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71.
本文以三种有机酸为代表,研究并建立了测定水稻土中有机酸的分光光度法。结果表明,三种有机酸的有色络合物具有相同的吸收光谱,且具有相同的最大吸收波长(λ_(mss)=500um)和相近的表观摩尔吸光系数。水分对酯化反应影响很大,含水量达4ml时,吸光值下降85%。酯化温度在10℃以上时,酯化率达最大值且保持稳定。在25℃时,显色反应20min趋干稳定,且在1h内吸光值下降不超过1.2%。土样中的有机酸采用NaCl溶液为提取剂,以3:1的液土比振荡提取30min,NaCl溶液浓度为1%就能达到良好的提取、过滤效果。提取液在烘干前需进行碱化,否则有机酸将损失30%以上。本法平均回收率为92.2%(n=5),标准差为0-0.0478cmol k8~(-1)(n=2-6),平均0.0142cmol kg~(-1)(n=26);变异系数为0—10%(n=2-6),平均4.87%(n=26);线性范围为0—0.0018mol L~(-1)。 相似文献
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73.
酸性pH及铝对鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)吸收^45Ca的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文用放射性核素~(45)Ca作为示踪剂,研究在酸性pH及加铝的条件下,鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)对钙离子的吸收分布情况.结果表明,在pH值为7.10时,~(45)Ca在鲤鱼体内各器官的96h放射仕比度为鳃13886 cpm·g~(-1),骨骼10811 cpm·g~(-1),肝脏3276cpm·g~(-2)·肌肉2865cpm·g~(-1);在酸性pH(4.30)条件下,鲤鱼对钙离子的吸收和积累受到明显抑制;加铝后,鲤鱼体内各器官~(45)Ca放射性比度与未加铝的对照组相比,下降百分比分别为鳃42、4%.骨骼18 5%,肝脏44、2% 并讨论了酸雨危害鱼体钙代谢的可能影响. 相似文献
74.
在合成卡那霉类似物的核心结构时,发现6-叠氮-6脱氧1,2;3,4-二-氧-惜内叉基-α-D-半乳糖的核磁共振数据与普通六元环的船式或椅式构象大不相同,进一步通过分子力学模型MMP2的计算,发现它具有扭船式的分子构象(Twist boat)。 相似文献
75.
Manjun Zhan Xi Yang Hongshen Yang Lingren Kong 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2007,1(3):311-315
The photochemical degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) was studied in the presence of natural humic substances from different origins under simulated solar irradiation. BPA underwent insignificant direct photolysis in neutral water, but rapid photosensitized degradation in four humic substances solutions via pseudo-first-order reaction occurred. The photo-degradation rate of BPA was insensitive to the different initial BPA concentrations and was inhibited in aerated solution compared with the deoxygenated medium. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as ·OH and 1O2 produced from excitation of humic substances under irradiation was determined from the quenching kinetic experiment using molecular probe. The five main intermediate photoproducts of BPA in Nordic lake fulvic acid (NOFA) were tentatively identified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS). Based on the identification of ROS and the analysis of photoproduct formation, the possible phototransformation pathways of BPA were proposed, involving the direct photolysis due to the energy transfer from the triplet state humic substance (3HS*) to BPA molecules and hydroxyl radical addition and oxidation as well. 相似文献
76.
原子吸收分光光度法测定植株中钙、镁的几种样品前处理方法的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文比较了原子吸收分光光度法测定植株中钙、镁的三种样品前处理方法:干友化法、1mol/LHCl振荡提取法(振荡法)和1mol/LHCl静止浸泡提取法(浸泡法).结果表明,振荡法和浸泡法对钙的测定结果平均分别为干灰化法的101%和92.0%,对镁的测定结果平均分别为103%和97.6%.振荡法和浸泡法与干灰化法之间不存在显著性差异(α=0.05),它们之间有极显著的正相关性(相关系数在0.99以上).因此,在大批量样品的常规分析中,1mol/LHCl提取法可代替干灰化法. 相似文献
77.
我国人口增长方式的转变与可持续发展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文探讨了人口增长的不同方式对可持续发展的影响,分析了我国可持续发展中存在的人口障碍,并提出建议以促进我国人口增长方式向有利于可持续发展方向转变。 相似文献
78.
重庆主城区大气总悬浮颗粒中有机碳和元素碳污染特征分析 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
在四个季节采样分析的基础上,本文报道了重庆市主城区江北区(商住区)和缙云山(清洁对照点)两个监测点总悬浮颗粒物质量浓度的空间分布和季节变化特征,同时利用热分解示差热导法元素分析仪测定了TSP中的OC和EC浓度,探讨了OC和EC含量并与北京相应功能区的TSP质量浓度及其OC和EC浓度进行了比较。结果表明:重庆市商住区和对照点TSP年均质量浓度均小于北京市商住区和对照点;重庆市商住区OC和EC年均质量浓度高于北京市商住区,北京市对照点OC和EC年均质量浓度高于重庆市对照点。两个城市的四个监测点OC/EC年均值均大于2.0,说明两城市城区二次污染比较严重。 相似文献
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80.
Functional zones in cities constitute the most conspicuous components of newly developed urban areas,and have been a hot spot for domestic and foreign investors in China,which not only show the expanse of urban space accompanied by the shifts both in landscape(from rural to urban)and land use(from less extensive to extensive),but also display the transformation of regional ecological functions.By using the theories and methods of landscape ecology,the structure of landscapes and landscape ecological planning can be analyzed and evaluated for studying the urban functional zones‘layout.In 1990,the Central Govermment of China declared to develop and open up Pudong New Area so as to promote economic development in Shanghai.Benefited from the advantages of Shanghai‘s location and economy,the government of Pudong New Area has successively built up 7 different functional zones over the past decade according to their functions and strategic goals.Based on the multi-spectral satellite imageries taken in 1990,1997and 2000,a landscape ecolgy analysis was carried out for Pudong New Area of Sanghai ,supported by GIS technology.Green space(including croplands )and built-up areas are the major factors considered in developing urban landscape.This paper was mainly concerned with the different spatial patterns and dynamics of green space,built-up areas and new buildings in different functional zones,as influenced by different spatial patterns and dynamics of green space,built-up areas and new buildings in different functional zones,as influenced by different functional layouts and development strategies.The rapid urbanization in Pudong New Area resulted in a more homogeneous landscape.Agricultural landscape and suburban landscape were gradually replaced by urban landscape as the degree of urbanization increased.As a consequence of urbanization in Pudong,not only built-up patches,but also newly-built patches and green patches merged into one large patch,which should be attributed to the construction policy of extensive green space as the urban development process in Pudong New Area.The shape of green area of 7 functional zones became more and more regular because of the horticultural needs in Shanghai urban planning.Some suggestions were finally made for the study of future urban planning and layout. 相似文献