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排序方式: 共有284条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
161.
为了探明乌鲁木齐市小白菜中Pb的污染来源,采用Pb同位素示踪法,结合盆栽试验种植小白菜,测定了成熟期小白菜不同部位Pb同位素单体计数值及其比值,分析了灌溉水、土壤、降尘对小白菜Pb的贡献率及小白菜Pb的可能来源.结果表明:大气降尘、灌溉水和土壤对小白菜地上部Pb的贡献率分别为51.50%、31.8%、16.7%,大气降尘对小白菜可食用部Pb含量的影响最大;对小白菜根系Pb累积的贡献率分别为2.20%、77.5%、20.30%,灌溉水对小白菜根系Pb含量累积的影响最大.尾气烟灰、燃煤、建筑降尘是导致乌鲁木齐市叶类蔬菜可食用部Pb含量超标的主要原因. 相似文献
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163.
Xiaoxue Ruan Yingying Xiang Chii Shang Shuangshuang Cheng Jingfu Liu Zhineng Hao Xin Yang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(4):24-36
UV/chlorine process, as an emerging advanced oxidation process (AOP), was effective for removing micro-pollutants via various reactive radicals, but it also led to the changes of natural organic matter (NOM) and formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). By using negative ion electrospray ionization coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS), the transformation of Suwannee River NOM (SRNOM) and the formation of chlorinated DBPs (Cl-DBPs) in the UV/chlorine AOP and subsequent post-chlorination were tracked and compared with dark chlorination. In comparison to dark chlorination, the involvement of ClO?, Cl?, and HO? in the UV/chlorine AOP promoted the transformation of NOM by removing the compounds owning higher aromaticity (AImod) value and DBE (double-bond equivalence)/C ratio and causing the decrease in the proportion of aromatic compounds. Meanwhile, more compounds which contained only C, H, O, N atoms (CHON) were observed after the UV/chlorine AOP compared with dark chlorination via photolysis of organic chloramines or radical reactions. A total of 833 compounds contained C, H, O, Cl atoms (CHOCl) were observed after the UV/chlorine AOP, higher than 789 CHOCl compounds in dark chlorination, and one-chlorine-containing components were the dominant species. The different products from chlorine substitution reactions (SR) and addition reactions (AR) suggested that SR often occurred in the precursors owning higher H/C ratio and AR often occurred in the precursors owning higher aromaticity. Post-chlorination further caused the cleavages of NOM structures into small molecular weight compounds, removed CHON compounds and enhanced the formation of Cl-DBPs. The results provide information about NOM transformation and Cl-DBPs formation at molecular levels in the UV/chlorine AOP. 相似文献
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165.
Ruan Min Zhang Yanru Wu Xikai Sun Yutong Huang Zhongliang Li Hui Hu Zhangmao Wu Zijian Zhang Xuan Qin Xiaoli Huang Jing 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(8):19980-19993
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of initial particle size (IPS) on the environmental parameters and heavy metal speciation... 相似文献
166.
Ruan Shuhe Zhuang Yanhua Hong Song Zhang Liang Wang Zhen Tang Xianqiang Wen Weijia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(10):10472-10483
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Critical periods (CPs) and critical source areas (CSAs) refer to the high-risk periods and areas of nonpoint source (NPS) pollution in a watershed,... 相似文献
167.
A nicotine-degrading bacterium, strain HF-2, was isolated from tobacco waste-contaminated soil and identified as a member of Arthrobacter sp. based on morphology, physiological tests, 16S rDNA sequence and phylogenetic characteristics. At thermal denaturation test indicated that the G + C mol% of strain HF-1 was 63.5. The relationship between the growth of the isolate and the nicotine degradation suggested that strain HF-2 could utilize nicotine as sole sources of carbon, nitrogen and energy. Blue pigment was observed during the nicotine degradation by strain HF-2. The isolate grew well at 20 to 33 degrees C, initial pH 6.5 to 8.0 and 0.5 to 2.0 g L-1 of nicotine concentration in the nicotine inorganic salt media. The maximum growth and nicotine degradation occurred at 30 degrees C, initial pH 7.0 and 0.7 g.L-1 of nicotine concentration in media under natural incubation condition. Strain HF-2 could degrade 100% of nicotine under the optimized incubation conditions for 43 h. The concentrations of nicotine were monitored by high performance liquid chromatography. This study demonstrates Arthrobacter sp. strain HF-2 had a great ability to degrade nicotine, and it may be available for the application to the bioremediation of environments contaminated by tobacco waste. 相似文献
168.
高压聚乙烯装置料仓闪燃隐患综合治理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阮赤宇 《安全.健康和环境》2005,5(8):28-31
介绍了茂名石化分公司化工事业部高压聚乙烯装置料仓闪燃隐患治理的情况.根据存在的问题从两个方面进行了改造:采用多重管重力掺混技术,降低气相粉尘浓度,减少静电积聚;在料仓底部增设通风口,增加氮气、空气反吹管等,减少可燃气体积聚. 相似文献
169.
Vanni Bucci Marin Vulić Xiaodan Ruan Ferdi L. Hellweger 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2011,47(3):611-619
Bucci, Vanni, Marin Vuli?, Xiaodan Ruan, and Ferdi L. Hellweger, 2011. Population Dynamics of Escherichia coli in Surface Water. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 47(3):611‐619. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00528.x Abstract: Present models of the fate of enteric bacteria in surface water usually assume simple first‐order decay. However, observed decay kinetics are typically biphasic and there is increasing evidence for growth in the ambient environment. These features are similar to the stationary phase of long‐term batch cultures, where the dynamics are the result of repeated cycles of population takeovers by Growth Advantage in Stationary Phase (GASP) mutants able to scavenge nutrients released from dead cells. We investigated the possible role of this mechanism (i.e., growth of an adapted subpopulation) in surface water using laboratory experiments with various strains of Escherichia coli in different types of water. Addition of ampicillin (which only kills dividing cells) to these cultures caused a decrease in the total cell density, demonstrating the presence of a growing subpopulation. Furthermore, long‐term survivors from surface water cultures outcompete naïve cells and take over the population in surface water. This growth advantage is heritable (i.e., aged strains were isolated from a single cell) and consistent with the GASP mechanism, although the responsible loci were not identified. Our results show that E. coli populations in surface water are dynamic and consist of dying naïve cells and growing surface water adapted cells. These results can explain the apparent biphasic decay pattern observed in laboratory experiments. This mechanism may also be important in the ambient environment. 相似文献
170.