全文获取类型
收费全文 | 543篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1篇 |
废物处理 | 9篇 |
环保管理 | 25篇 |
综合类 | 299篇 |
基础理论 | 86篇 |
污染及防治 | 97篇 |
评价与监测 | 21篇 |
社会与环境 | 12篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 11篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 21篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 20篇 |
2007年 | 18篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 14篇 |
2003年 | 15篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 8篇 |
1967年 | 8篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
1965年 | 11篇 |
1964年 | 4篇 |
1963年 | 13篇 |
1962年 | 10篇 |
1961年 | 9篇 |
1960年 | 10篇 |
1959年 | 13篇 |
1958年 | 9篇 |
1957年 | 7篇 |
1956年 | 9篇 |
1955年 | 7篇 |
1954年 | 5篇 |
1953年 | 6篇 |
1952年 | 5篇 |
1951年 | 4篇 |
1938年 | 4篇 |
1930年 | 4篇 |
1926年 | 6篇 |
1914年 | 6篇 |
1913年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有551条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
161.
162.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination of surface sediments and oysters from the inter-tidal areas of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gaspare L Machiwa JF Mdachi SJ Streck G Brack W 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(1):24-34
Surface sediment and oyster samples from the inter-tidal areas of Dar es Salaam were analyzed for 23 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including the 16 compounds prioritized by US-EPA using GC/MS. The total concentration of PAHs in the sediment ranged from 78 to 25,000 ng/g dry weight, while oyster concentrations ranged from 170 to 650 ng/g dry weight. Hazards due to sediment contamination were assessed using Equilibrium Partitioning Sediment Benchmarks and Threshold Effect Levels. Diagnostic indices and principle component analysis were used to identify possible sources. Interestingly, no correlation between sediment and oyster concentrations at the same sites was found. This is supported by completely different contamination patterns, suggesting different sources for both matrices. Hazard assessment revealed possible effects at six out of eight sites on the benthic communities and oyster populations. The contribution of PAH intake via oyster consumption to carcinogenic risks in humans seems to be low. 相似文献
163.
164.
Ulrike Kammann Michael Vobach Werner Wosniok Andreas Schäffer Andreas Telscher 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2009,16(2):227-231
Background, aim and scope Nonylphenol (NP) can be detected in the aquatic environment all over the world. It is applied as a technical mixture of isomers
of which 353-NP is the most relevant both in terms of abundance (about 20% of total mass) and endocrine potential. 353-NP
is metabolised in sewage sludge. The aims of the present study were to determine and to compare the acute toxicity of t-NP,
353-NP and its metabolites as well as to discuss if the toxicity of 353-NP changes during degradation.
Materials and methods 353-NP and two of its metabolites were synthesised. The zebrafish embryo test was performed according to standard protocols.
Several lethal and non-lethal endpoints during embryonal development were reported. NOEL, LOEL and EC50 were calculated.
Results All tested compounds caused lethal as well as non-lethal malformations during embryo development. 353-NP showed a higher toxicity
(EC50 for lethal endpoints 6.7 mg/L) compared to its metabolites 4-(3.5-dimethyl-3-heptyl)-2-nitrophenol (EC50 13.3 mg/L) and 4-(3,5-dimethyl-3-heptyl)-2-bromophenol (EC50 27.1 mg/L).
Discussion In surface water, concentrations of NP are far below the NOEC identified by the zebrafish embryo test. However, in soils and
sewage sludge, concentrations may reach or even exceed these concentrations. Therefore, sludge-treated sites close to surface
waters should be analysed for NP and its metabolites in order to detect an unduly high contamination due to runoff events.
Conclusions The results of the present study point out that the toxicity of 353-NP probably declines during metabolisation in water, sediment
and soil, but does not vanish since the major metabolites exhibit a clear toxic potential for zebrafish embryos.
Recommendations and perspectives Metabolites of environmental pollutants should be included in the ecotoxicological test strategy for a proper risk assessment.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
165.
Ralf Zimmermann Fabian Mühlberger Katrin Fuhrer Marc Gonin Werner Welthagen 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2008,10(1):24-31
A recently developed novel intense rare-gas excimer vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light source, the electron beam-pumped excimer
lamp (EBEL), has been applied to the soft single-photon ionization (SPI) of organic molecules in a compact orthogonal acceleration
time-of-flight mass spectrometer (oaTOFMS). The SPI-oaTOFMS system was applied to the on-line monitoring of tobacco smoke. With this setup, it was possible to analyze the composition
of individual puffs of cigarette smoke. Furthermore, a gas chromatograph (GC) was coupled to the EBEL SPIoaTOFMS system. Soft photo-ionization represents an additional separation dimension. By combination of the gas chromatographic
and the soft-ionization mass spectroscopic separation dimensions, a truly multidimensional comprehensive analytical method
could be derived. 相似文献
166.
