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71.
Surveys of 4-nonylphenols (NOs) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OC) were performed for water and fish samples obtained from eight rivers flowing into Lake Biwa once every two months from April 1998 to March 1999. For water samples, NOs were detected all the year round (0.11-3.08 ng ml(-1)) at high frequency (48/48) in the eight rivers. OC was detected at lower concentrations (ND approximately 0.09 ng ml(-1)) and at lower frequency (23/48). The concentrations of NOs in the river water always showed minimum values at 5-8 degrees C in winter. It was presumed that the formation of NOs by the biotransformation of nonylphenol polyethoxylates decreased much in the sludge treatment of nonionic surfactants at the low temperature (5-8 degrees C) in winter. Average BCF values of NOs and OC in the six kinds of fish were calculated from the field data. The field BCF values of NOs 15-31 in the six kinds of fish were lower than the laboratory BCF values of 167 in Killifish and 282 in Salmon. For OC, the field BCF values 129-297 for the three kinds of fish were nearly equal to the laboratory BCF value, 261, in Killifish. 相似文献
72.
Shunji Sako Hiromichi Sugiura Hironori Tanoue Makoto Kojima Mitsunobu Kono Ryoichi Inaba 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(2):267-273
Background. We analyzed muscular activity for different computer mouse positions during the completion of a timed computer task and determined whether the different mouse positions could affect muscular activity, productivity and perceived fatigue. Methods. The subjects were nine healthy young men. Two mouse positions were studied: the distal position (DP), with the forearm rested on the desk; the proximal position (PP), with only the wrist rested on the desk. The subjects performed a 16-min task in each position. Surface electromyography data were recorded for the upper back and shoulder muscles. Work productivity and muscular activity were measured for each mouse position. A visual analog scale was used to assess subjective fatigue. Results. Muscular activity was higher in muscle (m.) deltoideus (posterior) for the DP, while it was significantly higher in m. inferior infraspinatus for the PP. The visual analog scale score was significantly higher and work productivity was lower in the PP. Conclusions. We found that using a mouse in the DP rather than the PP leads to less activity of the external rotators, less perceived fatigue and more productivity. This suggests that the DP is preferable to the PP for computer work involving a mouse. 相似文献
73.
Effect of metal ions on decomposition of chlorinated organic substances by ozonation in acetic acid 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The objective of this study is to find metal ions that enhance the ozone decomposition of chlorinated organic substances in acetic acid. Although the pseudo-first order degradation rate constant for 2,4-DCP by ozone in acetic acid in addition of Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+ and Fe2+ were almost the same as that with no metal ion, the degradation rate in addition of Mn2+ and Fe3+ were 2.4 and 4.5 times as high as that with no metal ion, respectively. The presence of Fe3+ enhanced the degradation of 2,4-DCP by ozone in acetic acid because Fe3+-phenolate complex which have high reactivity with ozone was produced by the reaction between 2,4-DCP and Fe3+ in acetic acid. 相似文献
74.
Sanjou Michio Kato Kyohei Aizawa Wataru Okamoto Takaaki 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2022,22(4):955-969
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - The present study develops a safety survey system for measuring natural river discharge. Monitoring of rivers is very important for river environment conservation... 相似文献
75.
Kojima Yoichiro Nakakubo Ryoh Iwabuchi Kazunori 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(1):311-320
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This paper describes the clarification of the critical organic load and the inhibition factors of thermophilic dry methane co-fermentation of... 相似文献
76.
Kojima Yoichiro Tohno Masanori Nakakubo Ryoh 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(5):1727-1735
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This study describes the process of mitigation of fermentation inhibition using additives through a pH-buffering effect on thermophilic dry methane... 相似文献