生物沸石球强化吸附氨氮废水的动力学研究

用一种具有多孔结构特征的沸石球作为载体固定化硝化细菌强化吸附氨氮废水。结果表明,沸石球能快速固定化硝化细菌,吸附动力学表明150 min对氨氮吸附容量达到2.816 mg/g,而且还有继续增加的趋势。假二级动力学方程和Elovich模型的精确拟合说明,生物沸石球对氨氮的吸附过程可能是非均相扩散起作用及以化学吸附反应为主的复杂转化过程。扩散拟合结果表明,氨氮在生物沸石球的吸附是以液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散为吸附速率的控制步骤,活性的硝化细菌对氨氮的硝化使氨氮在微孔的吸附得到了强化。     

乙醛对鱼类毒性的实验研究

介绍了实验室乙醛对鲢鱼幼鱼的急性毒性。试验结果表明,乙醛对鲢鱼幼鱼的急性毒性４８ｈＬＣ５０为１４６１８ｍｇ／Ｌ,其安全浓度为１４６２ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

Anaerobic BTEX degradation in soil bioaugmented with mixed consortia under nitrate reducing conditions

Different concentrations of BTEX, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and three xylene isomers, were added into soil samples to investigate the anaerobic degradation potential by the augmented BTEX-adapted consortia under niwate reducing conditiom. All the BTEX substrates could be anaerobically biodegraded to non-detectable levels within 70 d when the initial concentrations were below 100 mg/kg in soil. Toluene was degraded faster than any other BTEX compounds, and the high-to-low order ofdegradation rates were toluene>ethylbenzene>m. xylene>o-xylene>benzene>P. xylene. Nitrite was accumulated with nitrate reduction. but the accumulation of nitrite had no inhibitory effect on the degradation of BTEX throughout the whole incubation. Indigenous bacteria in tIle soil could enhance the BTEX biodegradation ability of the enriched mixed bacteria. When the six BTEX compounds were simultaneously present in soil, there was no apparent inhibitory effect on their degradation with lower initial concentrations. Alternatively, benzene, o-xylene, and P-xylene degradation were inhibited with higher initial concentrations of 300 mg/kg. Higher BTEX biodegradation rates were observed in soil samples with the addition of sodium acetate compared to the presence of a single BTEX substrate. and the hypothesis of primary-substrate stimulation or cometabolic enhancement of BTEX biodegradation seems likely.     

基于政府视角的人力资本投资分析

本文首先分析了政府在人力资本投资中的作用，然后从实现政府工作目标的角度探讨了人力资本投资的重要意义，最后提出增加人力资本投资的政策性建议．     

长江开发开放与湖南东线建设

湖南东线是目前该省生产力发展水平最高的地区。本文在分析大量现状资料的基础上，阐述了东线建设的重要性及其与长江开放开发的内在联系，提出湖南省现阶段应重点开发东线，以岳阳为门户，以长沙、株洲、湘潭城市群为核心，以衡阳为砥柱，采取点一轴开发方式建好湘江中下游经济走廊，积极参与长江流域开放开发。     

无机絮凝剂——聚合硫酸铁生产方法综述

文章全面阐述了聚合硫酸铁的生产方法及原理，并对每种方法进行了简单的评价。     

麦草浆黑液提取性能试验

采用真空吸滤和挤压过滤两段组合式提取装置两次提取麦草浆黑液，能获得高且稳定的黑液提取率。探讨了黑液提取率与浆料洗涤时间、水量的关系及洗后浆所达到的洗净程度等。     

松茸群生物资源及其合理利用与有效保护

论述了国产松茸群的分类地位、种类组成、地理分布、生态环境及其在松、栎森林生态系统中的作用,资源现状及其日趋减少的原因分析。重点讨论了松、栎类植物群落自然演替及人类活动对松茸群的影响,其中人类活动是影响松茸群生长繁衍生存诸因素中最主要的因素,概括有二：①森林大面积的无度连续砍伐,导致生态系统环境的恶化,地下菌丝明显减少；②掠夺性的采集方法使有序的地下菌丝及其正常分化与发育受到严重干扰。建议建立特种自然保护区,将松茸类增写到《中国植物红皮书》中；采取实施人工接种于林地以增加森林生态系统中地下菌丝蕴藏量和补充菌丝不足、促进发育与分化以增加自然生物量,林木砍伐采用间伐与菌根育苗造林相接合以及科学的采集方法等是合理永续利用和有效保护的根本途径。