对未遂事件发生原因重要度排序方法的探讨

介绍了灰色关联度计算的原理,并用灰色关联度方法对未遂事件的诱发原因进行了实例分析。     

四斗朱水库蓝藻水华爆发成因分析及治理对策研究

作为饮用水源的小型水库四斗朱连续几年在早春即开始爆发严重束丝藻水华（属于蓝藻）。水质分析发现,四斗朱水库的水质参数如总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、氨氮（NH4^＋-N）以及BOD和COD浓度并不高,但明显高于其上游的石门塘水库,这说明在四斗朱水库的集水区存在污染源。本文分析了在低营养盐浓度情况下四斗朱水库蓝藻水华爆发的原因,认为由于集水区内的农业、生活、水土淋失以及自然沉降等途径导致水库营养浓度升高。并由于未知营养、气温回升以及水库生态系统失衡等因素,导致蓝藻水华暴发。最后,提出了相应的综合治理对策。     

炼厂氢气网络优化的计算方法

基于氢夹点理论和超结构理论,提出一套考虑燃料气价值的氢气网络优化计算方法,计算结果更加合理、经济、实用。运用此方法,不仅能定量评估某个加氢装置操作方式的合理性,而且能根据炼厂的氢气网络计算提出合理的优化运行方案。     

关于深化企业清洁生产工作的思考

从3个支撑体系着手,提出了企业做好清洁生产工作的措施:加强管理、优化技术、开展审核,建立清洁生产长效机制。     

中国石化HSE管理系统建设及应用

结合中国石化HSE管理系统的建设情况,介绍了中国石化HSE管理系统建设的背景、系统总体架构、试点建设范围、系统功能及在试点企业的应用成效。     

原油及其加工过程中汞的形态及分布

从原油中汞的形态及含量、石油加工产品中汞形态和分布以及石油加工过程汞的排放估算三万面综述了国内外相关研究的成果,并在此基础上对中国石化下一步汞污染控制提出了建议.     

矿化垃圾生物反应床堵塞问题探讨

针对矿化垃圾生物反应床处理渗滤液的堵塞问题,研究并探讨了堵塞原因和堵塞治理、预防措施。结果表明:渗滤液中有机悬浮物在矿化垃圾表层的截留与吸附是造成矿化垃圾反应床堵塞的主要原因之一。在该文试验条件下,二级串联工艺中,第一级反应床的表层总有机碳含量随时间的延长而增加,总有机碳从最初的9.4%提高到发生堵塞时的10.7%;而中部垃圾的总有机碳含量则维持在9.4%～9.5%。第二级反应床表层和中部垃圾的总有机碳分别维持在9.2%～9.5%和9.0%～9.4%,未发生明显变化。通过矿化垃圾累计降解污染物的量,提出了矿化垃圾极限负荷和临界负荷的概念。     

Economics analysis of food waste treatment in China and its influencing factors

• Economics of food waste treatment projects at 29 pilot cities in China was examined. • Roles of location, population size, processing technique, and income were studied. • Economic benefits were limited with a profit to cost ratio of 0.08±0.37. • Service population size affects construction economics significantly (P = 0.016). • Choice of food waste processing technique affects operating economics notably. This study examines the economic benefits of food waste treatment projects in China and factors affecting them. National-level pilot projects for food waste treatment located in 29 cities were selected as samples. The economics of food waste recycling from the investors’ perspective, in terms of investment during the construction phase and cost and benefit during the operation phase, was assessed. Results indicate that the average tonnage investment of food waste treatment projects was RMB 700.0±188.9 thousand yuan, with a profit to cost ratio of 0.08±0.37. This ratio increased to 0.95±0.57 following the application of government subsidies. It highlights the limited economic benefits of food waste treatment facilities, which rely on government subsidies to maintain their operations in China. Further analysis using a multi-factor analysis model revealed that regional location, service population size, processing techniques, and urban income exerted varying impacts on the economy of food waste treatment. Population size exerted the highest impact (P = 0.016) during the construction stage, and processing techniques notably influenced the project economy during the operation stage. The study highlights the need to prioritize service population size and processing techniques during economic decision-making and management of food waste recycling projects. The results of this study can serve as a valuable practical reference for guiding future policies regarding food waste treatment and related planning.     

脱硫石膏综合利用的现状与展望

介绍了国内外脱硫石膏在农业、水泥行业、建材行业和其他方面的综合利用情况,以及脱硫石膏分解技术的研究现状,探讨了分解温度、反应气氛和催化成分等因素对脱硫石膏分解效果的影响,展望了脱硫石膏的应用前景。指出:寻找脱硫石膏综合利用的新途径、找出适合脱硫石膏还原分解的气氛及其分解规律、探索有利于脱硫石膏还原分解的条件,是我国脱硫石膏实现循环利用的必经之路。     

以农业面源污染阻控为目标的河流生态缓冲带研究进展

河流生态缓冲带是河流生态系统的重要组成部分,一些国家已将河流生态缓冲带的构建与维护作为控制流域面源污染的关键措施.针对河流生态缓冲带的农业面源污染阻控功能,梳理了河流生态缓冲带的研究进展.基于河流生态缓冲带类型的划定,重点总结了河岸植被缓冲带的阻控机制及影响阻控效果的主要因素、氮磷削减途径和缓冲带生态构建模式,并就植被...