邯钢炼铁系统粉尘污染防治技术分析

重点介绍了邯钢新建2000m^3高炉（7^#高炉）出铁场和槽下上料系统粉尘污染治理方面的成功经验，并对应用电除尘器处理粉尘的技术进行了简要分析。     

Forecasting energy demand of China using Bayesian Combination model

To analyze the impact of the related economic factors on China's energy demand, Path analysis is used to analyze the major factors and their direct and indirect effects on energy demand. This study showed that the main factors that affect the energy demand are the economic growth, the total population, and the primary energy structure, the economic growth is the main determining factor, and the primary energy structure is the major restrictive factor. On this basis and considering the multicollinearity and the validity of the forecast, we established a partial least-square (PLS) and the trend extrapolation prediction model, and then we sum up all the information to found a PLS—trend extrapolation combination forecasting model based on the optimized combining forecast theory. Finally, we obtain the probability distribution of the error using the Bayesian statistic theory and find the confidence interval of combining forecasting result. The results indicate that the outcome of combining forecasting will be more precise after using the Bayesian error correction approach.     

Potential health risk of arsenic and cadmium in groundwater near Xiangjiang River, China: a case study for risk assessment and management of toxic substances

As part of our efforts to find effective methods to the drinking water risk management, the health risk assessment of arsenic and cadmium in groundwater near Xiangjiang River was analyzed. The results suggest that although the arsenic and cadmium concentrations in 97% of groundwater sources are less than the requirement of Water Quality Standards for Drinking Water (GB5749-2006) in China, the residents served by almost all of the investigated centralized drinking water sources have a significant potential health risk by consumption, especially cancer risk. It is justified through analyses that risk assessment is an effective tool for risk management, and the maximum permissible concentration of arsenic and cadmium in drinking water (0.01 and 0.005?mg L^-1, respectively) is suitable for China at present, considering the current economic status of China. Risk managers develop cleanup standards designed to protect against all possible adverse effects, which should take into account highly exposed individuals, effects of mixtures of toxic substances, attendant uncertainties, and other factors such as site-specific (or generic) criteria, technical feasibility, cost?Cbenefit analyses, and sociopolitical concerns.     

Characteristics of environmental factors and their effects on CH4 and CO2 emissions from a closed landfill: An ecological case study of Shanghai

To elucidate the influence of landfill gas (LFG) emission on environmental factors, an ecological investigation that was primarily concerned with the characteristics of vegetation, cover soil, and solid waste in the landfill was carried out. Temporal and spatial variations in vegetation diversity and coverage and their effects on reducing the emission of methane in the landfill were investigated. The results showed that both vegetation coverage and diversity increased with elapsed landfill closure time. The transition trend of the vegetation species was from perennial plant (Phragmites australis) to annual plants. Perennial vegetation was the dominant type of vegetation during the early closure period, and annual vegetation coverage increased with closure time. Vegetation preferentially appeared in areas of comparatively high depth of cover soil, which was characterized by high moisture retentiveness that enabled vegetation growth. The concentrations of methane and carbon dioxide in the cover soil significantly decreased with increasing closure time. The concentrations of methane and carbon dioxide from bare cover soil were higher than those from vegetated cover soil whereas the CO₂ flux of bare cover soil was less than that of vegetated cover soil.     

The electrochemical selective reduction of NO using CoSe2@CNTs hybrid

Converting the NO from gaseous pollutant into NH₄ ⁺ through electrocatalytical reduction using cost-effective materials holds great promise for pollutant purifying and resources recycling. In this work, we developed a highly selective and stable catalyst CoSe₂ nanoparticle hybridized with carbon nanotubes (CoSe₂@CNTs). The CoSe₂@CNTs hybrid catalysts performed an extraordinary high selectivity for NH₄ ⁺ formation in NO electroreduction with minimal N₂O production and H₂ evolution. The specific spatial structure of CoSe₂ is conductive to the predominant formation of N-H bond between the N from adsorbed NO and H and inhibition of N-N formation from adjacent adsorbed NO. It was also the first time to convert the coordinated NO into NH₄ ⁺ using non-noble metal catalysis. Moreover, the original concept of employing CoSe₂ as eletrocatalyst for NO hydrogenation presented in this work can broaden horizons and provide new dimensions in the design of new highly efficient catalysts for NH₄ ⁺ synthesis in aqueous solution.

     

烧烤场景中基于PBPK模型的人群PAHs暴露评估

为探究烧烤场景中人群多环芳烃(PAHs)的暴露特征与健康风险,使用美国环保署推荐的计算模型和基于生理的药代动力学模型(PBPK)模拟了我国人群的PAHs外暴露剂量和健康风险以及内暴露剂量变化情况。结果表明:1)普通居民和职业人群的日均苯并[a]芘等效摄入剂量为(50±3)ng·d~(-1)和(179±98)ng·d~(-1),其终生致癌风险为7.57×10~(-7)~1.28×10~(-5),均在可接受范围内;2)普通居民暴露后体内组织中PAHs内暴露标志物芘的最大浓度范围依次为肝(6.52~8.67 ng·L~(-1))肾(0.97~1.12 ng·L~(-1))静脉血(0.71~0.94 ng·L~(-1))皮肤(0.64~0.75 ng·L~(-1))脂肪(0.36~0.56 ng·L~(-1)),职业人群暴露后体内组织芘最大浓度为脂肪(2.97ng·L~(-1))皮肤(1.14 ng·L~(-1))≥肾(1.14 ng·L~(-1))肝(0.57 ng·L~(-1))静脉血(0.17 ng·L~(-1));3)膳食是普通人群的主导暴露途经,会导致肝组织浓度最大;呼吸和皮肤接触是职业人群的主导暴露途经,会导致脂肪组织浓度最大;4)暴露标志物芘的组织总富集量关系为职业人群(48 ng·d~(-1))大于普通人群(6~11 ng·d~(-1))。     

Comparing the performance of landfill liner systems

 Some minimum design requirements for landfill liner systems were compared, and the performance of several Japanese liner systems was investigated by two-dimensional (2D) contaminant transport analysis. We demonstrate that (1) the performance of each system specified by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (at present the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare) varies, (2) the adsorption characteristics of the mineral barrier has a significant effect on the contaminant transport process, and (3) a geomembrane layer in the barrier system is very efficient in reducing the peak concentration of contaminants in the groundwater beneath a landfill even if the geomembrane has a number of defects. Under the conditions considered, the analysis results show that a liner system without a geomembrane layer should be avoided. Received: July 4, 2001 / Accepted: March 26, 2002     

地理信息系统在环境影响评价中的应用

从项目环境影响评价（EIA）的局限性出发，简述了目前EIA的研究现状，同时概述了地理信息系统（GIS）的功能和应用，重点讨论了环境影响评价领域中应用地理信息系统的现状、必要性及其展望。