Living with climate change risks: stakeholders’ employment and coastal relocation in mediterranean climate regions of Australia and Spain

Climate change impacts are no longer just a future issue for communities in the Mediterranean climate regions. This comparative study offers insights on climate change risk perceptions and attitudes among environmental, economic and social stakeholders in coastal areas in northeastern Spain and South Australia, as well as compares interviewed stakeholders’ risk perceptions with available documentary data and participant observation. Using a community risk assessment approach, the results show that some stakeholders perceive that climate change is already and/or may further continue to affect their employment, mostly in a predominantly negative way. Interestingly, some other interviewed stakeholders consider that climate change creates opportunities through new and additional areas of work. The findings also suggest that climate change may influence relocation of coastal residential populations in both case studies, which is likely to be an acceptable option among the stakeholders. This acceptance can be linked to the fact that in both areas there is a significant percentage of resident population with migrant background. This study calls for a need to understand better the personal experience of climate change in industrialized countries, as well as to consider coastal relocation in the integrated coastal planning and other territorial and population policies.     

电化学法消毒处理医院污水的试验研究

采用电化学法消毒处理医院污水,通过选用不同阳极材料构建的电化学体系,探讨电化学法的消毒机理.试验表明,以涂有贵金属(钌、铂和铱)氧化物的钛板作阳极,不锈钢板作阴极,在电流密度为8 mA/cm2、水力停留时间为15 min、空气流量为40L/h、极水比为1.0的试验条件下,消毒后污水中总大肠菌群数＜500 cfu/L,达到国家一级排放标准(GB8978-1996).     

基于BP模型的降雨酸度预测方法研究与应用

将通过同步观测实验系统获得的影响降雨酸度的主要大气污染物和气象参数观测结果作为自变量,降雨酸度作为因变量,建立了基于BP神经网络模型的降雨酸度预测模型。并通过设定天津市区未来环境空气中TSP、SO_2和NO_2的浓度变化情景,运用本研究所建立的BP网络模型进行情景分析。结果表明,降雨酸度随着TSP浓度的减小而增强,随着降雨量的增大也在增强;当TSP浓度降低到几十微克每立方米水平时,天津市区所发生的降雨属于酸雨的可能性将大大增加。     

Hydrological connectivity and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Burkholderia pseudomallei</Emphasis> prevalence in wetland environments: investigating rice-farming community’s risk of exposure to melioidosis in North-East Thailand

In our analysis of 136 water samples from wetland environments (rice paddies, natural wetland sites, man-made water bodies) in rural areas of North-East Thailand, Burkholderia pseudomallei was most prevalent in rice paddies (15 of the 30 positive sites). The high prevalence in the water of rice fields is indicative of the inherent vulnerability of farmers in rural agricultural areas in this area of Thailand and likely other locations in the tropics. Nearly all B. pseudomallei-positive sites were found within the vicinity of a large wetland associated with the Chi River, in the month of July 2014. Positive samples were found in water ranging in pH from 5.9 to 8.7, salinity ranging from 0.04 to 1.58 ppt, nitrate ranging from 0 to 10.8 ppm, and iron ranging from 0.003 to 1.519 ppm. Of these variables, only iron content was statistically higher in B. pseudomallei-positive versus B. pseudomallei-negative sites, suggesting that increasing concentrations of iron may encourage the growth of this bacterium, which is responsible for melioidosis. Our results, when combined with data from other published studies, support the notion that B. pseudomallei can exist in a wide range of environmental conditions. Thus, we argue that health safety education is a more appropriate means of addressing farmer vulnerability than chemical or physical alterations to fields at large scales. Further, it may be important to investigate melioidosis through transdisciplinary approaches that consider the complex social and ecological contexts in which the disease occurs.     

制革厂铬鞣废水中铬的回收处理研究

针对制革厂铬鞣废水含铬(Cr3 )量高、成分复杂、沉淀后铬泥纯度低的问题,本实验采用优化后的直接加碱沉淀法、絮凝后再加碱沉淀法和新型的硅铁电极法来回收铬鞣废水中的铬.3种方法所得铬泥的纯度分别在36%、65%和80%以上,比原铬泥纯度(27.7%)最多提高了近2倍.     

成型膨润土和钛柱撑膨润土对水中Pb2+和氯乙酸吸附及再生

针对水中微量铅离子和氯乙酸的脱除,考察了成型膨润土及成型钛柱撑膨润土的吸附性能,得出对铅离子的吸附,成型膨润土、成型钛柱撑膨润土与粉末状活性炭性能相当,而对氯乙酸的吸附前两者要比粉末状活性炭低好多.确定了成型膨润土吸附氯乙酸后可用沸水煮沸30 min的方法再生,成型钛柱撑膨润土吸附氯乙酸后,可用500℃焙烧3 h的方法再生,再生的膨润土循环使用3次后性能降低明显.此外,还测得了成型的膨润土及成型的钛柱撑膨润土吸附铅离子和氯乙酸的等温线,计算出其对铅的最大吸附量分别为24.33 mg/g和15.47 mg/g.     

对安全生产标准化建设的探讨

从安全生产标准化建设的内容、制定方法、体系及效果,结合实际经验进行了探讨.安全生产标准化建设的实施为职工创造了一个安全舒适的工作环境,制约了生产过程中的不安全因素,避免了因环境因素引起的违章作业,是传统安全管理迈向科学安全管理的必由之路.     

攀钢烧结机头烟气脱硫技术方案的建议

主要介绍了攀钢烧结机头烟气现状 ,并分析了该烟气中硫元素的主要来源 ;目前国内部分已运用于生产和正处于研究、开发阶段的大烟气量低浓度 SO2 脱硫技术 ;日本新日铁株式会社已运用于生产的利用活性炭吸附的烧结烟气脱硫、脱硝技术。并对攀钢进行烧结烟气脱硫提出了一些建议。     

气流噪声治理及设计

本文根据气流噪声的频率特性和发声部位,提出重点降噪与综合整治的方法,对城市气流噪声污染进行控制。     

聚硅酸锌絮凝剂的电镜特征和絮凝效果

利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了聚硅酸锌（PSAZ）絮凝剂的凝胶颗粒结构,考察了不同浓度的锌离子与二氧化硅含是以及不同阴离子组成对聚硅酸锌絮凝胶结构的影响,对比了锌离子和铝离子形成聚硅酸盐絮凝剂的结构特征。同时比较了聚硅酸锌絮凝剂和铝系列絮凝剂的絮凝效果。