物理气浮在炼油污水中的中试应用

介绍了湖南宇宙环保公司和长岭分公司联合开发的纯物理气浮工艺的机理和特点及在炼油污水中的中试情况。纯物理气浮运行稳定、产渣量少，是一种适宜在炼油污水处理推广应用的清洁工艺。     

制药工业废水排放规律的探讨

通过对某制药厂工业废水中主要污染物的监测和分析，结合其废水流量，工艺流程，原料投入等情况，分析了废水排放规律，找出排污与生产之间存在着对应关系。     

LS—931Al2O3基硫磺回收催化剂的工业应用

LS－931催化剂是新开发的Al2O3基硫磺回收催化剂，经洛阳炼油厂5000t/a装置使用考察结果证实其具有高活性和稳定性运行的特点。在第一转化器使用LS－931Al2O3基催化剂及在第二转化器仍然使用旧的LS－811Al2O3催化剂的情况下，与原来单纯使用LS－811Al2O3催化剂相对比，装置总硫转化率可提高1％左右，有机硫水解率达到96.4%，尾气中的硫化物含量则稳定地降至1％（V）以下。     

纳米絮凝剂在废水处理中研究与应用进展

介绍了纳米絮凝剂在国内外的发展应用现状,分别对纳米絮凝剂的废水处理应用情况进行了概括;通过例举并分析了广泛研究的各类无机纳米絮凝剂、有机纳米絮凝剂以及其纳米复合絮凝剂的制备方法及特性,比较了各类絮凝剂的处理效果.最后展望了纳米絮凝剂在废水处理领域的发展与应用趋势.     

Sediment quality criteria for heavy metal pollution in the Le An River with triad approach

In this study, integrative trail was used to sediment quality in the Le An River, which has been strongly contaminated by large amount of Cu, Pb, Zn,Cd, As and Cr discharging from mining activity. All available data collected from chemical analyses,toxic tests and field survey on benthic macroinvertebrates were transformed into Ratio-to-reference(RTR) and relevant scales.The responses of receiving environment to mining impacts were illustrated by traid graphs. Traid results indicated that a sectional-distribution pattern existed from upstream to downstream:(2) relative clean upstream;(b) serious contaminated middle stream;(c) gradual recovery downstream. This situation was closely related with local mining activities, which caused obvious degradation of sediment quality in some sections, therefore,remediation was required urgently.     

Stability of alpine timberline ecotone on Taibai Mountain,China

--Landscape boundaries are always indicated by thevegetation boundaries. As an ecotone between closed forest andtreeline, alpine timberline may respond to global climate changessensitively. The stability of timberline and treeline depend notonly on climate change, but also on the interaction of both sidesof the ecosystems. Three natural boundaries existing in thetimberline transitional zone are recognized (1) timberline (upperlimit of closed forest zone); (2) treeline (upper limit of treeislands zone); (3) tree-species line (upper limit of individualtree growth). Paleobotanical and sedimentary evidences suggest thatthere were several times of climate fluctuation during the Holoceneperiod in this area. The timberline of Taibai Mountain must havemoved for four times on the millennium scale. Being a stochasticoscillation boundary, treeline appears in a semi-stable conditionon the century scale. The tree-species line is even more unstable,which appears in an unstable status on the decades scale. Thecomparison of the stability within several landscape boundaries,shed light on the sensibility of these communities to variousperturbation and environmental heterogeneity, i.e., herb community is the most sensitive one, which is followed by shrubs, and forestis the most stable one. Trees and shrubs can adapt to rocky andpoor soils. On the contrary, alpine herbs are able to adapt towetter and cooler soils. Finally, under a scenario of a temperatureof 1.5-4.5℃ increase, the present timberline will be relativelystable but treeline and tree-species line will move upward.     

从钛铁渣中回收钛和铝——(二)回收铝

提出了一种从钛铁渣中提取大量铝的方法.研究了将钛铁渣酸解液中大量铝合成洗涤助剂用4A沸石的工艺条件,得到了合格的4A沸石产品,铝的回收率约为89%.探讨了导向剂在合成沸石中的应用,并对4A沸石产品的物性进行了表征.     

聚磷氯化铝溶液形态分布及转化规律

聚磷氯化铝是一种新型高效混凝剂，采用逐时络合比色法和酸中和速度法研究了聚磷氯化铝溶液的形态分布。结果表明，聚磷氯化铝的聚合形态为聚合铝形态与磷酸根作用新形态之和，其形态分布取决于羟比值和磷铝比值等因素，在一定的羟铝比值和磷铝比值时，聚磷氯化铝溶液可划分为５类形态，描绘出了聚磷氯化铝的形态转化规律。     

水解聚合铝溶液中形态分布的定量模拟研究

通过Ａｌ－Ｆｅｒｒｏｎ逐时络合比色法和￣（２７）Ａｌ核磁共振（ＮＭＲ）法，并应用“ＭＩＮＥＱＬ”化学平衡模式计算法，对采用不同反应途径制得的聚合铝（ＰＡＣ）溶液中的化学形态分布规律进行了定量模拟研究和对比。模式计算结果与两种实验定量分析结果都较为吻合，结果表明，在水解聚合铝溶液中较稳定的化学形态主要有五种：一种单体形态［ａｌ＿ａ］，即Ａｌ￣（３＋），Ａｌ（ＯＨ）￣（２＋），Ａｌ（ＯＨ）＿２￣＋；３种聚合形态［Ａｌ＿ｂ］，即和以及一种溶胶或凝胶形态［Ａｌ＿ｃ］，即Ａｌ（ＯＨ）＿３（ａｍ）．这些化学形态的分布和转化不仅取决于溶液的化学特征，而且也取决于制备方法的不同。     

混凝过程中铝与聚合铝水解形态的动力学转化及其稳定性

采用Ｆｅｒｒｏｎ逐时络合比色法，并结合电泳测定研究了混凝过程中氯化铝和聚合氯化铝的水解形态动力学转化及稳定性。结果表明，ＡＣ在混凝过程中所形成的水解形态完全不同于ＰＡＣ的预制水解聚合形态，其电荷及分子量均明显低于聚合铝且不稳定，ＡＣ随混凝条件如投加浓度、ＰＨ和混合时间而变，而ＰＡＣ－２５水解聚合形态不随混凝条件变化，始终保持稳定状态，ＡＣ水解沉淀规律与理论计算相符并形成无定形Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３絮体颗粒