Influence of organoboron cross-linker and reservoir characteristics on filtration and reservoir residual of guar gum fracturing fluid in low-permeability shale gas reservoirs

To effectively reduce the filtration rate of water-based fracturing fluid and promote the pressure holding effect of fracturing fluid in underground unconventional reservoirs, an efficient and clean organic-boron cross-linker was synthesized with boric acid and low alcohols. The results obtained that the synthesized organoboron cross-linker exhibits better fluid loss performance to water-based fracturing fluid than the commercially available cross-linker. This organoboron cross-linker allowed decreasing filtration coefficient more than 0.74?×?10^–2 m³·min^1/2 as a result of the network structure formed by the organoboron cross-linker and guar gum molecule. However, commercially available cross-linker exhibits a relatively large filtered mass of water more than 1.33?×?10^–2 m³·min^1/2 at the same condition. Meanwhile, the cross-linked guar gum fracturing fluid can significantly improve the fluid loss property with the increase of cross-linker content and pressure, and an increased fluid filtration gradually was revealed with increasing the reservoir temperature and current speed. Moreover, the damage of shale reservoir caused by the prepared boron cross-linker was only 11%, which was lower than 18% of the commercial boron cross-linker under the same conditions.

     

DOM对沉积物悬浮颗粒吸附铜的促进作用及机制

沉积物悬浮颗粒对重金属吸附是重金属在湖泊中迁移的关键环节,受到多种环境条件的影响.为了探究溶解性有机质（dissolved organic matter,DOM）对沉积物悬浮颗粒吸附Cu （Ⅱ）的影响及作用机制,通过室内模拟沉积物悬浮液进行Cu （Ⅱ）吸附试验.结果表明,两种DOM （富里酸和沉积物DOM）不同程度地促进了Cu （Ⅱ）在悬浮颗粒上的吸附;吸附48 h后,吸附百分比从71.51%分别提高到了75.31%和85.69%.扫描电子显微镜-能谱结果显示,在DOM的影响下,Cu （Ⅱ）被吸附后存在于沉积物颗粒内部.紫外-可见光谱技术分析结果表明,在吸附反应过程中,Cu （Ⅱ）与DOM存在先络合后解离的过程.荧光激发发射矩阵结合平行因子分析、同步荧光光谱结合二维相关分析的结果表明,类蛋白组分能够促进Cu （Ⅱ）在沉积物悬浮颗粒上的吸附,其中类酪氨酸组分在促进Cu （Ⅱ）被沉积物颗粒吸附沉淀过程中优先发挥作用,而类腐殖酸组分几乎没有促进吸附作用.完善了湖泊重金属迁移的相关理论,为沉积物重金属污染防治提供了一定的依据.     

城市污水污泥微波热水解特性研究

在80～170 ℃进行1～30 min的城市污水污泥微波热水解,微波频率2 450 MHz,最大输出功率1 kW,考察挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)和悬浮固体(SS)溶解率,污泥上清液COD和TOC浓度、污泥粒径、形态变化和碳氢氮含量等污泥热水解特征,分析污泥离心脱水性能的改善和减量化效果.结果表明,微波加热使污泥有机物水解反应快速发生,水解过程受温度影响显著.热水解5 min时,150℃和170℃的VSS溶解率为15.8%和29.4%;10 min时COD溶解率达到19.07%和25.75%,COD和TOC浓度在170℃分别为9 860.0 mg/L和2 949.70 mg/L.超过5～10 min,VSS和COD水解率增加缓慢.通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察到污泥热水解后菌体细胞破裂.与碳和氢相比,污泥中氮的水解率更高,170℃微波热水解5 min氮的水解率达到67%.150℃和170℃热水解10 min离心脱水污泥含水率降低到73.1%和65.5%,脱水性能改善,相应减量化率为33.9%和51.7%.     

Study on the migration mechanisms of water-soluble agents in high-pressure rotary jetting remediation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - High-pressure rotary jetting (HPRJ) remediation is a recent-applied technology for in situ remediation of contaminated soils. The effectiveness of...