initial temperature of crack formation for char increases with the coal rank rising. 相似文献
184.
A new method that utilizes pretreated silica gel as an adsorbent has been developed for simultaneous preconcentration of trace Cd(II) and Pb(II) prior to the measurement by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The effects of pH, the shaking time, the elution condition and the coexisting ions on the separation/preconcentration conditions of analytes were investigated. Under optimized conditions, the static adsorption capacity of Cd(II) and Pb(II) were 45.5 and 27.1mg/g, the relative standard deviations were 3.2% and 1.7% (for n = 11), and the limits of detection obtained were 4.25 and 0.60 ng/mL, respectively. The method was validated by analyzing the certified reference materials GBW 07304a (stream sediment) and successfully applied to the analysis of various treated wastewater samples with satisfactory results. 相似文献
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187.
概述了微囊藻毒素的结构和性质,分析了其对人类健康的危害,综述了近年来国内外水体中微囊藻毒素的检测方法,提出了今后的研究方向。 相似文献
188.
本文通过对内蒙古包头市2009—2011年PM10浓度和TSP浓度的测定,分析了大气中颗粒物浓度的含量状况。结果表明:2009年3月到9月份之间,出现6次沙尘天气,并且颗粒物浓度超过大气空气质量三级标准,其中最严重的一次PM10浓度达到1.147mg/m^3。PM10浓度一天的变化中,在下午5时和晚间10时达到两个峰值,分别是1.608mg/m^3和1.882mg/m^3。2010年中十一月份的TSP日平均浓度较高,比八月份TSP浓度高7倍。2011年春季空气中颗粒物污染较重,在沙尘天气发生期间,颗粒物浓度含量较高 相似文献
189.
鄂尔多斯盆地植被覆盖动态监测与评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
基于像元分解模型,利用LANDSATNDVI数据,估算了鄂尔多斯盆地2002年7月和2010年7月植被覆盖度,以量化和可视化的形式分析了鄂尔多斯盆地2002年一2010年间植被覆盖度的时空变化特征,探寻了引起植被覆盖度变化的驱动因素。结果表明:2002年一2010年鄂尔多斯盆地植被覆盖度变化明显,平均覆盖度增加了7.35%,改善和明显改善面积增加了35.67%,退化和明显退化面积增加了1.49%。研究区植被覆盖度增加的主要原因是降雨量的增加和一系列生态建设工程的实施;减少的主要原因是恶劣的生态环境和过度的能源开发活动。 相似文献
190.
阐述了中性点不接地电网中单相接地的特点,并分析了用绝缘监视装置和小电流接地选线装置查找故障的利弊,以及目前小电流接地选线技术可靠性差的原因. 相似文献