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241.
Complexes of fulvic acid on the surface of hematite, goethite, and akaganeite: FTIR observation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The present work extended our knowledge on the binding and complexation of a fulvic acid (FA) derived from leonardite and the iron oxides (hematite, goethite and akaganeite) by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). As a prerequisite, the iron oxides were firstly prepared and characterized by transmission electron micrograph (TEM). All iron phases were single and well-described crystalloid. The FTIR data obtained by two different sampling preparation methods gave the consisting evidences that under our experimental conditions the interaction mechanism was to the ligand-exchange involving carboxylic functional groups of the FA and the surfaces sites of both hematite and goethite, while no complexation can be evidenced in the case of akaganeite, only surface adsorption. In general, the binding affinities of the iron oxides with the FA was in the order of hematite>goethite>akaganeite. The present method, although associated with some uncertainties, provided an opportunity to increase the knowledge in the field of the humic chemistry. 相似文献
242.
加油站火灾爆炸故障树分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用安全系统工程的方法,对加油站的火灾爆炸事故进行了故障树分析。通过故障树分析,得出4个最小径集,指明了预防事故发生的可能途径;从而确定出加油站火灾爆炸事故的预防措施,并做出安全检查表,以供现场实施参考。 相似文献
243.
IntroductionThis paper utilizes generalized additive model to explore the potential non-linear relationship between crash frequency and exposure on different types of urban roadway segments.MethodsGeneralized additive models are used to analyze crash frequency data and compared with the commonly used crash rate method and generalized linear models using a five-year crash data set from Houston, Texas.ResultsThe study shows that the relationship between crash frequency and exposure varies by segment type and the linearity may only approximately exist in certain segment types. In addition, the generalized additive modeling results suggest that such relationship curves may not be monotonic. Finally, this study demonstrates that generalized additive models in general provide better flexibility and modeling performance than generalized linear models.Impact on IndustryThe generalized additive model provides a very promising alternative for crash frequency modeling and other safety studies. 相似文献
244.
Gang Yi Xinfei Fan Xie Quan Shuo Chen Hongtao Yu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):23
245.
Hang Zhang Shuo Chen Haiguang Zhang Xinfei Fan Cong Gao Hongtao Yu Xie Quan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):18
246.
Nowadays, more people tend to spend their recreational time in large national parks, and trace metal(loid)s in soils have attracted long-term attention due to their possible harm to human health. To investigate the pollution levels, potential sources and health risks of trace metal(loid)s in road soils, a total of eight trace metal(loid)s (including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Hg) from 47 soil samples along roads were studied in the Huangshan National Park in Southeast China. The results showed that the concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Hg appeared different degrees of pollution compared with their corresponding background values. According to the pollution indices, Hg and Cd were recognized as significant pollutants presenting moderate to high ecological risk. Combining principal component analysis and positive matrix factorization model, the results showed that traffic, industrial, agricultural and natural sources were the potential origins of trace metal(loid)s in this area, with contribution rates of 39.93%, 25.92%, 10.53% and 23.62%, respectively. Non-carcinogenic risks were all negligible, while the carcinogenic risk of As was higher than the limit (1 10−6). Moreover, children were more susceptible to trace metal(loid)s by ingestion which appeared to be a more important exposure pathway than dermal contact and inhalation. The contribution rates of different sources to non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks were similar among children and adults, while traffic and industrial sources have a significant impact on health risks. This study will give more insights to control the environmental risks of trace metal(loid)s in national parks. 相似文献
247.
催化荧光法测定痕量亚硝酸根 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文研究了在稀磷酸介质中,亚硝酸根对溴酸钾氧化中笥红的反应,建立了催化荧光法测定痕量亚硝酸根的方法,实验表明,亚硝酸根在0.05-0.40μg.25ml^-1范围内与ΔF成线性关系,大多数常见的共存离子不影响其测定。本法用于水样中亚硝酸根的测定,结果比较满意。 相似文献
248.
对山西省五台山区垂直土壤主要土类的氟元素背景值进行了调查与分析,揭示了五台山区土壤氟元素区域背景的分布特征和变化趋势。结果表明:五台山区土壤氟背景值略高于我国平均水平,多数土壤B层含氟量最高。 相似文献
249.
250.
本文以三种有机酸为代表,研究并建立了测定水稻土中有机酸的分光光度法。结果表明,三种有机酸的有色络合物具有相同的吸收光谱,且具有相同的最大吸收波长(λ_(mss)=500um)和相近的表观摩尔吸光系数。水分对酯化反应影响很大,含水量达4ml时,吸光值下降85%。酯化温度在10℃以上时,酯化率达最大值且保持稳定。在25℃时,显色反应20min趋干稳定,且在1h内吸光值下降不超过1.2%。土样中的有机酸采用NaCl溶液为提取剂,以3:1的液土比振荡提取30min,NaCl溶液浓度为1%就能达到良好的提取、过滤效果。提取液在烘干前需进行碱化,否则有机酸将损失30%以上。本法平均回收率为92.2%(n=5),标准差为0-0.0478cmol k8~(-1)(n=2-6),平均0.0142cmol kg~(-1)(n=26);变异系数为0—10%(n=2-6),平均4.87%(n=26);线性范围为0—0.0018mol L~(-1)。 相似文献