巧用Premiere Pro 2.0 制作艺术倒计时片头

Premiere Pro 2.0 是用于编辑影视作品的专业软件,可以编辑和制作电影、DV、栏目包装、字幕、网络视频、电子相册等.本文介绍了其自带的制作倒计时片头效果模板的使用方法,提出了利用Premiere Pro 2.0视频转场特效结合专业制图软件制作艺术倒计时效果的具体方法.     

山东省絮凝剂市场需求浅析

随着水污染物排放标准的日益严格,絮凝剂的市场需求逐步增大。本文通过对山东省絮凝剂市场的实际调查,分析了絮凝剂的需求、种类、价格等市场因素,对市场需求进行预测并提出了市场营销建议。     

Ozonation of oxytetracycline and toxicological assessment of its oxidation by-products

Antibiotic formulation effluents are well known for their difficult elimination by traditional bio-treatment methods and their important contribution to environmental pollution due to its fluctuating and recalcitrant nature. In the present study the effect of ozonation on the degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) aqueous solution (100mgl(-1)) at different pH values (3, 7 and 11) was investigated. Ozone (11mgl(-1) corresponds the concentration of ozone in gas phase) was chosen considering its rapid reaction and decomposition rate. The concentration of oxytetracycline, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and BOD5/COD ratio were the parameters to evaluate the efficiency of the ozonation process. In addition, the toxic potential of the OTC degradation was investigated by the bioluminescence test using the LUMIStox 300 instrument and results were expressed as the percentage inhibition of the luminescence of the marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri. The results demonstrate that ozonation as a partial step of a combined treatment concept is a potential technique for biodegradability enhancement of effluents from pharmaceutical industries containing high concentration of oxytetracycline provided that the appropriate ozonation period is selected. At pH 11 and after 60min of ozonation of oxytetracycline aqueous solutions (100 and 200mgl(-1)) the BOD5/COD ratios were 0.69 and 0.52, respectively. It was also shown that COD removal rates increase with increasing pH as a consequence of enhanced ozone decomposition rates at elevated pH values. The results of bioluminescence data indicate that first by-products after partial ozonation (5-30min) of OTC were more toxic than the parent compound.     

Tracking historical lead pollution in the coastal area adjacent to the Yangtze River Estuary using lead isotopic compositions

The rapid economic development in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China in the last three decades has had a significant impact on the environment of the East China Sea (ECS). Lead isotopic compositions of a ²¹⁰Pb dated sediment core collected from the coastal ECS adjacent to the Yangtze River Estuary were analyzed to track the Pb pollution in the region. The baseline Pb concentration in the coastal ECS sediments before the industrialization in China was 32 μg g⁻¹, and the corresponding ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb ratio was 1.195. The high-resolution profiles of Pb flux and ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb ratios had close relationships with the economic development and the history of the use of leaded gasoline in China, and they were clearly different from those of most European countries and United States.     

Feasibility of using microalgal biomass cultured in domestic wastewater for the removal of chromium pollutants

The feasibility of obtaining and using the biomass of a microalga, Chlorella miniata, from domestic wastewater (DW) cultures for the removal of chromium(III) [Cr(III)] and chromium(VI) [Cr(VI)] was compared with that from commercial Bristol medium (BM). Results showed that Chlorella miniata cultured in DW under 16-8 hours light-dark cycle [DW(16-8)] had similar growth to that in BM [BM(16-8)], but these two biomass had different biochemical compositions, and the former one had lower carbohydrate and higher protein content. When cultured in domestic wastewater, a higher biomass was obtained under continuous illumination [DW(24-0)], and the cells had higher carbohydrate and lower protein concentrations than that of DW(16-8). The spectra of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer revealed that the functional groups on the surface of the three kinds of biomass--DW(16-8), DW(24-0), and BM(16-8)--were comparable, except an additional peak at 1731 cm(-1) was found in the biomass cultured in domestic wastewater, which was probably the result of bacterial contamination. Although biochemical differences were found among the three kinds of microalgal biomass, similar biosorption performances to chromium pollutants were recorded, with approximately 75% Cr(III) and 100% Cr(VI) removed at equilibrium in Cr(III) and Cr(VI) experiments, respectively, when dead biomass was used as a biosorbent. Therefore, it is possible to culture Chlorella miniata in domestic wastewater and use the biomass for the removal of chromium pollutants.     

