吉林省农业病虫害发生规律与防治效果的定量分析

本文以定量分析为主要手段，详细研究了吉林省农业病虫害发生的时间过程规律和空间分布规律，深入探讨了环境因子对农业病虫害的影响，综合评价了病虫害防治工作的效果。     

INVESTIGATION OF TURBIDITY MAXIMUM IN A MESOTIDAL ESTUARY,TAIWAN1

ABSTRACT: To comprehend the distributions of salinity, temperature, and suspended sediment in the Danshuei River estuary in Taiwan, monthly field surveys were conducted in 2003. These included several high and low slackwater surveys and intensive surveys. The results show that the Danshuei River estuary is predominately a partially mixed estuary. The highest concentration of suspended sediment is typically observed at the Chung‐Hsin Bridge, the most upstream sampling station. The suspended sediment concentration exhibits a general decreasing trend in the downstream direction. It may be concluded that the sediments mostly come from the upstream reach. A locally high concentration of suspended sediment is found at the Kuan‐Du station because of the local deep channel bathymetry and two‐layered estuarine circulation. A vertical two‐dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment transport model is applied to investigate the tidally averaged salinity distribution, residual circulation, and suspended sediment concentration. The modeling results reveal that, under the Q₇₅ flow condition (i.e., low flow), a turbidity maximum occurs at the Kuan‐Du station due to the strong estuarine circulation. The model simulation with a much higher river flow condition results in a weaker residual circulation and weaker turbidity maximum.     

A WATER QUALITY‐BASED APPROACH FOR WATERSHED WIDE BMP STRATEGIES1

ABSTRACT: Watershed management strategies generally involve controlling nonpoint source pollution by implementing various best management practices (BMPs). Currently, stormwater management programs in most states use a performance‐based approach to implement onsite BMPs. This approach fails to link the onsite BMP performance directly to receiving water quality benefits, and it does not take into account the combined treatment effects of all the stormwater management practices within a watershed. To address these issues, this paper proposes a water quality‐based BMP planning approach for effective nonpoint source pollution control at a watershed scale. A coupled modeling system consisting of a watershed model (HSPF) and a receiving water quality model (CE‐QUAL‐W2) was developed to establish the linkage between BMP performance and receiving water quality targets. A Monte Carlo simulation approach was utilized to develop alternative BMP strategies at a watershed level. The developed methodology was applied to the Swift Creek Reservoir watershed in Virginia, and the results show that the proposed approach allows for the development of BMP strategies that lead to full compliance with water quality requirements.     

高频超声波降解4-氯酚的反应机理及试验研究

探讨了高频超声波（1.7MHz)降解4-氯酚的反应过程和反应机理，研究了高频超声波降解4-氯酚的效果及4-氯酚的初始浓度，高级氧化方法（AOPs)等因素对降解效果的影响。试验结果表明，高频超声波降解4-氯酚为一级反应，超声波空化效应在降解过程中起主导作用。超声波与其他氧化方法联用可大大提高降解效率。具有良好的工业应用前景。     

谈烟祸,话禁烟

吸烟对于吸烟者来讲可能有些好处,否则不会有那么多人去吸。吸烟对于发展经济可能也有些好处,否则不会有那么多烟厂赢利,成为纳税大户。但是吸烟的害处及其所造成的灾难也是触目惊心、有目共睹。孰利孰弊,当有公论。     

论建立我国安全管理硕士教育制度

论述了安全科学技术的地位和作用，我国安全科学与工程学科的特点，安全工程师必备的知识体系，培养安全工程专业人才的要求，目前安全工程人才培养与实际需要的差距，我国安全科学技术的前景和已有的多层次安全教育体系等，在此基础上，首次提议了建立我国的安全管理硕士（MSA）教育制度，以便满足高层次安全管理人才的迫切需要，同时，还探讨了MSA人才的基本培养方案，比较了MSA和MBA（工商管理硕士）的共同特征，提出MSA教育可以借鉴MBA教育的经验。     

甲撑二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)生产过程中危险有害因素及对策措施

甲撑二苯基二异氰酸酯 (MDI)生产过程中涉及到了多种危险有害因素。笔者通过对国内现役MDI生产装置进行调研 ,同时结合国内外其他涉及光气生产厂家的情况 ,分析并指出了生产过程中可能出现的危险有害因素 ,从而提出了相应的对策措施     

张家界气候资源的利用与保护

为了充分开发利用和保护张家界的气候资源,我们采用长期定点和短期定位相结合的方法,观测研究了张家界的气候和森林小气候特征。研究证明,张家界具有亚热带湿润季风气候区的山地气候特征,森林小气候舒适宜人,旅游气候资源和农业气候资源丰富,应大力发展旅游业和林业;保护森林植被是保护张家界气候资源的关键。     

国外厌氧颗粒污泥培养研究简介

本文荟萃了荷兰、美国、德国、法国许多学者对厌氧颗粒污泥培养的研究，强调了颗粒化的机理仍是一个较为复杂而尚存在许多未知数的领域，并介绍了颗粒污泥的贮存。