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51.
Cr(Ⅲ) adsorption by biochars generated from peanut, soybean, canola and rice straws is investigated with batch methods. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅲ) increased as pH rose from 2.5 to 5.0. Adsorption of Cr(Ⅲ) led to peak position shifts in the FFIR-PAS spectra of the biochars and made zeta potential values less negative, suggesting the formation of surface complexes between Cr^3+ and functional groups on the biochars. The adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅲ) followed the order: peanut straw char 〉 soybean straw char 〉 canola straw char 〉 rice straw char, which was consistent with the content of acidic functional groups on the biochars. The increase in Cr^3+ hydrolysis as the pH rose was one of the main reasons for the increased adsorption of Cr(Ⅲ) by the biochars at higher pH values. Cr(llI) can be adsorbed by the biochars through electrostatic attraction between negative surfaces and Cr^3+, but the relative contribution of electrostatic adsorption was less than 5%. Therefore, Cr(Ⅲ) was mainly adsorbed by the biochars through specific adsorption. The Langumir and Freundlich equations fitted the adsorption isotherms well and can therefore be used to describe the adsorption behavior of Cr(Ⅲ) by the crop straw biochars. The crop straw biochars have great adsorption capacities for Cr(Ⅲ) under acidic conditions and can be used as adsorbents to remove Cr(Ⅲ) from acidic wastewaters. 相似文献
52.
地震应急是地震救援工作的重要组成部分,科学的制订地震应急救援预案是做好应急工作的前提.本文分析了目前我国地震应急预案体系的现状,总结了地震应急预案体系中存在的问题,对于丰富和完善地震应急预案体系,使政府及社会高效、有序地做好应急响应,减少人员伤亡和财产损失具有重要的现实意义. 相似文献
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以成年产卵来航母鸡为试验动物,研究了三甲基苯基磷酸酯(Tri-o-CresylPhos-phate,TOCP)诱导的迟发性神经毒性.试验发现,母鸡口服TOCP(750mg/kg)后,经过大约8-10d的潜伏期开始出现中毒症状,其表现为以步态失调为主要特征的运动障碍呈进行性加重,至第21d开始便发展为瘫痪,对鸡脑神经病损靶标酯酶(NeuropathyTargetEnzyme,NTE)活性的测定表明,有机械诱导的迟发性神经毒性(Organophosphate-InducedDelayedPolyneuropathy,OPIDP)与NTE活性抑制之间的关系不平行,其毒性症状的轻重与NTE活性被抑制的强弱也不呈正相关,很可能,在给药后24h,体内OPIDP已被触发,此外,实验观察到给予TOCP后被试鸡的体重明显下降。 相似文献
55.
CVM法对长江口海洋生态价值的评价应用 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
运用CVM法探讨评价长江口海洋生态价值,结合长江口海洋产业的发展与生态环境实际,模拟市场条件进行主观意愿评价,阐述CVM法在长江口海洋生态价值评价应用中的可行性和有效性的同时,对CVM法使用时产生的偏差提出解决的方法,为长江口海洋产业绿色GDP核算提供科学方法和依据。 相似文献
56.
In this work, Bi2XO6 (X = W, Mo) are synthesized at different temperatures. The results of tests find the optimal temperatures of Bi2WO6 and Bi2MoO6 are 180 and 160°C (BW-180, BM-160). Then, BW-180 and BM-160 are further compounded with different contents of CuS. The results of photoelectrochemical (PEC) tests show that CuS can improve the PEC performance of semiconductor materials, and it has better performance when CuS mass fraction is 5%. These maybe the photoelectron potentials generated by CuS/Bi2XO6 (X = Mo, W) heterojunction reduce the combination of photogenerated electrons and holes. When the PEC sensor based on 5%-CuS/BW-180 detects Cr(VI), it has a linear range of 1–80 μmol/L with detection limit of 0.95 μmol/L, while the PEC sensor based on 5%-CuS/BM-160 detects Cr(VI) has a linear range of 0.5–230 μmol/L and a detection limit of 0.12 μmol/L. Thus, 5%-CuS/Bi2XO6 has potential application in hexavalent chromium detection. 相似文献
57.
Mao‐Ning Tuanmu Andrés Viña Wu Yang Xiaodong Chen Ashton M. Shortridge Jianguo Liu 《Conservation biology》2016,30(4):827-835
Conflicts between local people's livelihoods and conservation have led to many unsuccessful conservation efforts and have stimulated debates on policies that might simultaneously promote sustainable management of protected areas and improve the living conditions of local people. Many government‐sponsored payments‐for‐ecosystem‐services (PES) schemes have been implemented around the world. However, few empirical assessments of their effectiveness have been conducted, and even fewer assessments have directly measured their effects on ecosystem services. We conducted an empirical and spatially explicit assessment of the conservation effectiveness of one of the world's largest PES programs through the use of a long‐term empirical data set, a satellite‐based habitat model, and spatial autoregressive analyses on direct measures of change in an ecosystem service (i.e., the provision of wildlife species habitat). Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) habitat improved in Wolong Nature Reserve of China after the implementation of the Natural Forest Conservation Program. The improvement was more pronounced in areas monitored by local residents than those monitored by the local government, but only when a higher payment was provided. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of a PES program depends on who receives the payment and on whether the payment provides sufficient incentives. As engagement of local residents has not been incorporated in many conservation strategies elsewhere in China or around the world, our results also suggest that using an incentive‐based strategy as a complement to command‐and‐control, community‐ and norm‐based strategies may help achieve greater conservation effectiveness and provide a potential solution for the park versus people conflict. 相似文献
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Geochemistry of heavy metal-contaminated sediments from the Four River inlets of Dongting lake,China
Fang Xiaohong Peng Bo Song Zhaoliang Wu Sicheng Chen Danting Zhao Yafang Liu Jing Dai Yanan Tu Xianglin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(22):27593-27613
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The concentrations of major and trace elements in the sediments from the Four River inlets of Dongting Lake were analysed. The results show that the... 相似文献
60.
Liu Xiaohui Wei Jia Hou Liangang Zhu Yuhan Wu Yaodong Xing Luyi Zhang Yifei Li Jun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37448-37458
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the process of water treatment, excessive nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are of great concern. Therefore, we prepared nanoscale zerovalent iron... 相似文献