原油储罐呼吸损耗测试中的问题探讨

影响原油储罐呼吸损耗的因素有原油蒸汽压、油罐结构、周转量、周转时间、罐内空间高度（生产上称空高）和温差等,通过对行业标准SY5267-91《油田原油损耗测试方法》的实际运用,分析了影响测试准确度的因素,提出了改进方法。     

Mercury levels and estimated total daily intakes for children and adults from an electronic waste recycling area in Taizhou, China: Key role of rice and fish consumption

In order to assess the potential health risks of Hg pollution, total mercury (T–Hg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations were determined in air, dust, surface soil, crops, poultry, fish and human hair samples from an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling area in Taizhou, China. High concentrations of T–Hg and MeHg were found in these multiple matrices, and the mean concentration was 30.7 ng/m³ of T–Hg for atmosphere samples, 3.1 μg/g of T–Hg for soil, 37.6 μg/g of T–Hg for dust, 20.3 ng/g of MeHg for rice and 178.1 ng/g of MeHg for fish, suggesting that the e-waste recycling facility was a significant source of Hg. The inorganic Hg (I–Hg) levels (0.84 μg/g) in hair samples of e-waste workers were much higher than that in the reference samples. Pearson''s correlation coefficients showed that strong positive correlations (p < 0.01) between hair I–Hg and time staying in industrial area (r = 0.81) and between MeHg and fish consumption frequency (r = 0.91), imply that workers were mainly exposed to Hg vapor through long-time inhalation of contaminated air and dust, while other population mainly exposed to MeHg through high-frequency fish consumption. The estimated daily intakes of Hg showed that dietary intake was the major Hg exposure source, and Hg intakes from rice and fish were significantly higher than from any other foods. The estimated total daily intakes (TDIs) of MeHg for both children (696.8 ng/(kg·day)) and adults (381.3 ng/(kg·day)) greatly exceeded the dietary reference dose (RfD) of 230 ng/(kg·day), implying greater health risk for humans from Hg exposures around e-waste recycling facilities.     

The impact of government subsidy and tax policy on the competitive decision-making of remanufacturing supply chains

In this paper, we consider a two-period competition model of a remanufacturing supply chain consisting of three members: a new product manufacturer, a recycler and a remanufacturer. The manufacturer supplies new products in the first period and the remanufacturer participates in the competition in the second period. We consider three scenarios in the second period: (1) there is no government subsidy in the competition; (2) there is only government subsidy in the competition; (3) there are both government subsidy and tax in the competition. First, we give the optimal decision-making of the manufacturer, the remanufacturer and the government in the three scenarios; second, we analyse changes in the decision-making of the manufacturer and remanufacturer in the three scenarios and compare their results. We analyse the effects of government subsidy and tax and their asymmetric use on manufacturers’ and remanufacturers’ decision-making variables and competitive performance. We also take consumer awareness of environmental protection into account and examine its impact on subjects’ decisions. Lastly, we operate a numerical example to show the results.     

青山水库底泥磷释放与库区水体磷浓度的关系

通过对青山水库底泥磷释放特性的实验结果分析,对照库区水体浓度监测的数据,确定了库区各测点底磷释放量与水体浓度之间的关系,进而为库区环境总量控制与各支流的分配计算提供了依据。同时也为防止水库的进一步富营养化,进而改善水质提供了新的思路。     

树脂吸附法处理邻甲苯胺生产废水的研究

在最佳工艺条件下,采用NDA-804树脂对邻甲苯胺生产废水进行吸附-脱附实验。原废水经吸附处理后,邻甲苯胺去除率和CODcr去除率均大于99％．树脂脱附率接近100％。高浓度脱附液可以回收邻甲苯胺,达到了废水治理与资源化的效果。     

高浓度油脂废水的微生物净化处理技术浅析

在简要介绍目前含有高浓度油脂废水的产生和排放现状之后,总结分析了最近几年来一些具有一定代表性的生物处理方法的研究成果,同时提出了今后油脂废水处理技术的一点建议。     

How to accurately assay the algal toxicity of pesticides with low water solubility

A novel method for assaying and calculating the toxicity of water-insoluble pesticides to green algae has been put forward in this work. First, a solvent is selected for use in bioassays; there should be a detailed screening to identify a solvent with inherently low toxicity to the test organism. Second, the EC50 is determined for selected pesticides by measuring the toxicity of various concentrations of each of the selected pesticides in a fixed concentration of selected solvent. Third, concentrations of the selected solvent are varied and the EC50 of each pesticide tested is assayed at a fixed concentration. Fourth, several suitable groups of solvent concentrations are selected and the corresponding EC50 values of tested pesticides are considered to establish the linear regression equation. Letting the solvent concentration be zero, one calculates the corresponding EC50 value, which corresponds to the inherent toxicity of the tested pesticide.     

Travel on the road: does China’s high-speed rail promote local tourism?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Following a Chinese saying: To be rich, roads first, high-speed rail (HSR) opening and station construction are indispensable for economic developing....     

稠油污水处理系统改造与絮凝剂筛选试验研究

河南油田井楼稠油联合站含油污水中的污油和悬浮物含量较高,超过150mg/L。为此,对该处理系统进行了改造,并对絮凝剂的筛选进行了试验。结果表明:无机絮凝剂与有机絮凝剂联合作用,可对污水中所含有的污油和有机物杂质的悬浮物产生很好的絮凝沉降效果。加药浓度、加药顺序及沉降时间均对絮凝沉降效果有一定的影响。改造后的污水处理系统实现了污水达标回注,降低了无效回注费用。同时还回收了污油,降低了药剂成本,产生了十分明显的经济效益,每年节约成本约500万元。