Does more voluntary environmental information disclosure cut down the cost of equity: heavy pollution industries in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Examining the coexisting policies for mandatory and voluntary disclosure of environmental information, this paper focuses on the unique background for...     

Exploring the embodied carbon flow interactive relationships in China from an ecological network perspective: a model framework and application at provincial level

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy-related carbon emissions take a large proportion in China, and the interregional trade caused by provincial disparities has led to significant...     

系统加权聚类法及其在滑坡稳定性预测中的应用

本文以工程地质类比分析法为基础，针对一般系统聚类法在滑坡稳定性预测中应用的不足，提出并建立了一种系统加权聚类法。最后以三峡库岸研究程度较高的３６个边坡为例，进行了一般系统聚类法与系统加权聚类法的对比研究。对比研究结果表明：系统加权聚类法应用于滑坡稳定性预测，其预测精度有较大提高。     

塔里木河下游输水前后NDVI差异分析

运用统计方法分析塔里木河下游英苏、喀尔达依、阿拉干三断面输水前后归一化植被指数(NDVI)的差异大小并推测河畔植被对输水的响应程度。结果表明:随着输水进行,研究区NDVI与地下水埋深逐渐呈负相关趋势,NDVI增幅随地下水埋深减小逐渐增大;输水前后相同断面NDVI差异极显著,根据输水前后NDVI差值大小确定植被恢复速度为:英苏>喀尔达依>阿拉干;各断面NDVI在输水前没有差异,输水后断面间NDVI差异显著,根据差异大小确定恢复程度顺序为英苏>喀尔达依>阿拉干;以大西海子水库周边NDVI为参照,确定经7年8次生态输水英苏、喀尔达依、阿拉干三断面植被恢复度分别为20.2%、18.4%和8.4%。以上研究表明,研究区植被恢复仍然有限,坚持持续输水很有必要。     

2006 年南京冬季浓雾雾水的化学组分

利用2006 年12 月24~27 日南京外场观测试验资料和采集到的雾水样品化学分析资料,从雾水的化学组成及同月采集的雨水的比较、雾水离子间的相关性、雾水离子浓度与污染气体的关系等几方面,分析了南京雾水的化学特征.结果表明,南京雾水pH 值介于4.24~7.27,多呈酸性;雾水离子浓度随时间有较大变化,这与雾的宏观和微物理结构有关;雾水中离子浓度与同时期(2006 年12 月上旬)雨水中的离子浓度以及污染气体的浓度变化趋势有一致性.如,雾水SO4₂^-和NO₃^-的浓度在25 日14:30~19:55 有1 个峰值,而污染气体的峰值则相对提前,大约在13:00~14:00,随后气体和离子的浓度都逐渐降低.     

Distribution and early life history of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Kaupichthys</Emphasis> leptocephali (family Chlopsidae) in the central Indonesian Seas

Leptocephali of the widely distributed tropical marine eels of the genus Kaupichthys (family Chlopsidae) were collected around Sulawesi Island during a sampling survey in the Indonesian Seas in late September and early October 2002, and the otolith microstructure of 24 of the 59 specimens captured was examined to learn about the larval growth rates and spawning times of these small sized eels. Leptocephali ranging in size from 25 to 60 mm were collected in Makassar Strait and the Celebes Sea, but they were most abundant in the semi-enclosed Tomini Bay of northeast Sulawesi Island. The Kaupichthys leptocephali examined had 39–161 otolith growth increments. Their back-calculated hatching dates indicated that five age groups were present and each group appeared to have been spawned around the full moon of previous months. Average growth rate estimates of the first two age groups were 0.65 and 0.54 mm/day for the 27.4–30.4 and 37.6–45.6 mm age classes. The growth rates of the oldest three age groups (52.0–60.8 mm) appeared to have slowed down after they reached their approximate maximum size. An increase in increment widths at the outer margin of the otoliths of those larger than 53 mm suggested that the process of metamorphosis had begun even though there were few external morphological changes indicating metamorphosis. It is hypothesized that chlopsid leptocephali have an unusually short gut that may not need to move forward during early metamorphosis. The presence of four age classes in Tomini Bay suggests that the Togian Islands region may be productive habitats for Kaupichthys juveniles and adults.     

