交联淀粉微球微波辅助反相乳液法合成及性能研究

以甲基紫吸附去除效率作为考核指标,研究了淀粉(ST)、交联剂N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAA)、引发剂(K2S2O8/NaHSO3)用量、聚合温度以及聚合反应时间等因素对微波辅助反相乳液法制备交联淀粉微球(CSM)的影响,利用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、电镜扫描仪(SEM)、比表面积分析仪等对CSM进行了表征,对比了优化条件下水浴和微波两种不同加热方式合成CSM的吸附效率.结果表明,MBAA成功与淀粉交联成类球状聚合物,聚合微球平均粒径约为9.253μm,聚合微球明显增加了微孔面积,微波加热合成的CSM对甲基紫的吸附率高于水浴加热合成的CSM.     

Comparison of inorganic and composite ferric oxide sorbents for arsenic removal

Three different sorbents based on hydrated ferric oxide (GEH, ArsenX^np and Lewatit FO 36) were compared from the viewpoints of their column operation. Particle size distribution, pressure drop across the column and ferric oxide content were measured. Sorption capacities under the presence of accompanying ions were measured in batch wise and column experiments.     

地铁动荷载作用下隧道-地裂缝-地层的三维动力响应

为了探明西安地裂缝场地地铁动荷载作用下的隧道-地层动力响应特征,提出了基于ABAQUS的地铁振动响应三维模拟方法,实现了地铁多轮对荷载的移动。通过有限元计算,得到了整体式隧道的振动响应特征和振动波在地裂缝场地的传播规律,并将有无地裂缝时的振动响应进行了对比,分析了地裂缝对振动响应的影响。计算表明:单节车辆诱发振动沿纵向的影响范围不超过75 m;地铁运行诱发的振动以竖向为主,振动沿横向传播时水平振动衰减较慢;在本次模拟工况下,地裂缝的存在对地裂缝邻近约12 m范围内土体的振动影响较大,对衬砌结构的影响不显著。     

吉林省糠醛工业发展现状与地方环境标准的比对分析

糠醛工业属重污染行业。本文结合吉林省糠醛工业实际生产状况和污染防治的发展趋势,针对糠醛工业粉尘、甲醇、丙酮、气态糠醛及臭气浓度排放量的实测数据进行了系统的比对分析,并为吉林省《糠醛工业污染物控制要求》中"大气污染物排放要求"的进一步完善、升级提出了合理化建议。     

Remediation of Ni2+-contaminated water using iron powder and steel manufacturing byproducts

Steel manufacturing byproducts and commercial iron powders were tested in the treatment of Ni^2＋-contaminated water. Ni^2＋ is a priority pollutant of some soils and groundwater. The use of zero-valent iron, which can reduce Ni^2＋ to its neural form appears to be an alternative approach for the remediation of Ni^2＋-contaminated sites. Our experimental data show that the removal efficiencies of Ni^2＋ were 95.15% and 94.68% at a metal to solution ratio of 20 g/L for commercial iron powders and the steel manufacturing byproducts in 60 min at room temperature, respectively. The removal efficiency reached 98.20% when the metal to solution ratio was 40 g/L for commercial iron powders. Furthermore, we found that the removal efficiency was also largely affected by other factors such as the pHs of the treated water, the length of time for the metal to be in contact with the Ni^2＋-contaminated water, initial concentrations of metal solutions, particle sizes and the amount of iron powders. Surprisingly, the reaction temperature appeared to have little effect on the removal efficiency. Our study opens the way to further optimize the reaction conditions of in situ remediation of Ni^2＋ or other heavy metals on contaminated sites.     

Fine dust filtration using a metal fiber bed

A bed-type filter composed of thin metal alloy fiber was closely examined with dust capturing in cold and hot runs. The investigation of an individual mechanism across the filter bed indicated that the aerated dust could be initially collected by depth filtration, and after a while, surface filtration dominated the overall dust collection. The present metal fiber bed was comparable to the conventional ceramic filters because of its good collection efficiency with low pressure drop. It also showed potential to be used as a prefilter in a diesel exhaust trapping system.     

SO2浓度的概率分布类型研究

用数理统计的原理，当样本容量满足检验方法要求时，用柯尔莫哥洛夫－－斯米尔诺夫、皮尔逊、概率纸等法对绵阳市城区ＳＯ２监测值进行分布类型的统计检验。其结果ＳＯ２的时空分布类型为近似对数正态。用几何均数代表样本的平均值，例行监测时段的ＳＯ２测值与增加采样频率后的测值基本无差异。而用算术均数表示平均值时，均值则落在总体均值的置信区间外。故当样本分布类型确定后，样本的主要特征数应由分布类型确定。     

软岩地基下AP1000核电屏蔽厂房结构地震响应研究

以AP1000核电屏蔽厂房结构为研究对象,进行考虑土-结构相互作用的地震响应分析,探讨不同厚度和不同地表倾斜角度软岩场地对屏蔽厂房结构地震响应的影响。利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了软岩层厚度分别为25、30、35、40m以及地表倾斜角度分别为0°、3°和6°的土-结构相互作用模型,实现了地震动输入。对计算所得楼层响应谱进行对比分析可知,软岩层较硬岩层对地震传播有一定的放大效应,软岩层厚度的增加会使峰值频率往低频方向移动;倾斜场地对楼层响应谱高频部分有一定的放大效应。该研究结果对软岩场地下核电厂抗震安全评价具有一定参考意义。     

典型工业园污染源羰基化合物排放特征研究

选取中国华东地区某工业园新区典型行业企业进行现场采样,利用PFPH衍生化-GC/MS联用技术进行羰基化合物(CBCs)的组成特征和含量水平检测,研究其排放特征。结果表明,在该工业园新区内共检出22种CBCs,各化合物的质量浓度为0.008~239.4μg/m~3,各企业CBCs总质量浓度均值为(437.62±64.45)μg/m~3,工业污染源排放贡献率由高至低顺序依次为涂料制造橡胶制造医药制造化学品制造金属制造电子元件制造。根据各物质化学反应活性及大气化学寿命,获得该工业园新区典型的CBCs分子标志物为甲醛、乙醛、丙酮、丙醛、2-丁酮、丁醛、己醛、环己酮和苯甲醛,它们占总CBCs含量的80.01%,其中乙醛含量最高,质量浓度均值高达(95.42±71.48)μg/m3。最后,建立了6种典型工业污染源CBCs成分谱。