蒽醌生产中废硫酸的萃取脱色处理

以萃取法对蒽醌生产中的废硫酸进行脱色处理,优化选择工对脱色工艺进行初步的探讨。处理前的废硫酸色度约５０００倍,ＣＯＤ浓度约３００００ｍｇ／Ｌ,经过萃取脱色后色度低于１５０倍,去除率〉９７％,ＣＯＤ浓度约２５０ｍｇ／Ｌ,去除率约为９９％,硫酸含量约４０％。同活性炭吸附等方法相比,该萃取法具有操作简单,成本低,处理效果好的特点。     

高温厌氧消化污泥的培养试验研究

在试验室半连续装置中培养高温厌氧消化污泥,以中温厌氧污泥作为种泥,中温启动运行一段时间后,再逐步升温,经过100d运行可达到高温厌氧消化运行的良好状态。整个试验过程中无需人为调节碱度,pH值比较稳定。45℃以下,升温对厌氧消化系统的扰动比较小,之后继续升温至48℃,厌氧消化系统不稳定。认为45～48℃可能存在着中温和高温厌氧消化的临界温度,在这一温度下,中温细菌可能会大量死亡,但是不适合高温菌生长或对应着较低的生长速率。     

人工复合生态系统对太湖局部水域水质的净化作用

根据不同生态类型水生高等植物的净化能力及其微生境特点,设计建造了由漂浮、浮叶、沉水植物及其根际微生物等组成的人工复合生态系统（artificialcomplexecosystem;AcE）,并在太湖五里湖中桥湖湾内以动态模拟试验,从群落水平研究了多种水生植物镶嵌组合的人工复合生态系统对富营养化湖水的净化能力。结果表明,富营养化湖水经该系统净化后,藻类生物量（以Chla计）下降58％,氨氮下降66％,总氮下降60％,总磷下降72％,可溶性磷酸盐下降80％,水质得到明显改善。与以该湖湾湖水为水源的水厂出水相比,人工复合生态系统出水的氨氮比水厂出水的氨氮平均低45％,总氮低37％,可见经人工复合生态系统处理的湖水部分指标优于同源的自来水。     

聚合氯化铁絮凝处理低温低浊水的研究

通过聚合氯化铁(PFC)对高岭土悬浮颗粒的絮凝试验中浊度和Zeta电位的测试,发现低温时在相同的PFC投药量下随着碱化度(B)的增大,Zeta电位减小;在达到相同的浊度去除,低温时PFC的投加量要小于常温时,在相同的药剂投加量低温时Zeta电位要高于常温时;温度降低PFC水解和沉淀速度减小,使得PFC水解中间体更易与污染物反应,同时增强了电中和能力,减少了PFC的用量;温度的降低使得PFC的多核羟基络合物中间体水解程度减小而保持形态的时间延长,所以PFC比传统混凝剂FeCl3处理低温低浊水更有效。     

Expanding the valorization of waste mushroom substrates in agricultural production: progress and challenges

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Waste mushroom substrate (WMS) generated in large quantities from mushroom production process has caused severe environmental pollution. As a...     

Simultaneous removal of PCDD/Fs and mercury by activated carbon from a full-scale MSW incinerator in southeast China

This study emphasized on the removal performance of polychlorinated-ρ-dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and mercury by different activated carbon injection (ACI) rates from a full-scale (700 t/d) MSW incinerator. The result exhibited that the emission standard of PCDD/Fs and mercury could be met when the ACI rate reached 50 mg/Nm³ and 30 mg/Nm³, respectively. Lower chlorinated PCDD/Fs and PCDFs showed higher removal efficiencies compared with highly chlorinated PCDD/Fs and PCDDs, which could be attributed to the larger competitiveness of highly volatile congeners in AC adsorption than the lower volatile ones. AC turned out to have different adsorption selectivity for CP-routes PCDD/Fs congeners, among which 1379-TCDD was preferred to be absorbed while others exhibited little or poor selectivity for AC adsorption. The removal efficiency of PCDD/Fs was positively correlated with ACI rate at 99% confidence interval with a linear relationship (R²?=?0.98). Also, the outlet concentration of mercury decreased with the increase of ACI rate in a nearly linear function (R²?=?0.96). These results will be meaningful for the rational use of AC for pollutants control.

     

厌氧/特异性移动床生物膜反应器处理低碳氮比工业废水脱氮效果优化分析

采用SDC-03型填料作为生物载体,对厌氧/特异性移动床生物膜反应器(A/SMBBR)工艺处理低碳氮比工业废水的挂膜启动及稳定运行过程进行优化分析。通过单因素试验和基于Box-Behnken设计的响应曲面法考察了碳源投加量(以乙醇为碳源)、水力停留时间(HRT)及填料填充率对系统TN去除率的影响及其交互作用。结果表明:(1)3个参数对TN去除率影响顺序为填料填充率碳源投加量HRT,其中填料填充率和HRT之间的交互作用最显著。(2)模型预测的最佳条件为碳源投加量90mg/L、HRT=3.0d、填料填充率55%,TN去除率预测值为90.78%。在该条件下TN去除率实际值达91.02%,与模型预测值基本一致,表明响应曲面模型与实际情况拟合良好。     

一种新型垃圾焚烧发电废水浓液的处理工艺技术

垃圾发电涉及烟气、废水、炉渣及飞灰的三废处理,如何在全厂工艺中合理消纳废水、这涉及各类设备新材料的应用以及结合生产中各种工艺的相互穿插应用,以便在工艺中的各环节,消纳废水。我国垃圾发电行业起步晚,各工艺独立且单一,本文以项目实例,在烟气处理工艺中,采用新型旋转雾化器,引入废水的浓液作为旋转雾化器冷却水,达到烟气处理与废水浓液处理两种工艺交叉,一起重叠处理,在烟气中蒸发,与常规垃圾电厂将浓液泵入石灰浆溶液中再达到旋转雾化器相比,开辟了一条有效的路径。     

氧化石墨烯抗菌性及生物安全性研究进展

氧化石墨烯是一种表面有丰富含氧官能团的石墨烯衍生物,具有与石墨烯相似的二维蜂窝状晶格结构,从而导致了其具有电学、光学、力学特性和良好的生物相容性,被广泛应用于材料学、生物医学和药物传递等诸多领域。因氧化石墨烯日益增多的生产和使用,其在空气、水和土壤中大量积累,引发了人们对其生物安全性的高度关注。以微生物、陆生动植物和水生动植物为分类标准,综述了近几年氧化石墨烯对微生物、动物和植物的毒性影响,总结并分析了三者的毒性机理,比较了不同生存环境下其对动植物毒性影响的不同,旨在更加全面地揭示氧化石墨烯的生物安全性,为氧化石墨烯安全使用剂量和其功能化应用提供一定的参考。     

Are energy conservation and emission reduction policy measures effective for industrial structure restructuring and upgrading?

The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the 10 important strategies of environmental management in China. The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the important strategies of environmental management in China. Based on the systematic collection of 1,195 energy conservation emission reduction policies, we discuss the influence of individual measure and measure synergy of energy conservation and emission reduction policies respectively. The results show that the energy conservation and emission reduction policies have a significant effect on the overall promotion of industrial upgrading. The financial measures and guidance measures have a positive impact; the financial measures and guidance measures have significantly positive effect; however, the administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures do the opposite; the positive effect of the synergy of guidance measures and financial measures is greater than the negative effect of considering only the synergy of fiscal tax measures and other economic measures, and significantly greater than the negative effect of the synergy of administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures. We should strengthen and emphasize the use of the measure that has positive effect on industrial structure restructuring and upgrading individually and synergistically.