两种工艺对污水再生水中微量有机物的去除效果

以20种微量有机污染物为目标物,针对北京市2个再生水厂的不同工艺,系统地考察了污水再生水中目标化合物的去除效果,并采用重组酵母雌激素活性筛检法(YES法)对再生水中雌激素活性进行评价.结果表明,超滤(UF)+臭氧(O3)氧化处理工艺可有效地去除微量有机污染物,出水中雌二醇当量浓度(EEQ)低于YES法检出范围.A2/O+膜生物反应器(MBR)+反渗透(RO)处理工艺对微量有机污染物有很高的去除能力,出水中可检测出的目标化合物较少.2种工艺均可降低再生水的环境风险,保障其使用安全.     

五氯酚胁迫对转基因杨树光合光响应特性的影响

以从美国引入的转基因杨树(Populus deltoides×nigra,DN34)为材料,设置0、50、100 mg·kg~(-1)三个五氯酚胁迫质量分数开展温室盆栽试验,利用Li-6400便携式光合作用测量系统研究五氯酚污染胁迫下转基因杨树对光强的生理响应.结果表明:与对照相比,相同光强下50和100 mg·kg~(-1)质量分数的五氯酚胁迫均降低了转基因杨树叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、胞间CO_2摩尔分数(C_i)和气孔导度(G_s).因此高质量分数五氯酚比低质量分数五氯酚对转基因杨树光合作用产生更大的抑制响应.     

水解酸化-SBR-BAF工艺处理中药废水

分析现有中药废水处理工艺及废水特点,并考虑到废水处理技术改造的要求,采用水解酸化-SBR-BAF法联合处理该中药废水,研究了SBR反应器的曝气时间、温度及原水pH值对系统处理效果的影响。系统进水ρ(COD)为1 249.4~1 444.5 mg/L、ρ(BOD5)为201.2~292.8 mg/L、ρ(SS)为208.7~310.6 mg/L、色度为70~100倍,曝气时间为14 h、温度为20℃、pH值为7时,出水ρ(COD)为123.4~140.8 mg/L、ρ(BOD5)为19.4~26.1 mg/L、ρ(SS)为32.7~60.4 mg/L、色度为36~50倍,COD、BOD5、SS的平均去除率分别达到90.3%、90.7%、81.8%,表明HAT-SBR-BAF法处理该中药废水是可行的。     

Assessing spawning ground hydraulic suitability for Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) from horizontal mean vorticity in Yangtze River

The Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis, is an anadromous protected species. Its migration pattern has been blocked since the construction of Gezhouba dam and the length of the natural spawning site reduced to less than 7 km. However, the fish eventually established an alternative spawning ground in the narrow downstream reach of Gezhouba dam. In this article, we applied Delft3D-Flow model to simulate the hydraulic suitability of the spawning ground downstream Gezhouba dam. Horizontal mean vorticity was used to assess the hydraulic environment of spawning ground. The flow field state was determined through model simulation and field-measured data used to validate the model. The computational method was improved by calculating absolute horizontal mean vorticity from estimates the literature. The final vorticity was determined from the simulation output and its distribution pattern retrieved. The horizontal mean vorticity range was 0.71–4.61 10⁻³ s⁻¹ for the entire spawning grounds, with egg mass field upper limit of 1.0 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹. Vorticity strength selection of Chinese sturgeon spawning can enhance our understanding of egg fertilization rate, hence the protection of fertilized eggs. Furthermore, the results of the study would add to existing scientific database for spawning ground hydraulic environment protection, especially in the ecological regulation drive of the Three Gorges Reservoir.