Cu-Zn-Ce催化剂紫外辅助CWPO工艺降解活性艳红X-3B

采用浸渍法制备具有较高催化活性的催化剂CuO-ZnO-CeO2/γ-Al2O3,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等不同表征手段对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,稀土Ce的掺杂较好地改善了催化剂表面颗粒的形态,有利于催化剂活性的提高和在非晶体形态下具有更好的催化性能.紫外辅助CWPO工艺对活性艳红X-3B有较好的降解效果,采用紫外/可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对染料降解过程进行跟踪和分析,结果表明,染料褪色的主要原因是羟基自由基(·OH)攻击偶氮键使其断裂.同时,本文对紫外辅助CWPO降解机理进行了研究,并通过叔丁醇羟基捕获剂进一步证明了紫外辅助CWPO降解活性艳红X-3B过程产生了·OH,且降解过程遵循自由基反应机理.对降解过程进行动力学研究,发现其符合伪一级动力学模型,表观活化能为32.79 kJ·mol-1,说明降解过程是化学控制过程.     

Characteristics of volatile compounds removal in biogas slurry of pig manure by ozone oxidation and organic solvents extraction

Biogas slurry is not suitable for liquid fertilizer due to its high amounts of volatile materials being of complicated composition and peculiar smell. In order to remove volatiles from biogas slurry efficiently, the dynamic headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to clear the composition of volatiles. Nitrogen stripping and superfluous ozone were also used to remove volatiles from biogas slurry. The results showed that there were 21 kinds of volatile compounds in the biogas slurry, including sulfur compounds, organic amines, benzene, halogen generation of hydrocarbons and alkanes, some of which had strong peculiar smell. The volatile compounds in biogas slurry can be removed with the rate of 53.0% by nitrogen stripping and with rate of 81.7% by the oxidization and stripping of the superfluous ozone. On this basis, the removal rate of the volatile compounds reached 99.2% by chloroform and n-hexane extraction, and almost all of odor was eliminated. The contents of some dissolved organic compounds decreased obviously and however main plant nutrients had no significant change in the biogas slurry after being treated.     

京津唐地区臭氧时空分布特征与气象因子的关联性研究

京津唐地区随着经济的快速发展和城市化的不断推进,臭氧污染呈现加重的趋势,深入了解臭氧浓度时空变化特征及其变化驱动机制是采取科学有效防控措施的前提和基础.本研究针对京津唐地区近地面臭氧浓度快速增加的2016年,利用卫星遥感反演数据、地面每小时监测数据及气象观测资料,分析探讨了近地面臭氧浓度时空分布及与温度、压强、蒸发量、...