Analyzing injury severity of bus passengers with different movements

Objective: Though public transport vehicles are rarely involved in mass casualty accidents, when they are, the number of injuries and fatalities is usually high due to the high passenger capacity. Of the few studies that have been conducted on bus safety, the majority focused on vehicle safety features, road environmental factors, as well as driver characteristics. Nevertheless, few studies have attempted to investigate the underlying risk factors related to bus occupants. This article presents an investigation aimed at identifying the risk factors affecting injury severity of bus passengers with different movements.

Method: Three different passenger movement types including standing, seated, and boarding/alighting were analyzed individually using classification and regression tree (CART) method based on publicly available accident database of Great Britain.

Results: According to the results of exploratory analyses, passenger age and vehicle maneuver are associated with passenger injury severity in all 3 types of accidents. Moreover, the variable “skidding and overturning” is associated with injury severity of seated passengers and driver age is correlated with injury severity of standing and boarding/alighting passengers.

Conclusions: The CART method shows its ability to identify and easily explain the complicated patterns affecting passenger injury severity. Several countermeasures to reduce bus passenger injury severity are recommended.     

负离子新风净化系统的研究和发展方向探讨

总结了负离子净化技术以及空气净化装置的研究现状,在传统新风过滤处理的基础上,提出了基于空气负离子净化原理的新型新风净化装置的可行性,并探讨了其研究方向和关键问题。     

绿色大学建设及其评价指标体系实证研究

从可持续发展角度,对绿色大学内涵及评价指标体系进行研究.以中国矿业大学南湖校区为例,建立了新的二级评价指标,采用几何平均值计算绿色度,对中国矿业大学的绿色大学建设进行评价,结果表明中国矿业大学的绿色度等级为"浅绿色".据此,提出相应的改善校园绿色建设的建议.     

松花江依兰江段地表水监测断面污染状况分析

在连续三年监测数据基础上,用单项污染指数,综合污染指数和污染负荷分担率及历史数据均值偏差估算等方法,对五个监测断面的污染状况进行评价,得出科学的评价结论.     

战略环境影响评价与可持续发展的关系研究

概述了战略环境影响评价产生的原因，概念及可持发展的内涵和指标体系，分析了两者的相互关系，强调了战略环境影响评价是达到可持发展的中心环节及可持续发展对战略环境影响评价的指导作用。     

锅炉脱硫除尘废水的循环利用

结合文丘里洗涤废水处理现状 ,提出应重视北方寒冷地区中小型工业废水处理工程的工艺设计。分析、讨论了高浊度废水处理工程设计中应注意的几个问题     

试析平朔露天煤矿废弃地复垦的新技术

从理论上初步分析了１９９１－１９９７年在平朔安太堡露天煤矿４００余ｈｍ＾２废弃地复垦中试用的新技术，包括黄土母质直接铺覆工艺，污染岩层包埋压埋工艺，堆状地面排土工艺，暂时性，过渡性，永久性水土保持措施，硬化与非硬化排水渠道，草，灌乔木合理配置模式。     

A/O接触氧化法处理城市生活污水的工程实践

介绍了A O工艺 (内置填料 )处理城市生活污水的工程实例。监测数据表明 :该工艺成熟可靠、出水能够达到排放标准 ,是处理城市生活污水较理想的工艺选择     

岩溶山区表土中7Be、137Cs、226Ra和228Ra的地球化学相分配及其侵蚀示踪意义

利用ＧＣ－ＭＳ定性及ＧＣ－ＦＩＤ定量，测定了１９９３年１１月采自厦门西海域８个站位的表层沉积物样品。应用模糊聚类的方法，结合献资料，对甾醇的指标作用进行了探讨；利用聚类结果去除少量不合理数据，将甾醇划为３类，其在海域中的分布各有特点；Ａ类甾醇带有经处理过的污水的特征，表现出从厦门市最大生活污排污口向四周扩散的过程；