Tour Level Mode Choice Analysis of Madison Area in Wisconsin

Abstract

This study is to investigate what factors and how they affect tours (trip chains) behavior. The key issue is the understanding and definition of tour and tour level mode. Also, these definitions should fit for the data. A semi-home based tour definition is stated, and a competing mode based tour mode is defined. Based on the definition, this study used Madison Area Data from National Household Survey to estimate a MNL structured model. It is found that travel distance could be a positive factor for car mode. Meanwhile, the number of trips is also a positive factor for choosing car.     

1961～2010年华中区域降水变化特征分析

收集1961～2010年华中区域239个气象站点,选择通过均一化检验的233个站点作为研究对象,系统分析了近50a华中区域降水变化特征。结果表明:1961～2010年华中区域年降水量无明显的增减趋势,20世纪60年代降水接近常年,90年代降水偏多,70～80年代、21世纪初降水偏少。降水纬向分布特征比较显著,由南向北逐渐递减,且空间分布不均匀。年降水日数减少趋势显著,减少速率为3.4d/10a。1989年以后区域降水量增加明显,2006年以后降水减少,同时存在2a左右周期振荡;降水日数在1986年以后减少明显。春、秋季降水总体减少,减少速率分别为5.4、12.2mm/10a;夏、冬季降水总体增加,增加速率为15.9、6.3mm/10a。四季降水日数的变化速率分别为-1.4、0.2、-2.1、-0.1d/10a。     

投入产出模型在工业生态系统分析中的应用

应用投入产出模型构建出工业生态系统物质流分析的基本框架，在此基础上提出工业生态系统“关键种企业”的识别方法。以及工业生态系统企业能量消耗特征、累计污染排放特征的量化分析方法。这些分析方法将是辅助工业生态系统日常管理与维护的有力工具。     

论社会经济发展主导要素的演替

社会发展是人有目的的行为的结果，因此，社会发展的决策者对社会发展趋势与规律的正确认识与把握是至关重要的。基于此，选取社会发展实践活动中最基本、最具决定意义的经济领域，探讨经济发展主导要素的演替规律，并用中国近50多年经济发展的实证研究佐证理性分析的结果。结论是：在经济发展的不同阶段，主导性发展要素不同，要素整合形式也不同，大致表现为“劳动力为主导→资本（自然资源、人造资本、资金）为主导→知识（科技、信息、管理）为主导→环境质量为主导”各个发展阶段的逐步演替。     

城市供水管网漏损控制潜力研究

在我国备城市普遍缺水的同时,城市供水管网的漏损状况却相当的严重,科学衡量漏损控制的潜力,对于控制漏损和科学地进行城市水资源规划和需求管理非常重要.从技术潜力、经济潜力、社会潜力三方面将城市供水管网漏损控制的潜力进行了分析.提出了以社会最优值作为漏损控制的目标,以社会潜力作为需求管理的依据,同时综合考虑技术潜力和经济潜力.社会最优控制水平和企业的经济漏损控制水平之间有时会存在很大差异.科学的划分政府和企业在控制漏损的义务是非常必要的,如果需要企业的漏损控制水平小于经济漏损水平时政府应该给予一定的补偿,这样才能增加企业控制管网漏损的积极性.     

SEISMIC DISASTERS IN CHINESE MAINLAND IN 2000

ＯｕｔｌｉｎｅｓｏｆｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａｉｎ 2 0 0 0　ＴｈｅｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｅｖｅｌｏｆｓｅｉｓｍｉｃａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｉｎＣｈｉｎａｉｎ 2 0 0 0ｗａｓｌｏｗｅｒｔｈａｎｉｎ 1 999,ｗｉｔｈａｔｏ ｔａｌｏｆ 50ｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓ (Ｍｓ≥ 5.0 ) (ｓｅｅＴａｂｌｅ 1 ) ;ｂｕｔｔｈａｔｉｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｍａｉｎｌａｎｄｗａｓｓｌｉｇｈｔｌｙｈｉｇｈｅｒ ,ｗｉｔｈ 30ｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓ(Ｍｓ≥ 5.0 ) ,ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ 1 3ｑｕａｋｅｓｏｃｃｕｒｒｉｎｇｉｎＱｉｎｇｈａｉＰｒｏｖｉｎｃ…     

毛纺废水中有机卤化物的产生,测定和处理

毛纺加工过程产生有机卤化物，以人类造成极大危害，近几年越来越受到重视，文章综述了有机卤化物的毛纺加工各工序中的产生，可吸附有机卤化物等的测定及其处理方法和相关立法状况。     

A Multiple Lines of Evidence Framework to Evaluate Intrinsic Biodegradation of 1,4‐Dioxane

Development of a multiple lines of evidence (MLOE) framework to evaluate the intrinsic biodegradation potential of 1,4‐dioxane is vital to implementing management strategies at groundwater sites impacted by 1,4‐dioxane. A comprehensive MLOE approach was formed to provide significant evidence of natural degradation of 1,4‐dioxane comingled with tetrahydrofuran (THF) within a large, diffuse plume. State‐of‐the art molecular biological analyses and compound‐specific isotope analysis (CSIA) were employed to support more traditional approaches for data analysis (concentration trend analyses, spatial distribution, temporal changes, geochemical biodegradation attenuation indicators, plume mass estimates, and fate and transport modeling). The molecular analyses demonstrated that microorganisms capable of both metabolic and cometabolic degradation of 1,4‐dioxane were present throughout the groundwater plume, whereas the CSIA data provided supporting evidence of biodegradation. 1,4‐Dioxane biomarkers were present and abundant throughout the 1,4‐dioxane plume, and our biomarkers tracked the plume with reasonable accuracy. Evidence also suggests that THF‐driven cometabolic biodegradation as well as catabolic 1,4‐dioxane biodegradation were active at this site. These data supplemented the traditional lines of evidence approaches, which demonstrated that 1,4‐dioxane attenuation was occurring across the groundwater plume and that nondestructive physical processes alone did not account for the observed 1,4‐dioxane attenuation. This MLOE framework combining new and traditional analyses demonstrates that this site has a significant capacity for intrinsic biodegradation of 1,4‐dioxane. ©2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.