萍乡市"十二五"地下水环境质量评价及污染防治研究

通过对地下水监测数据的分析研究,采用内梅罗指数评价法对萍乡市"十二五"的地下水环境质量进行了综合评价,并对地下水的污染防治提出了合理的措施和建议,为地下水的合理开发利用及污染防治提供理论参考.地下水是人类赖以生存的重要资源,其质量的优劣会直接影响城市的可持续发展,正确合理地评价地下水水环境质量,对保护地下水资源、准确掌握污染状况具有积极意义.     

Seasonal variation of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons along the Kaohsiung coast

Thirty-three air samples were collected by high-volume samplers from May 2007 to June 2008 in the coastal area of southwest Taiwan and analyzed for total suspended particulates (TSP) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Concentrations of TSP and total PAHs ranged from 40.4 to 251 μg m(-3) and 1.86-56.4 ng m(-3), respectively. Except for joss paper burning during the religious celebration of Ghost Month, which resulted in the highest concentration of PAHs in the summer of 2007, a seasonal variation in total PAH concentration was observed over this study period, with the highest concentrations in winter and the lowest in summer. Because of the geographical and climatic characteristics of the sampling site, monsoon activities modulate the seasonal variations of PAHs. Diagnostic ratios showed that PAHs in the atmosphere of the Kaohsiung coastal area arose predominantly from vehicle emissions (mainly from diesel exhaust), joss paper burning, and coal/wood combustion. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the sampling days could be divided into three groups and that the major source identification of PAHs was the same as the identification by diagnostic ratios. In addition, the results of HCA and PCA suggest that the samples collected with a prevailing northerly or northeasterly wind direction contain both local emissions and those from neighboring sources. On the other hand, the cases related to westerly or northwesterly winds indicated that local emission was the major source for the sampling site.     

面向大学校园的碳足迹行为的分析研究

世界人口日益增长,人均碳排放依然逐年增加,探索低碳、环境友好型经济增长模式,发展"低碳"应成为每个企业和公民的责任,而大学生作为享受高等教育的群体,更应培养"低碳生活"的习惯。以校园"碳足迹"行为为调查内容,分析校园碳足迹的分布情况,结合数值优化思想与数理统计方法,得到一套完整的低碳校园解决方案,并提出一种节能减排意识的培养机制,逐步让节能减排成为一种时尚。     

Inactivation, reactivation and regrowth of indigenous bacteria in reclaimed water after chlorine disinfection of a municipal wastewater treatment plant

Disinfection of reclaimed water prior to reuse is important to prevent the transmission of pathogens. Chlorine is a widely utilized disinfectant and as such is a leading contender for disinfection of reclaimed water. To understand the risks of chlorination resulting from the potential selection of pathogenic bacteria, the inactivation, reactivation and regrowth rates of indigenous bacteria were investigated in reclaimed water after chlorine disinfection. Inactivation of total coliforms, Enterococcus and Salmonella showed linear correlations, with constants of 0.1384, 0.1624 and 0.057 L/(mg·min) and R² of 0.7617, 0.8316 and 0.845, respectively. However, inactivation of total viable cells by measurement of metabolic activity typically showed a linear correlation at lower chlorine dose (0-22 (mg·min)/L), and a trailing region with chlorine dose increasing from 22 to 69 (mg·min)/L. Reactivation and regrowth of bacteria were most likely to occur after exposure to lower chlorine doses, and extents of reactivation decreased gradually with increasing chlorine dose. In contrast to total coliforms and Enterococcus, Salmonella had a high level of regrowth and reactivation, and still had 2% regrowth even after chlorination of 69 (mg·min)/L and 24 hr storage. The bacterial compositions were also significantly altered by chlorination and storage of reclaimed water, and the ratio of Salmonella was significantly increased from 0.001% to 0.045% after chlorination of 69 (mg·min)/L and 24 hr storage. These trends indicated that chlorination contributes to the selection of chlorine-resistant pathogenic bacteria, and regrowth of pathogenic bacteria after chlorination in reclaimed water with a long retention time could threaten public health security during wastewater reuse.     

Surfactant-assisted adsorption of uranyl ions in aqueous solution on TiO2/polythiophene nanocomposite

In this work, hexadecyltrimethylammonium-bromide (HTAB)-modified polythiophene (PTh)/TiO₂ nanocomposite (HTAB/PTh/TiO₂) was applied to remove uranyl ions (UO₂²⁺). FT-IR, XRD, ζ potential, TGA, SEM, and XPS were utilized to obtain the chemical and physical properties of HTAB/PTh/TiO₂. The effects of HTAB content, preparation temperature, and adsorption conditions on UO₂²⁺ removal were investigated comprehensively. And the UO₂²⁺ adsorption process on HTAB/PTh/TiO₂ was fitted to the Sips model with a saturated adsorption capacity of 234.74 mg/g, which was 6 times over TiO₂. The results suggested that the surfactant of HTAB can significantly improve the adsorption ability of TiO₂ for UO₂²⁺ ions. This work provides a strategy of surfactant modification for enhancing the separation and recovery ability of adsorbent toward UO₂²⁺ in the radioactive wastewater.

     

Association between ambient temperature and childhood respiratory hospital visits in Beijing,China: a time-series study (2013–2017)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Little is known on the potential impact of temperature on respiratory morbidity, especially for children whose respiratory system can be more...     

Ecological treatment technology for agricultural non-point source pollution in remote rural areas of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the important reasons for rural water pollution, and it is also an important source of water...     

以第二方审核促进承包商自主HSE管理

分析了承包商HSE监督管理方面存在的不足,提出第二方审核作为监督管理的延伸和补充,在促进承包商自主管理、自我提升和培养长期合作承包商的作用和意义,指出针对不同类型承包商开展第二方审核的实施重点。     

10万t锌系统电除尘器的设计与应用

对某厂采用普通型板式电除尘器处理l0万t锌沸腾焙烧烟气,在使用不到一年时间,造成设备腐蚀,甚至腐烂,严重影响了沸腾焙烧和制酸的正常生产,而被迫废弃的原因进行了较详细的叙述与剖析,并在此基础上重新设计研制了1台与实际生产相适应的GW1-55P-4 型电除尘器,于1998年9月建成并一次试车投产成功.