城乡交错区耕地分区管护及生态补偿模式研究——以上海市浦东新区为例

基于土地评价和立地条件评估(Land Evaluation and Site Assessment, LESA)框架构建以耕地自然质量、生态敏感性、区位条件、耕作条件和土壤环境安全风险组成的指标体系,以决策树归纳法将浦东新区耕地划分为工业污染、生态农业、轮作休耕、农业连片、休闲农业和非农转化6类管护区,根据各区管护重点提出规模经营及绿色生产、休闲观光及农田保育、非农管控及发展限制型耕地生态补偿模式。上海市浦东新区耕地自然质量优良,约50%的耕地可规模经营及连片生产,但仍有10%左右的耕地面临着工业污染和非农占用的风险。建议对以稳产高产和生态协调为目标的农业连片区和生态农业区采取规模经营及绿色生产型生态补偿模式,对发展农业生产新形态的轮作休耕区和休闲农业区采取休闲观光及农田保育型生态补偿模式,对非农化风险较高的工业污染区和非农转化区采取非农管控及发展限制型生态补偿模式。     

洪湖历史时期人类活动的湖泊沉积环境响应

以洪湖北部和南部两个短柱钻孔(HN和HS)研究湖泊沉积,采用137Cs定年,沉积速率为0.155 cm/a。沉积物的总有机碳、总氮、磷以及元素和磁化率等指标分析表明：1840年前洪湖地区人类活动较弱,在湖泊沉积物中基本没有早期的人类活动信号的记录;1840年以后由于人口大量增加,人类活动增强,湖泊的营养水平有所增加,尤其是1950年以来沉积物中营养元素急剧增加;近50年来的湖泊营养程度的加重主要与流域内大量营养物质进入湖泊,以及大面积的围垦造成湖泊面积减小、自我调节能力降低有关。洪湖两孔的对比研究表明,不同区域之间存在着差异,可能与洪湖湖流作用及人类活动的影响差异有关。     

UASB法处理城市生活垃圾焚烧场渗滤液

垃圾焚烧场的渗滤液具有pH低、污染成分复杂、COD_(Cr)浓度高、可生化性好等特点。本研究探索了UASB法处理焚烧场渗滤液时的快速启动方法,考察了水力停留时间、容积负荷对COD_(Cr)去除率的影响及产气量与COD_(Cr)去除率的关系,结果表明,在水力停留时间6d、容积负荷5kg/(m3.d)的情况下,COD_(Cr)去除率可达到93%,每升原水产气量可达22.5L,折合热值492.7kJ。     

Exploring the embodied carbon flow interactive relationships in China from an ecological network perspective: a model framework and application at provincial level

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy-related carbon emissions take a large proportion in China, and the interregional trade caused by provincial disparities has led to significant...     

吸附法净化工业VOCs的研究进展

挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)是大气中PM2.5及O3的关键前体物,大多易燃易爆,部分属有毒有害物质,会造成大气环境污染,有损人群健康.吸附法因简单高效及低成本等优点被广泛应用于VOCs的净化.综述了工业VOCs的类型及特点,分析了影响VOCs吸附净化效果的主要因素,如吸附材料、吸附剂物化参数(比表面积、孔结构、表面官能...     

Iodine enrichment and the underlying mechanism in deep groundwater in the Cangzhou Region,North China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The lack of information on the origin and behavior of iodine in deep groundwater restricts the development and use of groundwater resources. To...     

How changing grain size affects the land surface temperature pattern in rapidly urbanizing area: a case study of the central urban districts of Hangzhou City,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urbanization has led to the rapid and large-scale changes in land use and land cover and has affected the spatial distribution of land surface...     

Synthesis of Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on wood-based activated carbon for enhanced photodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on activated carbon (Ni-T/AC) were synthesized by a sol–gel method. The chemical...     

红色非硫光合细菌的生长特性研究

红色非硫光合细菌菌种从城市污水处理厂活性污泥中分离得到,对红色非硫光合细菌的生长规律及其影响因素进行研究,试验表明在进行污水处理时所用的红色非硫光合细菌的最佳培养条件为接种量2%,pH7～8,光照强度为1500lx,光照厌氧条件下培养3～5d。这为红色非硫光合细菌应用于染料有机化工废水处理的进一步研究提供了理论依据。     

Effects of Cu（Ⅱ） and humic acid on atrazine photodegradation

This work was designed to explore the characteristics of photodegradation of herbicides in the copper-polluted water body. The results showed that Cu(II) alone could induce a photo Fenton-like reaction to enhance the degradation of atrazine, in which hydroxyl radical ( OH) was a main active species. Humic acids restrained atrazine degradation, nevertheless, when introducing Cu(II), the photodegradation was accelerated, in which singlet oxygen (1O2) replaced OH acting as the prevailing species. A feasible mechanism for the photochemical process was also proposed, which is helpful for better understanding the environmental photochemistry of atrazine in the copper-polluted water.