全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1334篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 51篇 |
废物处理 | 58篇 |
环保管理 | 206篇 |
综合类 | 244篇 |
基础理论 | 261篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 347篇 |
评价与监测 | 107篇 |
社会与环境 | 83篇 |
灾害及防治 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 26篇 |
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 18篇 |
2019年 | 22篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 29篇 |
2016年 | 37篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 44篇 |
2013年 | 61篇 |
2012年 | 68篇 |
2011年 | 88篇 |
2010年 | 59篇 |
2009年 | 75篇 |
2008年 | 66篇 |
2007年 | 84篇 |
2006年 | 58篇 |
2005年 | 55篇 |
2004年 | 59篇 |
2003年 | 43篇 |
2002年 | 55篇 |
2001年 | 34篇 |
2000年 | 22篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1364条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Benjamin Horemans René Van Grieken 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(12):1497-1505
Thoracic (PM10), fine thoracic (PM2.5) and sub-micrometer (PM1) airborne particulate matter was sampled during day and night. In total, about 100 indoor and outdoor samples were collected for each fraction at ten different office environments. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and ion chromatography were applied for the quantification of some major and minor elements and ions in the collected aerosols. During daytime, mass concentrations were in the ranges: 11–29, 8.1–24, and 6.6–18 μg m?3, with averages of 20 ± 1, 15.0 ± 0.9, and 11.0 ± 0.8 μg m?3, respectively. At night, mass concentrations were found to be significantly lower for all fractions. Indoor PM1 concentrations exceeded the corresponding outdoor levels during office hours and were thought to be elevated by office printers. Particles with diameters between 1 and 2.5 μm and 2.5 and 10 μm were mainly associated with soil dust elements and were clearly subjected to distinct periods of settling/resuspension. Indoor NO3? levels were found to follow specific microclimatic conditions at the office environments, while daytime levels of sub-micrometer Cl? were possibly elevated by the use of Cl-containing cleaning products. Indoor carbon black concentrations were sometimes as high as 22 μg m?3 and were strongly correlated with outdoor traffic conditions. 相似文献
992.
Taylor S. Roumeliotis Brad J. Dixon Bill J. Van Heyst 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(31):3770-3777
This paper characterizes the emission rates of size fractionated particulate matter, inorganic aerosols, acid gases, ammonia and methane measured over four flocks at a commercial broiler chicken facility. Mean emission rates of each pollutant, along with sampling notes, were reported in this paper, the first in a series of two. Sampling notes were needed because inherent gaps in data may bias the mean emission rates.The mean emission rates of PM10 and PM2.5 were 5.0 and 0.78 g day?1 [Animal Unit, AU]?1, respectively, while inorganic aerosols mean emission rates ranged from 0.15 to 0.46 g day?1 AU?1 depending on the season. The average total acid gas emission rate was 0.43 g day?1 AU?1 with the greatest contribution from nitrous and nitric acids and little contribution from sulfuric acid (as SO2).Ammonia emissions were seasonally dependent, with a mean emission rate of 66.0 g day?1 AU?1 in the cooler seasons and 94.5 g day?1 AU?1 during the warmer seasons. Methane emissions were relatively consistent with a mean emission rate of 208 g day?1 AU?1.The diurnal pattern in each pollutant’s emission rate was relatively consistent after normalizing the hourly emissions according to each daily mean emission rate. Over the duration of a production cycle, all the measured pollutants’ emissions increased proportionally to the total live mass of birds in the house, with the exception of ammonia.Interrelationships between pollutants provide evidence of mutually dependent release mechanisms, which suggests that it may be possible to fill data gaps with minimal data requirements. In the second paper (Roumeliotis, T.S., Dixon, B.J., Van Heyst, B.J. Characterization of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter emission rates from a commercial broiler operation part II: correlated emission rates. Atmospheric Environment, 2010.), regression correlations are developed to estimate daily mean emission rates for data gaps and, using the normalized hourly diurnal patterns from this paper, emission factors were generated for each pollutant. 相似文献
993.
