从自燃煤矸石中提取聚合铝铁(PAFC)的试验研究

采用盐酸酸浸的方法从自燃煤矸石中提取聚合铝铁，对煤矸石的粉碎粒径、酸浸盐酸的浓度及用量、酸浸的温度等工艺条件进行了试验研究。结果表明，从100g自燃煤矸石中，可提取19．85g固体聚合铝铁，成品的Al2O3含量33％、Fe2O3含量16％、盐基度70％。     

Membrane fouling control by ultrasound in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor

In this study, ultrasound was used to control the membrane fouling online in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AMBR). Short-term running experiments were carried out under different operating conditions to explore feasible ultrasonic parameters. The experimental results indicated that when the crossflow velocity was more than 1.0 m/s, membrane fouling could be controlled effectively only by hydrodynamic methods without ultrasound. When ultrasound was applied, an ultrasonic power range of 60–150 W was suitable for the membrane fouling control in the experimental system. The experimental results showed that the membrane fouling was controlled so well that membrane filtration resistance (ΣR) could stay at 5 × 10¹¹ m⁻¹ for more than a week with the crossflow velocity of 0.75 m/s, which equaled the effect of crossflow velocity of more than 1.0 m/s without ultrasound. Translated from Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2006, 7(4): 25–29 [译自: 环境污染治理技术与设备]     

一种超声速气体冲击射流噪声的屏蔽抑制方法

根据对冲击射流离散频率噪声产生的反馈机理的认识，提出了一种能够有效地破坏反馈环的形成，从而抑制冲击射流离散频率噪声的喷嘴屏蔽方法。这种方法是通过阻隔反馈声波使其不能到达喷嘴唇口、同时屏蔽物不与射流接触来实现降噪的目的，实验结果表明，对于合适的屏蔽罩参数，正常降噪效果达5dB以上。分析表明这种降噪方法对射流冲击平板的推力和除尘除水效率的提高有帮助。     

油种指示物（指标）的研究

从油种、实验误差以及风化的影响对中国常见油种鉴别进行了探讨，确定了油种GC-FID指标物。结果表明，油种指示物在环境中保持着本身的一些固有特性，受实验误差和风化的影响较小。     

BP网络应用于大气环境监测点的优选

为了对大气环境监测点进行优化选择 ,以大气质量分级标准为训练样本 ,构造BP网络进行训练 ,用训练好的BP网络对某地的大气环境监测采样点进行了优选 ,并与物元分析法优选结果进行比较。结果表明 ,BP网络用于环境测点优选具有较好的客观性和应用性     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs: (Ⅱ) Decolorization of dyes by laccase containing fermentation broth with or without self-immobilized mycelia

The capability of decolorization for commercial dyes by Coriolus versicolur fermentation broth containing laccase with or without immobilized mycelium was evaluated.With cell-free fermentation broth containing laccase,high decolorization ratio was achieved for acid orange 7,but not for the other dyes concerned.The immobilized mycelium was proved to be more efficient than the cell-free system.All the four dyestuffs studied were found being decolourized with certain extent by immobilized mycelium.The repeated-batch decolorization was carried out with satisfactory results.The experimental data showed that the continuous decolorization of wastewater from a printing and dyeing industry was possible by using self-immobilized C.Versicolor.     

微生物絮凝剂的研究现状与发展趋势

介绍了近几年来国内外微生物絮凝剂的发展概况、分类及絮凝机理,指出了与传统絮凝剂相比较微生物絮凝剂在水处理中的优越性,分析了已使用的微生物絮凝剂在污水达标治理过程中存在的问题,并探讨了开发廉价、高效、可降解微生物絮凝剂的发展趋势和研究方向.     

我国红树林净化污水研究进展

红树林具有净化污水的潜能,我国在20世纪80年代中期开始以污染生态学为理论依据进行红树林净化污水的研究.国内红树林净化污水研究主要包括两方面内容,一是研究污水排放对红树林的影响,包括重金属污水、含油废水、生活污水等不同类型污水排放对红树林生长、生理生态、红树林沉积物、林区藻类等的影响;二是研究红树林净化污水的效能,包括红树林累积、吸收和对污水中污染物的净化能力、净化效果的研究.主要从以上两个方面,综述了国内红树林净化污水的研究进展,以期为红树林净化污水的进一步研究和应用提供参考.     

建设环境友好型社会是中国建设和谐社会的必然选择解读"十一五"

必须加快转变经济增长方式。我国土地、淡水、能源、矿产资源和环境状况对经济发展已构成严重制约。要把节约资源作为基本国策，发展循环经济。保护生态环境，加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，促进经济发展与人口、资源、环境相协调。推进国民经济和社会信息化，切实走新型工业化道路。坚持节约发展、清洁发展、安全发展。实现可持续发展。 发展循环经济，是建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会和实现可持续发展的重要途径。坚持开发节约并重、节约优先，按照减量化、再利用、资源化的原则，大力推进节能节水节地节材。加强资源综合利用。完善再生资源回收利用体系。全面推行清洁生产。形成低投入、低消耗、低排放和高效率的节约型增长方式。[编者按]     

Distribution characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the Typha latifolia constructed wetlands using fluorescent in situ hybridization(FISH)

A molecular biology method, fluorescent in situ hybridization（FISH）, in which the pre-treatment was improved in allusion to the media of the constructed wetlands（CW）, e.g. the soil and the grit, was used to investigate the vertical distribution characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria（AOB） quantity and the relation with oxidation-reduction potential（ORP） in the Typha latifolia constructed wetlands under three different Ioadings in summer from May to September. Results showed that the quantity of the AOB decreased in the Typha latifolia CW with the increase of vertical depth. However, the AOB quantity was 2-4 times the quantity of the control in the root area. Additionally, ORP in the rhizosphere was found to be higher than other areas, which showed that Typha latifolia CW was in an aerobic state in summer when using simulated non-point sewage at the rural area of Taihu Lake in China and small town combined sewage.