高速冲击下多胞材料细观结构中波传播规律

目的 获取安全防护结构中细观多胞材料在高速冲击下的波传播规律.方法 采用基于3D-Voronoi细观多胞结构数值仿真和基于最小二乘法的局部应变梯度法,研究细观多胞结构在高速冲击下的冲击波波阵面传播规律.通过细观多胞结构数值仿真提取的位移场数据,结合局部应变梯度法得到界面清晰的冲击波波阵面.结果 冲击端和支撑端分别诱发右...     

太阳活动变化与新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的发展

已有研究表明,新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称"新冠肺炎")和以往的传染病大流行与太阳活动存在着密不可分的关系.但是究竟存在什么样的关系,尚未形成一致的意见.并且这些研究大多关注于大流行事件发生的年份与太阳活动周峰谷值年份之间的对应关系,却很少分析大流行的发展过程与太阳活动过程之间的关系.本文基于2020-01-01?—?2...     

内陆输送过程中沙尘单颗粒类型及其非均相反应

采用单颗粒分析方法对2004 年2~3 月发生在北京的3 次沙尘暴的样品中沙尘颗粒物的化学成分进行了测定.3 次沙尘暴的反向轨迹图显示,它们主要来自于中国北部、西北部和蒙古的戈壁沙漠地区,且这些沙尘颗粒主要通过高空长距离输送到下游区域.使用带能谱的扫描电镜对481 个沙尘颗粒进行分析,并根据成分特征,把这些沙尘颗粒划分为8 种类型,主要类型有“富Si”、“富Ca”、“富S”、“富Fe”.将北京样品分析结果与呼和浩特、塔克拉玛干和敦煌的结果进行对比,结果显示,长距离输送的沙尘颗粒表面发生了SO₂ 的非均相化学反应,导致部分颗粒局部的表面发生化学修改作用,且“富Ca”的碱性矿物为非均相化学反应提供了更有利的反应界面.     

板桁结合加劲梁悬索桥颤振稳定措施试验研究∗

为了研究板桁结合加劲梁悬索桥的颤振稳定性,以国内某大跨悬索桥为背景,通过节段模型风洞试验分别研究了上、下中央稳定板以及水平稳定板的制振效果,并考察了阻尼比对主梁颤振临界风速的影响,最后对比研究了原设计方案和安装上中央稳定板的板桁结合加劲梁的三分力系数。研究结果表明：上中央稳定板可以有效抑制板桁结合加劲梁颤振,且颤振临界风速增长率随稳定板高度的增加呈非线性变化;安装于桥面下方的下中央稳定板不能改善主梁的颤振性能,但安装于下平联处的下中央稳定板可以在一定程度上提高主梁的颤振临界风速;安装于桥面板边缘处的水平稳定板会恶化主梁的颤振稳定性;将上、下中央稳定板联合使用时主梁可以取得更好的颤振性能。阻尼比对以扭转颤振为主的板桁结合加劲梁具有显著影响;安装与栏杆等高的上中央稳定板在小攻角范围内对主梁三分力系数的影响很小。     

Markers of oxidative stress and toxicant exposure among young waterpipe smokers in the USA

Waterpipe (aka hookah) tobacco smokers are exposed to toxicants that can lead to oxidative DNA and RNA damage, a precursor to chronic disease formation. This study assessed toxicant exposure and biomarkers of DNA [8-oxo-7, 8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG)] and RNA [8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo)] oxidative damage during smoking of flavored and non-flavored waterpipe tobacco. Thirty waterpipe smokers completed two counterbalanced 2-h lab waterpipe smoking sessions (flavored vs. non-flavored waterpipe tobacco). Urinary concentrations of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGuo and expired carbon monoxide (eCO) were measured before and after the smoking sessions. A significant increase in the urinary concentrations of 8-oxodG (from 2.12 ± 0.83 to 2.35 ± 0.91 ng/mg creatinine, p = 0.024) and 8-oxoGuo (from 2.96 ± 0.84 to 3.45 ± 0.76 ng/mg creatinine, p = 0.003) were observed after smoking the non-flavored and flavored waterpipe tobacco, respectively. Our results also showed that the mean ± SD of eCO increased significantly after smoking the flavored (from 1.3 ± 1.1 to 20.3 ± 23.6 ppm, p < 0.001) and non-flavored waterpipe tobacco (from 1.8 ± 1.2 to 24.5 ± 26.1 ppm, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the means of 8-oxodG (p = 0.576), 8-oxoGuo (p = 0.108), and eCO (p = 0.170) between the flavored and non-flavored tobacco sessions. Smoking non-flavored and flavored waterpipe tobacco leads to oxidative stress and toxicant exposure. Our findings add to the existing evidence about the adverse effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) and the need for strong policies to inform and protect young people from the risks of WTS.

     

Feasibility of nanoscale zerovalent iron-loaded sediment-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) for simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate: high selectivity toward dinitrogen and synergistic mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the process of water treatment, excessive nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are of great concern. Therefore, we prepared nanoscale zerovalent iron...     

Pyridinic N–reduced graphene oxide and ZnO composite synergistically enhance photocatalytic performance

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper reports the synthesis of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO)/zinc oxide (ZnO) composite photocatalysts by one-step hydrothermal...     

Explanation of heavy metal pollution in coal mines of china from the perspective of coal gangue geochemical characteristics

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the process of coal gangue surface accumulation and underground filling disposal, the heavy metals contained in coal gangue will inevitably...