The concentration levels of 36 airborne heavy metals and atmospheric radioactivity in total suspended particulate (TSP) samples were measured to investigate the chemical characteristics, potential sources of aerosols, and health risk in Beijing, China, from September 2016 to September 2017. The TSP concentrations varied from 6.93 to 469.18 μg/m3, with a median of 133.97 μg/m3. The order for the mean concentrations of heavy metals, known as hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), was as follows: Mn > Pb > As > Cr > Ni > Se > Cd > Co > Sb > Hg > Be; Non-Designated HAPs Metals: Ca > Fe > Mg > Al > K > Na > Zn > P > Ba > Ti > Cu > Sr > B > Sn > I > V > Rb > Ce > Mo > Cs > Th > Ag > U > Pt. The median concentration of As was higher than China air quality standard (6 ng/m3). The gross α and β concentration levels in aerosols were (1.84?±?1.59) mBg/m3 and (1.15?±?0.85) mBg/m3, respectively. The enrichment factor values of Cu, Ba, B, Ce, Tl, Cs, Pb, As, Cd, Sb, Hg, Fe, Zn, Sn, I, Mo, and Ag were higher than 10, which indicated enriched results from anthropogenic sources. Pb, As, and Cd are considered to originate from multiple sources; fireworks released Ba during China spring festival; Fe, Ce, and Cs may come from stable emissions such as industrial gases. The health risks from anthropogenic metals via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal pathway were estimated on the basis of health quotient as well as the results indicated that children faced the higher risk than adults during the research period. For adults, the health risk posed by heavy metals in atmospheric particles was below the acceptable level.
As a heavy industrial city, Liuzhou has been facing a serious pollution problem. It is necessary to take steps to control and prevent environmental pollution wherever possible. Surface soil samples were collected from four communities in Liuzhou City, to determine the concentrations, distributions, sources, and toxicity potential of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present. The mean concentrations of total PAHs in the surface soil are 756.43 ng/g for the heavy industrial area, 605.06 ng/g for the industrial area, 481.24 ng/g for the commercial–cum–residential area, and 49.93 ng/g for the rural area. Both the isomer ratio and principal component analyses for the PAHs prove that these pollutants originate mainly from coal, diesel, gasoline, and natural gas combustion. The pollution hierarchies and toxic equivalency factor of BaP prove that the city is subject to heavy pollution caused by industry, transportation, and daily human activities. 相似文献
Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem in Guizhou Province, which is located in the centre of the karst areas of
southwestern China. Unfortunately, Guizhou Province suffers from a lack of financial resources to research, monitor and model
soil erosion at large watershed. In order to assess the soil erosion risk, soil erosion modeling at the watershed scale are
urgently needed to be undertaken. This study integrated the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) with a Geographic
Information System (GIS) to estimate soil loss and identify the risk erosion areas in the Maotiao River watershed, which is
a typical rural watershed in Guizhou Province. All factors used in the RUSLE were calculated for the watershed using local
data. It was classified into five categories ranging from minimal risk to extreme erosion risk depending on the calculated
soil erosion amount. The soil erosion map was linked to land use, elevation and slope maps to explore the relationship between
soil erosion and environmental factors and identify the areas of soil erosion risk. The results can be used to advice the
local government in prioritizing the areas of immediate erosion mitigation. The integrated approach allows for relatively
easy, fast, and cost-effective estimation of spatially distributed soil erosion. It thus indicates that RUSLE-GIS model is
a useful and efficient tool for evaluating and mapping soil erosion risk at a large watershed scale in Guizhou Province. 相似文献