化工园区安全规划发展历史回顾

系统回顾了化工园区安全规划的发展历史,简要介绍不同国家化工园区安全规划的分区制思想以及相应的法律法规要求。以1970年代中期为界,化工园区安全规划历史大体可分为两个阶段。第一阶段基本确立了土地利用规划分区制的思想,风险越大,工业活动就建设在距人居环境越远的区域。但由于没有量化的理论和方法支持,因此,不能准确确定合适的安全距离。第二阶段从科学的土地利用规划开始并得益于定量风险评价的日趋成熟和广泛使用。由于能够定量计算出比较准确的安全距离和可承受风险,因而可以更好地进行工业活动分区和安全规划。目前单纯基于风险的安全规划暴露出一定的局限性,人们不仅要考虑工业活动的潜在风险,而且需要综合考虑经济、社会、环境、生态以及人文历史等诸多因素,因此,急需研究能够综合处理复杂问题的安全规划理论和方法。回顾历史并分析和比较,笔者认为,科学的安全规划是预防重特大事故的根本措施之一,健全的法制基础是实施安全规划的必要保障,风险评价技术是实施安全规划的有力武器。取得的研究成果对我国化工园区以及其他工业园区的建设具有一定的借鉴和启迪作用。     

GIS在环境科学中的应用

文章结合地理信息系统(GIS)和环境科学的特点,阐述了GIS在环境管理、环境规划、环境决策、环境评价及环境监测等多方面的应用,对GIS在环境科学中的应用及其发展趋势作了简要论述.由于GIS技术和环境科学在研究对象上的相似性和互补性,GIS广泛应用于环境科学领域必将会推动环境科学的迅猛发展.     

多层自由旋线分离器的提效增阻作用

文章采用多层旋线布置方式实现了自由旋线分离器分离效率的有效提升,并讨论了多层布置对除尘效率与压力损失的影响规律.在风量2 000 m3/h、液气比0.03 L/m3和粉尘质量浓度1 000 mg/m3的试验条件下,单层旋线和双层旋线的除尘效率均随旋线根数和转速的增加而增加,且双层旋线的除尘效率的增幅高于单层旋线.当旋线...     

水中微/纳塑料电化学检测及去除的研究进展

微/纳塑料（M/NPs）因颗粒小、易吸附和迁移性强等特点,广泛地分散在土壤、大气与水环境中,近年来在各大水体中均有检出.M/NPs作为一类新兴污染物,其生理毒性对人类健康产生很大的影响.目前该研究领域遇到的瓶颈在于对M/NPs的精准检测和高效去除.电化学技术因其在M/NPs的检测上表现出简携、灵敏和低成本等优势,对M/NPs的去除具有环保绿色、反应可控和效率高等优点,展现出巨大的应用潜力.以M/NPs的污染现状为出发点,对电化学技术应用于水环境中M/NPs的检测和去除进行了阐述和总结,分析了M/NPs的电化学传感方法以及传感器识别M/NPs的原理和特点,讨论了电絮凝、电吸附、电氧化和电还原技术对水体中M/NPs的去除效果及影响因素.结果表明,基于电化学传感方法检测M/NPs颗粒表现出良好的表征性能,通过电化学技术（电絮凝、电吸附、电氧化和电还原）,M/NPs可被高效去除.电化学技术对M/NPs检测和去除的影响因素主要与传感器装置、电极材料、材料界面调控、参数条件和反应器体系有关.研究者未来应从传感器的设计、电极材料的开发和反应过程的优化这三方面聚焦,有望实现M/NPs从实验室的检测和去除转化到实际水体当中的应用.