浅议可持续发展政策下环境问题的制度根源

文章从制度改变环境的角度指出,环境问题的主要根源在于制度的失败,即政府在制定和执行可持续发展政策中存在着不足之处.因此,环境问题的出路有赖于在可持续发展思想的指导下实行强制性制度变迁,并完善相关的制度,在可持续发展思想的指导下进行制度创新,构建绿色市场机制与可持续的政府政策.     

从自燃煤矸石中提取聚合铝铁(PAFC)的试验研究

采用盐酸酸浸的方法从自燃煤矸石中提取聚合铝铁，对煤矸石的粉碎粒径、酸浸盐酸的浓度及用量、酸浸的温度等工艺条件进行了试验研究。结果表明，从100g自燃煤矸石中，可提取19．85g固体聚合铝铁，成品的Al2O3含量33％、Fe2O3含量16％、盐基度70％。     

Relation between some variations of soil and surface vegetatio and desertization in agriculture-pasture interlacing zone an example from Kangbao County,North Hebei,China

The studied agriculture-pasture interlacing zone has its specific natural conditions,at which the natural systems are unstable ,their self-regulation capability is low and the equilibrium is easily broken, and hence the habitat is fairly vulnerable.During last 20 years the increasing population and livestock ,over-reclamation,over-pasturing,over-deforesting, and other intensified negative human activities in the zone resulted in coarsening of surface soil,decrease of organic mater content in soil, reduction of vegetation coverage ,variation and degradation of flora structure, and hence in desertization of the land, although average of gales and sandstorms some decreased and the climate tended to be better in the region.However, the frequent sandstorms occurring in the springs of last and present years has attracted much attention.Investigations confirmed that the main cause for the phenomena is the unreasonable human activites rater than the natural factors.     

浅谈“三道防线”对防止污染水域的作用

在简要介绍了上海港散装液体危险装货物储运作业发展的基础上，分析了码头装卸作用中存在的防污染问题，提出了“三道防线”是防止污染的有效措施。     

嘉兴市污水海洋处置工程扩散器长度的确定

为了能满足设计初始稀释度并降低工程费用，结合嘉兴市污水海洋处置工程，利用Jetlag3模型确定了其扩散器长度。计算结果表明，八团（0－1500）扩散器长度取200－250m，场前（0＋000）和场前（0＋1400）扩散器长度取250－300m，能满足近区初始稀释度的要求。     

水解酸化＋两级生物接触氧化处理高盐度水产品加工废水

介绍了“水解酸化＋两级生物接触氧化”处理水产品加工废水的运行效果和工程实例，结果表明：对C1^-浓度平均6000mg／L的高盐度水产品加工废水，系统对COD、SS、氨氮的去除率分别超过了88％、90％、85％，出水COD、SS、氨氮分别低于100mg／L、70mg／L、15mg／L，出水完全可以达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978—1996）一级排放标准。     

呼和浩特市空气污染潜势预报方法研究

利用1995～1997和2000年资料，统计分析了呼市边界层气象条件和影响呼市地区的天气系统，寻找出了城市污染与天气的关系，据此研究制定了有利和不利于污染物扩散的天气形势和气象要素指标，给出了不同污染物的空气质量等级判据，从而建立了呼市污染潜势预报方法。     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

江苏省环保信访演变趋势与对策研究

以江苏省为例,着重分析环保信访演变的特点和发展趋势以及产生的主要原因,提出了今后进一步加强环保信访工作的对策措施。