溶胶-凝胶法制备磁载光催化剂

悬浮态的光催化反应器相比固载的光催化反应器有更高的光催化效率。但是如何在光催化反应完成后使催化剂与水溶液的分离 ,成为了一个关键的问题。本研究采用溶胶 凝胶法将二氧化钛直接沉积在磁性颗粒的表面 ,制备出了磁载的光催化剂。这种催化剂在保留了磁性能具有可磁分离的基础上又具有很好的光催化降解效果。     

Conversion of waste plastics into value-added carbon materials

Plastic pollution is a major environmental issue worldwide, calling for advanced methods to recycle waste plastics in the context of the circular economy. Here we review methods and strategies to convert waste plastics into value-added carbon materials, with focus on sources, properties, pretreatment of waste plastics, and on preparation of carbon materials. Pretreatment techniques include mechanical crushing, plastic stabilization and electrospinning. Carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon nanosheets, carbon spheres and porous carbon are prepared by oxygen-limited carbonization, catalytic carbonization, the template-based method, and pressure carbonization. We emphasize the conversion of polyethene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, halogenated plastics, polyurethane and mixed plastics.

     

Influence of H2S and NH3 on biogas dry reforming using Ni catalyst: a study on single and synergetic effect

● NH₃ in biogas had a slight inhibitory effect on dry reforming. ● Coexistence of H₂S and NH₃ led to faster decline of biogas conversion. ● Regeneration was effective for catalysts deactivated under synergetic effect. Biogas is a renewable biomass energy source mainly composed of CH₄ and CO₂. Dry reforming is a promising technology for the high-value utilization of biogas. Some impurity gases in biogas can not be completely removed after pretreatment, which may affect the performance of dry reforming. In this study, the influence of typical impurities H₂S and NH₃ on dry reforming was studied using Ni/MgO catalyst. The results showed that low concentration of H₂S in biogas could cause serious deactivation of catalyst. Characterization results including EDS, XPS and TOF-SIMS confirmed the adsorption of sulfur on the catalyst surface, which was the cause of catalyst poisoning. We used air calcination method to regenerate the sulfur-poisoned catalysts and found that the regeneration temperature higher than 500 °C could help catalyst recover the original activity. NH₃ in the concentration range of 50–10000 ppm showed a slight inhibitory effect on biogas dry reforming. The decline rate of biogas conversion efficiency increased with the increase of NH₃ concentration. This was related to the reduction of oxygen activity on catalyst surface caused by NH₃. The synergetic effect of H₂S and NH₃ in biogas was investigated. The results showed that biogas conversion decreased faster under the coexistence of H₂S and NH₃ than under the effect of H₂S alone, so as the surface oxygen activity of catalyst. Air calcination regeneration could also recover the activity of the deactivated catalyst under the synergetic effect of H₂S and NH₃.     

十溴二苯乙烷对蚯蚓亚急性毒性及微生物群落结构影响

新型溴系阻燃剂十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)生产和使用量日益增大,在环境中的检出率越来越高,其生态风险正受到广泛关注.然而,有关DBDPE对陆地无脊椎生物毒性效应以及微生物群落结构的影响知之甚少.探究了不同剂量(5、10、20、50和100mg·kg-1)DBDPE暴露对赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)生长、行为...     

Preparation and catalytic properties of ZrO2-Al2O3 composite oxide supported nickel catalysts for methane reforming with carbon dioxide

ZrO2-Al2O3 composite oxides and supported Ni catalysts were prepared, and characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The catalytic performance and carbon deposition was also investigated. This mesoporous composite oxide is shown to be a promising catalyst support. An increase in the catalytic activity and stability of methane and carbon dioxide reforming reaction was resulted from the zirconia addition, especially at 5wt% ZrO2 content. The Ni catalyst supported ZrO2-Al2O3 has a strong resistance to sintering and the carbon deposition in a relatively long-term reaction.     

Stabilization effects of surplus soft clay with cement and GBF slag

Utilization of industrial waste and surplus construction soft clay as construction material was recommended, and many attempts at geotechnical waste utilization were undertaken. This study aimed at the application of cement and a kind of industrial wastes, i.e. granulated blast furnace slag, on stabilization of surplus soft clay. The results showed that the cement and slag can successfully stabilize Ariake clays even though this high organic clay fails to be stabilized by lime and cement. Addition of slag in cement for stabilization induces higher strength than cement alone for longer curing time. The application of the cement with slag is more suitable than cement alone for stabilization because of economical consideration.     

新生态MnO2吸附剂对酸性媒介染料废水脱色特性研究

本文主要报道了一种用于染料废水处理的新型材料即新生态MnO2 及其对三种酸性媒介染料染色废水的脱色作用及影响脱色效果的主要因素。研究结果表明 ,新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介染料的吸附能力很强 ,当染料浓度为2 0 0mg/L、pH <2时 ,其对酸性媒介黑T、酸性媒介绿G和酸性媒介黄GG的脱色率分别达 98.2 %、94.5 %和 96 .4%。染料吸附效果受体系pH值、MnO2 投加量、吸附时间及温度等因素的影响 ,其中pH值是最主要的影响因素。新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介黄GG的吸附作用符合Langmuir吸附等温式     

卷烟企业安全检查考核管理模式研究

安全检查考核是解决企业安全生产过程中存在的问题,有效预防安全事故发生的重要环节和有效手段。根据《国家烟草专卖局关于认真落实国务院办公厅进一步推进安全生产＂三项行动＂通知的通知》和《烟草行业安全生产工作要点》等一系列文件精神和要求,明确安全管理目标和任务指标,认真落实安全生产责任制,严格执行安全生产监管考核机制,结合滕州卷烟厂的实际情况,提出了卷烟企业安全检查考核管理模式。     

浅谈国内外安全帽生产技术

安全帽作为对自然人头部受坠落物体或其他特定因素引起的伤害所采用的个人防护用品,越来越受到世界各国的安全防护行业的重视。特别是在发达国家,不断进行技术创新,更新安全帽标准。本文从安全帽技术领域方面．详细介绍各国制造安全帽常用材料的性能与特点,安全帽的模具材料、加工工艺、先进生产技术以及主要国家的安全帽检测标准差异。     

美军信息化单兵防护装备浅析

信息化单兵防护装备集战场防护、信息处理功能于一体,以士兵作战需求为核心,采用新材料及新技术,通过一体化、系统化集成设计,有效利用士兵身体作为携行平台,实现了单兵综合作战效能的提升。