Estrogenicity profile and estrogenic compounds determined in river sediments by chemical analysis, ELISA and yeast assays 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Viganò L Benfenati E van Cauwenberge A Eidem JK Erratico C Goksøyr A Kloas W Maggioni S Mandich A Urbatzka R 《Chemosphere》2008,73(7):1078-1089
An effects-directed strategy was applied to bed sediments of a polluted tributary in order to isolate and identify the major estrogenic chemicals it discharges into the River Po, the principal Italian watercourse. Sediment extract was concentrated by solid phase extraction and then fractioned into 10 fractions by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Estrogenic activity of whole extract and fractions were determined using a recombinant yeast assay containing the human estrogen receptor (YES). The 10 fractions and whole extract were analysed for target compounds, e.g. estrone (E1), 17beta-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (t-OP), bisphenol A (BPA), using both liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The YES assay determined high estrogenic activity in whole sediment (15.6 ng/g EE2 equivalents), and positive results for fractions nr 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8. E1, E3 and NP were the main estrogenic chemicals, however, other unidentified compounds contributed to sediment estrogenicity, particularly for polar fractions nr 1 and 2. A GC-MS screening performed in scan mode identified other potential contributors such as phthalates (DBP, BBP), and OP isomers. A next sampling campaign extended to other tributaries and receiving stretches of the River Po confirmed E1, E3 and NP as major estrogenic chemicals potentially threatening other sites of the main river. In general, target compound ELISAs have been shown to be suitable tools for a rapid screening of wide areas or large numbers of environmental samples for estrogenic risk. The potential for interferences suggests however to use cautiously the concentration values obtained from some of the immunoassays. 相似文献
167.
de Souza Pereira M Waller U Reifenhäuser W Torres JP Malm O Körner W 《Chemosphere》2007,67(9):1728-1735
Monitoring of immission of persistent organic pollutants in the industrialized area of Volta Redonda (V.R.) and in the National Park of Itatiaia (PNI) in southeast Brazil was performed using an endemic Bromeliad species as biomonitor and measuring total deposition rates on funnels covered with polyurethane foams. Samples were collected during 78 days in V.R. and 95 days in PNI in winter (dry season, June-August 2003) and during 114 days in both areas in summer (rainy season, December 2003-February 2004). The PCDD/PCDF deposition rates ranged from 0.10 to 1.9 pg WHO-TEQ/(m2 day) in winter and from 0.11 to 2.2 pg WHO-TEQ/(m2 day) in summer. Deposition rates found in V.R. in summer were four- to ninefold higher than those measured in PNI, while in winter deposition rates in both regions were in the same range. Deposition rates in V.R. in summer were about five fold lower than those measured in 1996. PCDD/PCDF levels in biomonitor samples were between 0.95 and 14.6 ng WHO-TEQ/kg d.m. in winter and between 2.2 and 5.2 ng WHO-TEQ/kg d.m. in summer. In winter, concentrations found in V.R. were up to 11 times higher than those found in PNI, while in summer the levels measured in both areas were comparable. The homologue and isomer profiles found in the deposition as well as in the biomonitor samples from V.R. indicate that steel production is the main source of contamination in the region, whereas in PNI, the long range transport of these pollutants is the predominant contamination pathway. 相似文献
168.
169.
Kaluzhnaya OV Belikov SI Schröder HC Rothenberger M Zapf S Kaandorp JA Borejko A Müller IM Müller WE 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2005,92(3):128-133
In ancient Lake Baikal (East Siberia), freshwater sponges have diversified to an extraordinary degree. The skeleton of Lubomirskia baicalensis, which attains a size of up to 1 m, is constructed from spicules, which are cemented into longitudinal bundles. Our X-ray analysis revealed that the architecture of the specimens follows a highly ordered radiate accretive growth pattern. The spicules have a central axial canal with an axial filament inside. This organic filament is composed of silicatein, the major enzyme involved in silica formation of the spicules. We found that the specific activity of silicatein in samples from the non-growing (basal) zone is much lower than in those from the growth zone (tips) and that even the composition of this molecule differs in these regions. The present study shows for the first time that the turnover of silicatein, the major element of the axial canal of sponge spicules, changes within a sponge specimen depending on the region in which it is found. 相似文献
170.