Cadková E Komárek M Kaliszová R Koudelková V Dvořák J Vaněk A 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(4):336-342
The aim of the present study was to investigate tebuconazole sorption on common soil minerals (birnessite, ferrihydrite, goethite, calcite and illite) and humic acids (representing soil organic matter). Tebuconazole was used (i) in the commercial form Horizon 250 EW and (ii) as an analytical grade pure chemical. In the experiment with the commercially available tebuconazole, a significant pH-dependent sorption onto the oxides was observed (decreasing sorption with increasing pH). The highest sorption was found for ferrihydrite due to its high specific surface area, followed by humic acids, birnessite, goethite and illite. No detectable sorption was found for calcite. The sorption of analytical grade tebuconazole on all selected minerals was significantly lower compared to the commercial product. The sorption was the highest for humic acids, followed by ferrihydrite and illite and almost negligible for goethite and birnessite without any pH dependence. Again, no sorption was observed for calcite. The differences in sorption of the commercially available and analytical grade tebuconazole can be attributed to the additives (e.g., solvents) present in the commercial product. This work proved the importance of soil mineralogy and composition of the commercially available pesticides on the behavior of tebuconazole in soils. 相似文献
994.
Previous research showed a regional Cu enrichment of 6 mg kg−1 in the top soil of the Ypres war zone (Belgium), caused by corrosion of WWI shell fragments. Further research was required
since in addition to Cu, also As, Pb, and Zn were used during the manufacturing of ammunition. Therefore, an additional data
collection was conducted in which the initial Cu data set was tripled to 731 data points and extended to eight heavy metals
(As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) which permitted (1) to evaluate the environmental impact of the heavy metals at a regional
scale and (2) to assess their regional spatial occurrence by performing an optimized geostatistical modeling. The results
showed no pollution at a regional scale, but sometimes locally concentrations exceeded the soil sanitation threshold, especially
for Cu, Pb, and Zn. The spatial patterns of Ni and Cr were related to variations in soil texture whereas the occurrences of
Cu and Pb were clearly linked to WWI activities. This difference in spatial behavior was confirmed by an analysis of coregionalization. 相似文献
995.
Frans?L.?P.?HermansEmail author Wim?M.?F.?Haarmann John?F.?L.?M.?M.?Dagevos 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(4):805-815
This paper presents a theoretical framework that can be used to discuss the question of how context, time and different participatory
process designs influence the results of participatory monitoring projects in terms of concrete outputs (such as sustainability
indicators) and the more intangible social outcomes (such as learning and stakeholder relations). We will discuss and compare
four different cases of participatory monitoring of provincial sustainable development in the Netherlands. The results show
sustainability issues selected by the stakeholders reflect the socio-economic and ecological structural characteristics of
their region. In a different context, stakeholders not only assign different weights to the same set of issues, but more importantly
they select a completely different set of regional aims altogether. Since these regional structural characteristics only change
slowly over time, the influence of time on stakeholder preferences is shown to be only of minor importance. However, the dissipation
of learning effects is shown to be a fundamental challenge for the cyclical nature of participatory monitoring, especially
when its goal is shared agenda building. Another important conclusion is that, in the design of participatory processes, more
attention should be devoted to providing stakeholders with the opportunity to comment on an ‘intermediate’ product. 相似文献
996.
997.
The Growing Need for Sustainable Ecological Management of Marine Communities of the Persian Gulf 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sale PF Feary DA Burt JA Bauman AG Cavalcante GH Drouillard KG Kjerfve B Marquis E Trick CG Usseglio P Van Lavieren H 《Ambio》2011,40(1):4-17
The Persian Gulf is a semi-enclosed marine system surrounded by eight countries, many of which are experiencing substantial development. It is also a major center for the oil industry. The increasing array of anthropogenic disturbances may have substantial negative impacts on marine ecosystems, but this has received little attention until recently. We review the available literature on the Gulfs marine environment and detail our recent experience in the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) to evaluate the role of anthropogenic disturbance in this marine ecosystem. Extensive coastal development may now be the single most important anthropogenic stressor. We offer suggestions for how to build awareness of environmental risks of current practices, enhance regional capacity for coastal management, and build cooperative management of this important, shared marine system. An excellent opportunity exists for one or more of the bordering countries to initiate a bold and effective, long-term, international collaboration in environmental management for the Gulf. 相似文献
998.
