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71.
In this paper,the relationship among land productivity,population pressure and the fluctuation mechanism of ecotone is analyzed,taking coumties and banners of southeast Inner Mongolia plateau as an example,which is the most fragile part in the farming and husbandry interleaving belt of north China due to its severe desertification degree and low level of economic development.The Cv for the total output value of agriculture decreases from southeast to northwest,with the same rule as which the overloading population cumulated distributes,and both indicators have close relation with the high linear coefficient of 0.83.These reveal the fluctuation mechanism for ecotone:fluctuation of the level of economic development is a scientific and practical measure both to weakness degree and to instability of ecotone,because it is a synthesized response to the variation of climate as well as irrational land uses,which reinforce and magnify the fluctuation.In detail,the heavier the population overloading,the severer the grassland reclamation,the stronger the dependence of regional productivity on rainfall,the lower the level of economic development,the rougher the fluctuation of ecotone,but the weaker the PRED system. 相似文献
72.
环境影响评价有效性评估理论研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
结合系统工程理论,初步建立环境影响评价有效性评估的概念方法和理论体系,据此对我国环境影响评价有效性进行初步评估,并提出进一步提高我国环境影响评价有效性的对策及建议。 相似文献
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76.
为实现葫芦岛市社会、经济和环境的可持续发展,将可持续发展变成现实的可操作的管理模式.运用层次分析方法对葫芦岛可持续发展能力进行研究,评价葫芦岛市现有可持续发展水平,分析影响可持续发展的原因并提出相应的解决方法。 相似文献
77.
海南琼北火山监测与研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对海南琼北火山地区火山地质构造、地震活动背景分析,阐明了以马鞍岭——雷虎岭火山为代表的历史喷发形式、构造类型、岩浆流的范围以及流向,论述了琼北火山是一个较典型的城市火山,是一个处于休眠状态的具有喷发危险的火山,并通过国内外火山活动监测与分析方法的对比,确定海南琼北火山活动监测、应急措施与对策。 相似文献
78.
G.L. Feng J. Letey A.C. Chang M. Campbell Mathews 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2005,110(3-4):219-229
Large scale dairy operations are common. In many cases the manure is deposited on a paved surface and then removed with a flushing system, after which the solids are separated, the liquid stored in ponds, and eventually the liquid applied on adjacent crop land. Management of liquid manure to maximize the fertilizer value and minimize water quality degradation requires knowledge of the interactive effects of mineralization of organic N (ON) to NH4+, crop uptake of mineral N, and leaching of NO3− on a temporal basis. The purpose of the research was to use the ENVIRO-GRO model to simulate how the amount of applied N, timing of N application, ON mineralization rates, chemical form of N applied, and irrigation uniformity affected (1) yields of corn (Zea mays) in summer and a forage grass in winter in a Mediterranean climate and (2) the amount of NO3− leached below the root zone. This management practice is typical for dairies in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The simulations were conducted for a 10-year period. Steady state conditions, whereby an equivalent amount of N applied in the organic form will be mineralized in a given year, are achieved more rapidly for materials with high mineralization rates. Both timing and total quantity of N application are important in affecting crop yield and potential N leaching. Major conclusions from the simulations are as follows. Frequent low applications are preferred to less frequent higher applications. Increasing the amount of N application increased both the crop yield and the amount of NO3− leached. Increasing irrigation uniformity increased crop yields but had variable effects on the amount of NO3− leached. A winter forage crop following a summer corn crop effectively reduced the leaching of residual soil N following the corn crop. 相似文献
79.
Transformation of chlorophenols by nanoscale bimetallic particles represents one of the latest innovative technologies for environmental remediation. Nanoscale Pd/Fe bimetallic particles were synthesized in the laboratory for treatment of o-chlorophenol. Most of the nanoscale particles are in the size range of 20-100 nm. BET specific surface area of the nanoscale Pd/Fe particles is 12.4 m2/g. In comparison, a commercially available Fe powder( < 100 mesh) has a specific surface area of just 0.49 m2/g. Batch experiments demonstrated that the nanoscale Pd/Fe bimetallic particles can effectively dechlorinate o-chlorophenol. Dechlorination efficiency is affected by the mass fraction of Pd in the bimetal, nanoscale Pd/Fe mass concentration and mixing intensity. 相似文献
80.
本文论述了目前环境污染治理技术及其在应用中存在的问题。由于环境污染治理技术本身的局限性以及人们观念等原因 ,目前的环境污染治理存在一定的局限性 ,如何认识并克服它成为一个不容忽视的问题 ;并提出有实施污染治理过程中 ,必须用持续发展的理论进行指导 ,将污染物的污染防治战略转变为污染防止战略即“清洁生产”战略 相似文献