Stabilization of sewage sludge in the presence of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI): abatement of odor and improvement of biogas production

The potential benefits of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on sludge stabilization, either the abatement of odor or the improvement of biogas production, were investigated in this study. Two commercial-grade microscale iron powders were also utilized for comparison. Adding 0.10 wt% of nZVI in sludge during anaerobic incubation significantly reduced the concentration of H₂S in biogas by 98.0 % (96.2–98.9 %), probably attributed by reactions between sulfides and the neo-formed hydrous Fe(II)/Fe(III) oxides layer at the surface of ZVI nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the percentage of P in bioavailable fractions decreased from 76.8 to 52.5 %, possibly due to the formation of vivianite [Fe₃(PO₄)₂]. Furthermore, 0.10 wt% of nZVI in anaerobic digestion for 17 days enhanced the concentration of CH₄ in biogas by 5.1–13.2 % and improved the production of biogas and methane by 30.4 and 40.4 %, respectively. The amendment of iron nanoparticles during anaerobic digestion can not only effectively reduce H₂S in biogas, but also potentially boost methane production significantly.     

活性炭纤维净化印刷过程产生的VOCs废气

介绍了应用局部排气的方法,收集印刷过程的挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)废气,应用活性炭纤维(ACF)吸附脱附有机废气回收净化装置,进行印刷厂VOCs废气的回收与治理,详细描述了印刷车间VOCs废气的收集与处理工艺过程及其效果.测试结果表明,应用此工艺和设备可以有效地进行印刷过程大风量的VOCs废气的回收和治理.     

Kinetic vaporization of heavy metals during fluidized bed thermal treatment of municipal solid waste

Heavy metals volatilization during thermal treatment of model solid waste was theoretically and experimentally investigated in a fluidized bed reactor. Lead, cadmium, zinc and copper, the most four conventional heavy metals were investigated. Particle temperature model and metal diffusion model were established to simulate the volatilization of CdCl₂ evaporation and investigate the possible influencing factors. The diffusion coefficient, porosity and particle size had significant effects on metal volatilization. The higher diffusion coefficient and porosity resulted in the higher metal evaporation. The influence of redox conditions, HCl, water and mineral matrice were also investigated experimentally. The metal volatilization can be promoted by the injection of HCl, while oxygen played a negative role. The diffusion process of heavy metals within particles also had a significant influence on kinetics of their vaporization. The interaction between heavy metals and mineral matter can decrease metal evaporation amount by forming stable metallic species.     

电厂循环冷却排污水的回用研究

针对电厂循环冷却排污水的处理技术进行了中试研究.采用超滤、反渗透的工艺处理电厂循环冷却排污水,处理后的水能够满足低压锅炉补充水的要求.该工艺为循环冷却排污水的再利用开辟了一条新途径,既节约了水资源,又减少了环境污染.     

活性炭纤维吸附废水中对硝基苯酚及其脱附研究

采用新型高效吸附剂--活性炭纤维吸附废水中对硝基苯酚,对其吸附和脱附影响因素进行了较详细的研究,确定了最佳工艺参数,并对动态吸附-脱附进行了稳定性实验.在最佳的吸附条件下,装填4 g活性炭纤维可处理含对硝基苯酚1000 mg/L的废水1400 mL,出水对硝基苯酚浓度＜2 mg/L,达到国家综合污水一级排放标准,活性炭纤维有效吸附量可达349.87 mg/g.在最佳脱附条件下,脱附率＞99%,并可从高浓度脱附液中回收对硝基苯酚.稳定性实验表明,吸附-脱附性能稳定,采用活性炭纤维吸附处理对硝基苯酚废水是一种行之有效的处理方法.     

改性活性焦及其脱硫性能的研究

以褐煤为主要原料,以煤焦油为粘结剂,加入一定量的金属氧化物制成的改性活性焦,具有良好的吸附能力和机械性能,脱硫效率高并易于再生,为烟气脱硫提供了一种新的吸附剂。     

TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及光催化性能的研究进展

阐述了阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列的机理,分析了制备过程中电解液组成、电解液pH、阳极氧化电压、氧化时间、热处理温度及其他操作条件对所制备的TiO2纳米管阵列结构的影响,介绍了能够提高TiO2纳米管阵列催化降解污染物效果的各种手段,并针对目前存在的问题对今后的研究发展提出展望。     

利用210Pb测年法探讨临海工程建设对厦门同安湾沉积速率的影响

采用铅-210地质年代学方法分析了厦门同安湾自高集海堤及其它临海工程兴建以来的淤积现象。结果表明:陆续的临海工程兴建,尤其是高集海堤修建,海湾水动力条件明显变化,致使整个海湾基本上处于接受沉积状况;沉积速率明显增加;近海堤主航道的淤积超过了海湾东、西、南三侧岸滩。