秦岭生态补偿理论研究与实践进展

生态补偿是通过经济手段促进生态保护与受益地区利益共享的制度设计,是促进我国生态文明建设的重要举措。秦岭是我国重点生态功能区,国家重要的生态安全屏障。生态补偿作为协调秦岭地区生态环境保护和社会经济发展的制度安排,有助于推动该区生态环境的保护与可持续利用,对实现秦岭地区社会经济可持续发展、促进人与自然和谐共生具有重要意义。本文系统梳理了秦岭生态补偿相关理论研究与实践,主要包括秦岭在区域调水、森林生态效益、生物多样性保护、矿产资源开发等方面的生态补偿研究,以及秦岭生态补偿相关政策法规制定、南水北调、退耕还林（草）以及生态移民搬迁等具体生态保护工程补偿实践,并从补偿对象、补偿标准、公众参与、补偿方式几个角度探讨了秦岭生态补偿存在的问题,提出了秦岭生态补偿研究的建议与对策。     

Applying the GM(1,1) model to simulate and predict the ecological footprint values of Suzhou city,China

The ecological footprint value (abbreviated as EF) is the quantitative indicator on evaluating the sustainable development status of a region. How to simulate the EF’s trend with a long-time data series has been heatedly discussed. The economic development of Suzhou, one of the most developed cities in Yangtze Delta, China, has been accelerated in the past 20 years, and it is necessary to evaluate the influence of the socioeconomic growth on local natural resources. The EF values of Suzhou from 1999 to 2018 were calculated and simulated using both the ARIMA model and the GM(1,1) model. The ARIMA model has been used in the prediction of EF values in several cases. However, the EF data series of the city consisted of white noise and could not be fitted by the ARIMA model. The GM(1,1) model, an approach forecasting nonlinear data series, was not found in the studies of the EF simulation. Through the model precision test, the GM(1,1) model introduced fit the EF data series well and was considered to be appropriate to simulate the EF values for Suzhou. The fitting performance was accurate, and the EF values of the city could be forecasted by the model in short term. With the proposed model, the ecological sustainability status of the city was analyzed.

     

Bioaerosol: A Key Vessel between Environment and Health

Airborne transmission of infectious diseases has become a topic of intense debate since the outbreak of COVID-19.This special issue entitled"Bioaerosol,Environm...     

管式膜分离器净化含苯废气的研究

试验以管式硅橡胶膜分离器处理含苯废气,测定了在此种膜分离器中含有苯、二甲苯的废气对空气的分离因子,并推导出分离因子与流过管式膜分离器的气体雷诺数关系.低浓度含苯废气经膜分离使苯蒸气富集,然后加以回收或以催化燃烧方法处理。     

水力负荷对生物陶粒反应器运行的影响

不力负荷较低是影响生物陶粒反应器在实际中运用推广的重要因素之一。本实验研究了不同水力负荷条件下生物陶粒反应器对进水中有机物,氨氮及其它污染物的去除效果。结果表明,不同水力负荷对生物陶粒反应器处理效果没有影响,对ＯＣ,氨氮,ＵＶ２５４,色度和浊度去除率分别为２０％,９０％,３０％,３８％,７６％。     

掺铁TiO2对庚烷气相光催化活性的研究

以乙酰丙酮铁和钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,制备掺铁TiO2复合光催化剂,以光催化降解正庚烷为反应模型,测定掺铁对TiO2光催化剂的结构、光吸收和光催化活性的影响．XRD的表征结果显示,焙烧温度升高,锐钛矿型TiO2转化成金红石型,且在700℃下有铁板钛矿生成;UV-Vis的结果表明,TiO2掺铁后增强了在可见光区的吸收,并且随着含铁量的增大,红移增大,提高了对可见光的利用率．相同掺铁量(Fe／Ti=0．07)下,500℃焙烧的光催化剂对庚烷的光催化降解活性最高,300℃次之,700℃最差．相同焙烧温度下,掺铁量在0．007-0．07范围内,光催化活性随掺杂量的增大而下降．     

分指数分级评分叠加法在水质评价中的应用

提出了一种新的具有明确物理意义、且计算简单的“分指数分级评分叠加法”,讨论了该方法评价的表示方法,并给出了应用实例。     

基于异养-硫自养反硝化耦合技术的陶粒-硫磺混合生物填料对城市污水处理厂尾水的深度脱氮

针对城市污水处理厂脱氮能力的不足,设计了2种不同体积比的陶粒-硫磺混合生物填料反应器(陶粒与硫磺的体积比分别为2∶1和5∶1),并用其对城市污水处理厂尾水进行了深度处理.结果表明,陶粒与硫磺体积比为2∶1的混合生物填料反应器(R2,高硫耦合组)在C/N为4,HRT为4h的条件下处理模拟废水时脱氮效率最高,TN平均去除率...     

Endocrine disrupting pesticides in soil and their health risk through ingestion of vegetables grown in Pakistan

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A comprehensive study was conducted to appraise the concentrations of 30 endocrine disrupting pesticides (EDPs) in soil and vegetable samples...     

连云港春季PM2.5中主要水溶性无机离子污染特征及来源解析

于2017年3月1日—5月31日监测分析了连云港市大气PM_(2.5)中主要水溶性无机离子质量浓度的日变化规律,以及与气象因子、PM10、PM_(2.5)相关性。结果表明,水溶性无机离子质量浓度与环境空气中NO_2、CO、PM_(10)、PM_(2. 5)显著相关,与气温、风速、能见度等呈负相关;日变化呈明显单峰型,峰值出现在08:00左右;水溶性无机离子季度均值为27. 2μg/m~3,占ρ(PM_(2.5))平均50%左右,ρ(NO_3~-)、ρ(SO_4~(2-))和ρ(NH_4~+)占ρ(水溶性无机离子)总85%以上;指出,SO_4~(2-)主要受远距离传输的影响,NO_3~-和NH_4~+主要受局地源的影响。