新一代分子标记技术——AFLP

ＡＦＬＰ（Ａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔｌｅｎｇｔｈｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｓｍ）是近年来发展起来的最有效的新一代分子标记技术．本文对ＡＦＬＰ的发生发展、基本原理、反应程序，在植物分子生物学研究中的应用以及方法本身的优缺点进行了介绍和评述．     

砷在金属氧化物/水界面上的吸附机制Ⅰ.金属表面羟基的表征和作用

利用红外光谱对铁铈氧化物(Fe-Ce)吸附材料中的金属表面羟基(M-OH)进行了表征,并探讨了金属羟基在砷吸附中的作用.透射和原位温度漫反射-傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)表征结果表明,Fe-Ce表面存在丰富的M-OH,但M-OH含量随制备温度升高而逐渐减少;Fe-Ce上的M-OH与一般金属氧化物的表面羟基特性存在显著不同,可能是一种特殊类型的结构性羟基.对砷吸附前后的Fe-Ce材料进行透射FTIR表征,发现砷饱和吸附后M-OH的摇摆振动消失,同时生成了新的As-O振动峰,表明M-OH在砷的去除中起着重要的作用;初始吸附pH由9.0降至5 0只引起了吸附剂上As-O键的伸缩振动向高频略微偏移;综合FTIR结果可以推测,M-OH和砷阴离子发生了直接的表面络合,在不同的pH条件下均与砷形成了内层络和物.     

Surface properties and catalytic performance of La(1-x)Sr(x)FeO(3) perovskite-type oxides for methane combustion

La(1-x)Sr(x)FeO(3) (x=0.0-1.0) perovskites were prepared and tested for the combustion of methane. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed the presence of a single perovskite structure for substitutions 0x0.3, however Fe(2)O(3), SrCO(3) and SrFeO(3) phases were observed for substitutions x>0.3. The results of activity test indicate that with La(1-x)Sr(x)FeO(3) as the catalyst, the combustion of methane can take place at low temperatures around 400 degrees C. Partial substitution of La with Sr increases the activity and an optimal substitution fraction (x=0.5) exists in the La(1-x)Sr(x)FeO(3) catalysts. Catalyst activity can be well correlated to the product of the specific surface area and atomic ratio of Fe to La+Sr on the catalyst surface. Experimental results of O(2)-TPD and CH(4)-TPD in the range of 350-500 degrees C indicate that the amount of oxygen desorbed from the La(1-x)Sr(x)FeO(3) catalysts is far larger than that of methane. Therefore, it can be proposed that the catalytic oxidation of CH(4) over these catalysts proceeds with the surface reaction between CH(4) in the gas phase and the adsorbed O(2). Addition of water vapor or CO(2) to the feed inhibited catalyst activity, but the inhibition was reversible and became negligible at high reaction temperature.