Little research has been done so far into the environmental fate and side effects of pesticides in the tropics. In addition, those studies conducted in tropical regions have focused almost exclusively on single species laboratory tests. Hence, fate and effects of pesticides on higher-tier levels have barely been studied under tropical conditions. To address this lack of knowledge, four outdoor aquatic model ecosystem experiments using two different test systems were conducted in Thailand evaluating the insecticide chlorpyrifos, the herbicide linuron and the fungicide carbendazim. Results of these experiments and comparisons of recorded fate and effects with temperate studies have been published previously. The present paper discusses the pros and cons of the methodologies applied and provides indications for i) possible improvements; ii) important aspects that should be considered when performing model ecosystem experiments in the tropics; iii) future research. 相似文献
999.
Bonten LT Groenenberg JE Meesenburg H de Vries W 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(10):2831-2839
Various dynamic soil chemistry models have been developed to gain insight into impacts of atmospheric deposition of sulphur, nitrogen and other elements on soil and soil solution chemistry. Sorption parameters for anions and cations are generally calibrated for each site, which hampers extrapolation in space and time. On the other hand, recently developed surface complexation models (SCMs) have been successful in predicting ion sorption for static systems using generic parameter sets. This study reports the inclusion of an assemblage of these SCMs in the dynamic soil chemistry model SMARTml and applies this model to a spruce forest site in Solling Germany. Parameters for SCMs were taken from generic datasets and not calibrated. Nevertheless, modelling results for major elements matched observations well. Further, trace metals were included in the model, also using the existing framework of SCMs. The model predicted sorption for most trace elements well. 相似文献
1000.
Wheeler AJ Xu X Kulka R You H Wallace L Mallach G Van Ryswyk K MacNeill M Kearney J Dabek-Zlotorzynska E Wang D Poon R Williams R Stocco C Anastassopoulos A Miller JD Dales R Brook JR 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2011,61(2):142-156
The Windsor, Ontario Exposure Assessment Study evaluated the contribution of ambient air pollutants to personal and indoor exposures of adults and asthmatic children living in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. In addition, the role of personal, indoor, and outdoor air pollution exposures upon asthmatic children's respiratory health was assessed. Several active and passive sampling methods were applied, or adapted, for personal, indoor, and outdoor residential monitoring of nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter (PM; PM < or = 2.5 microm [PM2.5] and < or = 10 microm [PM10] in aerodynamic diameter), elemental carbon, ultrafine particles, ozone, air exchange rates, allergens in settled dust, and particulate-associated metals. Participants completed five consecutive days of monitoring during the winter and summer of 2005 and 2006. During 2006, in addition to undertaking the air pollution measurements, asthmatic children completed respiratory health measurements (including peak flow meter tests and exhaled breath condensate) and tracked respiratory symptoms in a diary. Extensive quality assurance and quality control steps were implemented, including the collocation of instruments at the National Air Pollution Surveillance site operated by Environment Canada and at the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality site in Allen Park, Detroit, MI. During field sampling, duplicate and blank samples were also completed and these data are reported. In total, 50 adults and 51 asthmatic children were recruited to participate, resulting in 922 participant days of data. When comparing the methods used in the study with standard reference methods, field blanks were low and bias was acceptable, with most methods being within 20% of reference methods. Duplicates were typically within less than 10% of each other, indicating that study results can be used with confidence. This paper covers study design, recruitment, methodology, time activity diary, surveys, and quality assurance and control results for the different methods used. 相似文献