Cell wall surface layer (S-layer) promotes colony formation in Microcystis: comparison of S-layer characteristics between colonial and unicellular forms of Microcystis and function conformation

Colony is a key to Microcystis becoming a dominant population and forming blooms. To find the mechanism of colony formation, we investigated cell wall structures of colonial and unicellular strains. Results showed that colonial strains had significant surface layer protein (S-layer) on the surface of cells than unicellular strains by transmission electron microscopy. Western blot showed colonial strains had more S-layer than the unicellular strains. When the S-layer gene (GenBank accession number CAO89090.1) of Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7806 was expressed in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, PCC6803 aggregated into colonial morphology. The results indicated that the S-layer could promote colony formation in Microcystis. Based on the S-layer sequences of PCC6803 and PCC7806, nine S-layer genes in other Microcystis strains were screened from the GenBank. Sequence comparing showed that the S-layers conserved regions were all located in N-terminal. The S-layers contain repeats-in-toxin (RTX) sequences with Ca²⁺-binding site, and their amino acid composition, hydrophobicity, isoelectric point, etc. were consistent with the characteristics of RTX-type S-layer in bacteria.

     

Transfer assessment of carbendazim residues from rapeseed to oil production determined by HPLC–MS/MS

Abstract

It is crucial to develop practical procedures for the control and reduction of pesticide residues in oil productions from farm to dining table. In this study, the dissipation behaviors of typical fungicide from rapeseed to oil production were studied to reveal relationship among spraying stage, application dosage, household oil processing stage, and pesticide residues. In the field trials, rape plants were sprayed with carbendazim at three different dosages during flowering period. Transfer assessment of carbendazim residues from rapeseed to oil production during household oil processing via different press techniques was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The recoveries of carbendazim in rapeseed samples, meals after squeezing samples, and rapeseed oil samples ranged from 82.5% to 93.6% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ＜5.2%. The validation results illustrated that the methods were reliable and sensitive. The average processing factor (PF) during household oil processing via hot press technique and cold press technique was 0.15 and 0.51, respectively. This study demonstrated that household oil processing could significantly reduce the pesticide residues, especially by hot press technique.     

Neurological effects of subchronic exposure to dioctyl phthalate (DOP), lead,and arsenic,individual and mixtures,in immature mice

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) (200, 500, and 1000 mg kg?1 bw, i.g.), Pb (Ac)2 (50 mg L?1, p.o.), and NaAsO2 (10 mg L?1, p.o.) were...     

Fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision analysis of environmental regulation and green economic efficiency in a post-COVID-19 scenario: the case of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak posed serious threats not only to global health but also to the worldwide development regime. The experts, economists,...     

斜坡地形CO2扩散规律相似试验研究

基于相似性原理,在不同坡度(0°、20°、30°、45°)及不同地面粗糙度(木质地面、土质地面)条件下进行了小尺寸的CO2泄漏试验,研究坡度和地面粗糙度对CO2泄漏扩散的影响,为全尺寸现场CO2泄漏试验提供参考。结果表明:坡度的存在对CO2扩散产生了较为明显的影响,坡度越大,斜坡上体积分数梯度越大,坡度小于20°时,对CO2扩散影响几乎无影响,坡度大于30°时,影响开始凸显;与无坡度的平面扩散相比,斜坡下方出现明显的CO2聚集区域,坡度越大,聚集现象越明显,体积分数分布越平均;地面粗糙度的增加使整体CO2体积分数有明显的上升,泄漏口附近(0.25 m)体积分数上升最为明显,整个泄漏场浓度分布更加平均,浓度梯度更小;此外,地面粗糙度的增加一定程度上抑制了泄漏过程的卷吸效应。     

还原中和-A/O工艺处理冷轧不锈钢废水工程实例

主要介绍冷轧不锈钢废水水质和处理工艺的情况.高浓度的Cr6 、F和石油类化合物是该废水的主要特征,通过将冷轧不锈钢生产线各工段排出的酸性废水,以亚硫酸氢钠法还原Cr6 、石灰法除F和总Cr,碱性废水中和处理,含油废水气浮除油后,汇总进入A/O生物处理工艺,处理后废水的各项出水指标均达到广东省《水污染排放限值》(GB44/26-2001)一级标准.     

与地震危险性分析结果相一致的震害预测方法

本文提出了一种基于地震危险性分析结果的震害预测方法,其震害预测结果与地震危险性分析结果相一致。并以房屋倒塌及人员死亡两个单项震害为例,说明如何把地震危险性分析结果与震害预测相结合。     

灾害保险在灾害防御中的作用：以江苏省自然灾害为例

本文以江苏省的自然灾害为例,阐述了灾害保险在减轻自然灾害损失中的作用,提出在经济发达地区,灾害保险应作为灾害防御对策中的重要方面。     

OPTIMUM STORAGE VOLUME OF ROOFTOP RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS FOR DOMESTIC USE1

ABSTRACT: Major parameters and optimum storage volumes of rooftop rain water harvesting systems (RRWHSs) have not been investigated in detail in Taiwan. Accordingly, the four major parameters of RRWHSs were herein identified and elucidated using a simulation method. Because the performance of the RRWHSs is sensitive to the runoff coefficient, a field experiment was conducted to determine the runoff coefficient more precisely for various types of roofs. A simulation model including production theory was developed and employed to estimate the most cost effective combination of the roof area and the storage capacity that best supplies a specific volume of water. Consequently, the expansion path of optimum solutions for different volumetric reliability of water supply can be determined. Additionally, the method based on the marginal rate of substitution can be used for determining the rational volumetric reliability. The procedures developed herein constitute an effective tool for preliminarily estimating the most satisfactory storage capacity of any specific roof area and for determining the rational reliability of a corresponding water supply.     

The nexus amid foreign direct investment,urbanization, and CO2 emissions: Evidence from energy grouping along the ECOWAS community

Environment, Development and Sustainability - The vision of every country or subregions is to achieve economic growth and sustainable economic growth. Thus, the Economic Community of West African...