A comparison of antibiotics,antibiotic resistance genes,and bacterial community in broiler and layer manure following composting

Animal manure is an important source of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. However, the difference of antibiotic residues and ARG profiles in layer and broiler manure as well as their compost remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the profiles of twelve antibiotics, seventeen ARGs, and class 1 integrase gene (intI1) in layer and broiler manure, and the corresponding compost at large-scale. Compared with layer manure, broiler manure exhibited approximately six times more residual tetracyclines, especially chlortetracycline. The relative abundances of qnrS and ermA genes in broiler manure were significantly higher than those in layer manure. The concentration of tetracyclines not only had a significantly positive correlation with tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetC) but was also positively correlated with quinolone resistance (qepA, qnrB, and qnrS) and macrolide resistance (ermA and ermT). Most ARGs in manure were reduced after composting. However, the relative abundance of sulfonamide resistance gene sul1 increased up to 2.41% after composting, which was significantly higher than that of broiler (0.41%) and layer (0.62%) manure. The associated bacterial community was characterized by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The relative abundances of thermophilic bacteria had significant positive correlations with the abundance of sul1 in compost. The composting has a significant impact on the ARG-associated gut microbes in poultry manure. Variation partitioning analysis indicated that the change of bacterial community compositions and antibiotics contributed partially to the shift in ARG profiles. The results indicate that at industry-scale production broiler manure had more antibiotics and ARGs than layer manure did, and composting decreased most ARG abundances in poultry manure except for sulfonamide resistance genes.

     

Transcriptome analysis of Plantago major as a phytoremediator to identify some genes related to cypermethrin detoxification

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cypermethrin (CYP) is a toxic manmade chemical compound belonging to pyrethroid insecticides contaminating the environment. Plantago major (PM) has...     

Synthesis of Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on wood-based activated carbon for enhanced photodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on activated carbon (Ni-T/AC) were synthesized by a sol–gel method. The chemical...     

Mercury uptake by Paspalum distichum L. in relation to the mercury distribution pattern in rhizosphere soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Paspalum distichum L. was tested to evaluate their phytoremediation capacity for Hg contaminated soil through analyzing the dissipation of Hg in soil...     

Exploration of spatial-temporal varying impacts on COVID-19 cumulative case in Texas using geographically weighted regression (GWR)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Since COVID-19 is extremely threatening to human health, it is significant to determine its impact factors to curb the virus spread. To tackle the...     

Characterization of a novel marine aerobic denitrifier Vibrio spp. AD2 for efficient nitrate reduction without nitrite accumulation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Aerobic denitrifiers have the potential to reduce nitrate in polluted water under aerobic conditions. A salt-tolerant aerobic denitrifier was newly...     

Investigation on the relationship between the fine particle emission and crystallization characteristics of gypsum during wet flue gas desulfurization process

The relationship between the fine particles emitted after desulfurization and gypsum crystals in the desulfurization slurry was investigated, and the crystallization characteristics varying with the operation parameters and compositions of the desulfurization slurry were discussed. The results showed that the fine particles generated during the desulfurization process were closely related to the crystal characteristics in the desulfurization slurry by comparison of their morphology and elements. With the higher proportion of fine crystals in the desulfurization slurry, the number concentration of fine particles after desulfurization was increased and their particle sizes were smaller, indicating that the optimization of gypsum crystallization was beneficial for the reduction of the fine particle emission. The lower pH value and an optimal temperature of the desulfurization slurry were beneficial to restrain the generation of fine crystals in the desulfurization slurry. In addition, the higher concentrations of the Fe^3 + ions and the F⁻ ions in the desulfurization slurry both promoted the generation of fine crystals with corresponding change of the morphology and the effect of the Fe^3 + ions was more obvious. With the application of the desulfurization synergist additive, it was beneficial for the inhibition of fine crystals while the thinner crystals were generated.     

辽宁省土壤水分的时空变化格局分析

文章利用基于微波遥感的土壤水分产品评价辽宁省近40年(1979~2015)来干旱事件的时空变化特征。研究结果表明:辽宁省地表土壤水分呈现东高西低的空间分布;采用了一种具有时-频多分辨功能的小波分析(Wavelet Analysis)来更好地研究土壤水分时间序列变化规律,发现辽宁省年平均土壤水分随着时间具有波动降低趋势,并伴随有10年和20年左右的两个主要周期;从季节上看,四个季节的土壤水分时间序列变化十分剧烈,春夏两季土壤水分呈现出增加趋势,秋冬两季的土壤水分呈现出降低趋势。     

苯酚的褐煤吸附过程及影响因素分析

以污染物苯酚为研究对象,褐煤作为吸附剂,通过批量实验研究了褐煤对废水中苯酚的吸附特性,考察了褐煤粒径、褐煤投加量、反应温度、反应p H、反应时间对吸附作用的影响,并对吸附过程进行了分析。采用Lagergren动力学方程和拟二级吸附动力学方程分析苯酚吸附过程,结果表明,褐煤对苯酚的吸附动力学曲线更符合拟二级吸附动力学方程,反应初始速率随着苯酚初始浓度的升高而增大,但随着煤粉粒径的增大而减小。颗粒内扩散模型对苯酚的吸附动力学曲线分析结果表明:苯酚在褐煤上的吸附首先经历了速率较快的膜扩散控制阶段,进而经历了吸附较缓慢的颗粒内扩散控制阶段,最后到达吸附平衡,褐煤对苯酚的吸附过程主要受到颗粒内扩散控制。     

Ambient volatile organic compounds pollution in China

Owing to rapid economic and industrial development, China has been suffering from degraded air quality and visibility. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone and hence photochemical smog. Some VOCs adversely affect human health. Therefore, VOCs have recently elicited public concern and given new impetus to scientific interest. China is now implementing a series of polices to control VOCs pollution. The key to formulating policy is understanding the ambient VOCs pollution status. This paper mainly analyzes the species, levels, sources, and spatial distributions of VOCs in ambient air. The results show that the concentrations of ambient VOCs in China are much higher than those of developed countries such as the United States and Japan, especial benzene, which exceeds available standards. At the same time, the ozone formation potential (OFP) and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) of various VOCs are calculated. Aromatics and alkenes have much higher OFPs, while aromatics have higher SOAFP. The OFPs of ambient VOCs in the cities of Beijing, Guangzhou and Changchun are very high, and the SOAFP of ambient VOCs in the cities of Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Changchun are higher.